100 metres hurdles
| Athletics 100 metres hurdles | |
|---|---|
|
A 100 m hurdles at Atlanta 1996. | |
| Women's records | |
| World |
 Yordanka Donkova 12.21 (1988) |
| Olympic |
 Sally Pearson 12.35 (2012) |
The 100 metres hurdles, or 100-meter hurdles, is a track and field event run mainly by women (the male counterpart is the 110 metres hurdles). For the race ten hurdles of a height of 83.8 centimetres (2.75 ft) are placed evenly spaced along a straight course of 100 metres (110 yd). They are positioned so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner, but weighted so it is disadvantageous. Fallen hurdles don't count against runners so long as they don't run into them on purpose. Like the 100 metres sprint the 100 m hurdles begins with athletes in starting blocks.
History
For the 100 m hurdles the first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13 metres from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 8.5 metres from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 10.5 metres long.
The Olympic Games had included the 80 m hurdles in the program from 1932 to 1968. Starting with the 1972 Summer Olympics the women's race was lengthened to 100 m hurdles.
The fastest 100 m hurdlers run the distance in a time of around 12.5 seconds. The world record set by Yordanka Donkova stands at 12.21 seconds, the equivalent of 8.19 metres per second or 29.48 kilometres per hour.
The hurdles sprint race has been run by women since the beginning of women's athletics, just after the end of World War I. The distances and hurdle heights varied widely in the beginning. While the men had zeroed in on the 110 m hurdles, the International Women's Sport Federation had registered records for eight different disciplines by 1926 (60 yards/75 cm height, 60 yards/61 cm, 65 yards/75 cm, 83 yards/75 cm, 100 yards/75 cm, 100 yards/61 cm, 120 yards/75 cm, 110 metres/75 cm). At the first Women's World Games in 1922 a 100 m hurdles race was run.
From 1926 until 1968 on only the 80 m distance was run. For the 80 m race women had to clear eight hurdles placed at a distance of 8 metres from each other and a height of 76.2 cm.
Just like with the men's races, until 1935 no more than three hurdles could be knocked over (or the runner was disqualified) and records were only officially registered if the runner had cleared all her hurdles clean. In 1935, this rule was abandoned, and L-shaped hurdles were introduced that fell over forward easily and greatly reduced the risk of injury to the runner.
| Distance | Number of hurdles |
Height | Distance made up of | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Runup | Intervals | Home stretch | |||
| 80 m | 8 | 76.2 cm | 12 m | 8.0 m | 12.0 m |
| 100 m | 10 | 83.8 cm | 13 m | 8.5 m | 10.5 m |
The 80 m hurdles was on the list of women's sports demanded by the International Women's Sport Federation for the Olympic Summer Games in 1928, but wasn't included as an Olympic discipline until 1932. Starting with 1949 the 80 m hurdles was one of the disciplines included in the women's pentathlon.
During the 1960s some experimental races were run over a distance of 100 metres using hurdles with a height of 76.2 cm. During the 1968 Summer Olympics a decision was made to introduce the 100 m hurdles using hurdles with a height of 84 cm and the first international event in the 100 m hurdles occurred at the European Athletics Championships, which were won by Karin Balzer, GDR. The modern 100 m race has an extra 2 hurdles compared to the 80 m race, which are higher and spaced slightly further apart. The home stretch is shorter by 1.5 m.
Masters athletics
A version of the 100 metres hurdles is also used for 50- to 59-year-old men in Masters athletics. They run the same spacing as women, which coordinates with existing markings on most tracks, but run over 36" (.915 m) hurdles. In the 60-69 age range, the spacings are changed. Women over age 40, men over age 70 run 80 metre versions with different heights and spacings.[1][2]
Milestones
100 m hurdles:
- First official time registered with hurdles of reduced height (76.2 cm): Pamela Kilborn, AUS, November 26, 1961
- First official time with hurdles of standard height (83.8 cm): 15.1 seconds, Connie Pettersson, USA, May 28, 1966
- First official world record: 13.3 seconds, Karin Balzer, GDR, June 20, 1969
- First runner under 13 seconds: 12.9 seconds, Karin Balzer, GDR, September 5, 1969
- First runner under 12.5 seconds:
- 12.3 seconds, Annelie Ehrhardt GDR, July 20, 1973 (last hand timed world record; electronically timed at 12.68 seconds)
- 12.48 seconds, Grażyna Rabsztyn, POL, June 10, 1978
- First runner under 12.3 seconds: 12.29 seconds, Yordanka Donkova BUL, August 17, 1986
Most successful athletes
- Shirley Strickland (AUS): two Olympic victories, 1952 and 1956 in the 80 m hurdles
- Ludmila Narozhilenko-Engquist (URS) later (SWE): Olympic victory, 1996, two World Championship victories, 1991 and 1997
- Gail Devers (USA): three World Championships, 1993, 1995, 1999, as well as runner-up at the 1991 and 2001 World Championships
- Sally Pearson (AUS): Olympic victory in 2012, World Championship victory in 2011,
Note: Narozhilenko-Engquist and Pearson are the only 100 metres hurdlers to have become both Olympic Champion and World Champion.
Olympic medalists
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World championships medalists
Fastest 25 athletes
As of June 2015 (In brackets: Wind in m/s)
Note: Michelle Perry also ran 12.43 in Lausanne, 11 July 2006
Note: Glory Alozie also ran 12.44 in Brussels, August 28, 1998 & in Seville, August 28, 1999
Assisted marks
Any performance with a following wind of more than 2.0 metres per second does not count for record purposes. Below is the fastest wind-assisted times. Only times that are superior to legal bests are shown:
- Cornelia Oschkenat (DDR) ran a wind-aided 12.28 sec (+2.7) in Berlin, August 25, 1987.
- Gail Devers (USA) ran a wind-aided 12.29 sec (+2.7) in Eugene, May 26, 2002.
- Lolo Jones (USA) ran a wind-aided 12.29 sec (+3.8) in Eugene, July 6, 2008.
- Bettine Jahn (DDR) ran a wind-aided 12.35 sec (+2.4) in Helsinki (World Championship final), August 13, 1983
- Kellie Wells (USA) ran a wind-aided 12.35 sec (+3.7) in Gainseville, April 16, 2011. Legal best is 12.48 sec in London (Olympic final), August 7, 2012.
Season's bests
See also
Notes et references
- ↑ http://www.trackinfo.org/hurdles101.html
- ↑ http://www.world-masters-athletics.org/files/laws_rules/Appendix-A-K.pdf
- ↑ Kirby Lee (23 June 2013). "National records for Rollins, Carter and Bingson at US Championships". IAAF. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
- ↑ "100 Metres Hurdles Results" (PDF). IAAF. 3 September 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
- ↑ "100m Hurdles Heat 3 Results". 26 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
- ↑ "100m Hurdles Results". IAAF. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
- ↑ Kirby Lee (23 June 2013). "National records for Rollins, Carter and Bingson at US Championships". IAAF. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
- Much of the content of this article comes from the equivalent German-language Wikipedia article (retrieved February 13, 2006).
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