.220 Russian

Type

Hunting

Place of origin

USSR

Production history

Designed

1950s

Manufacturer

SAKO & Lapua

Specifications

Parent case

7.62×39mm

Case type

Rimless, Bottle-Neck

Bullet diameter

5.67 mm (0.223 in)

Rim diameter

11.35 mm (0.447 in)

Rim thickness

1.5 mm (0.059 in)

Case length

38.7 mm (1.52 in)

Overall length

48.7 mm (1.92 in)

Case capacity

1.95 cm³ (30.1 gr H₂O)

Primer type

Small rifle

Maximum pressure

350 MPa (51,000 psi)

Ballistic performance

Bullet weight/type	Velocity	Energy
3.5 g (54 gr) SP	2,993.4 ft/s (912.4 m/s)	1,074.6 ft·lbf (1,457.0 J)

The .220 Russian (5.6×39mm) cartridge was developed in the late 1950s for deer hunting in Russia. It is a 7.62×39mm cartridge necked down to hold a 5.6 mm bullet. It was later adopted by Finland, and by around 1965 was being produced by SAKO and Lapua. When it was introduced to the United States, Sako, and later Lapua, brass was stamped ".220 Russian".

The .220 Russian is the parent case for the .22 PPC and the 6mm PPC cartridge.

Ballistics

Ballistic data (3.5 gram SP bullet)
Distance (m)	0	50	100	200	300	400	500
Velocity(m / s)	912.4	798.8	694.0	507.7	359.4	290.5	250.3
Energy (J)	1457	1117	843	451	226	148	110

Weapons

In the Soviet Union, several hunting rifles were designed for this cartridge; the bolt-action carbine "Bars" («Барс»), the TOZ-84-20/5,6 (ТОЗ-84-20/5,6) and TOZ-84-28/5,6 (ТОЗ-84-28/5,6), and the MTs-105-35 (МЦ-105-35) and MTs-127 (МЦ-127).

This round was also used in the TKB-022PM5 bullpup assault rifle, and in development of the standard-issue 5.45×39mm round.

In the Russian Federation, several hunting rifles were designed for this cartridge; the IJ-94 "Sever" (ИЖ-94 "Север"), "Saiga-5,6" ("Сайга-5,6"), and "Saiga-5,6S" ("Сайга-5,6С").

References

Sources

Патроны охотничьи 5,6x39. Типы и основные размеры. ГОСТ 20808-75. Москва, 1975.
А. В. Кузьминский. Оружие для охотника: практическое пособие / под общ.ред. А. Е. Тараса М., ООО «Издательство АСТ», 2002. стр.250-251

External links

Competition Cartridges - A Brief History of Cartridge Design by Cheechako at 6mmbr.com
ballistics at Wolf website
5.6x39 from 7.62x39 Kalashnikov

Wikimedia Commons has media related to .220 Russian.

Cartridges derived from the 7.62×39mm or its derivatives

First generation derivatives	5.6х39mm/.220 Russian 9×39mm

Second generation derivatives (based on 5.6х39mm/.220 Russian)	.22 PPC 6 mm PPC 6.5mm Grendel .30 Walker

Third generation derivatives (based on 6.5mm Grendel)	6mm AR

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