Zelenogradsk
Zelenogradsk (English) Зеленоградск (Russian) | |
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- Town[1] - | |
View of Zelenogradsk | |
Location of Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia | |
Zelenogradsk | |
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Administrative status (as of November 2011) | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Kaliningrad Oblast[1] |
Administrative district | Zelenogradsky District[1] |
Town of district significance | Zelenogradsk[1] |
Administrative center of | Zelenogradsky District,[1] town of district significance of Zelenogradsk[1] |
Municipal status (as of July 2009) | |
Municipal district | Zelenogradsky Municipal District[2] |
Urban settlement | Zelenogradskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
Administrative center of | Zelenogradsky Municipal District,[2] Zelenogradskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
Statistics | |
Population (2010 Census) | 13,026 inhabitants[3] |
Time zone | USZ1 (UTC+02:00)[4] |
Founded | 1252[5] |
Previous names |
Cranz (until 1945), Krants (until 1946)[5] |
Postal code(s)[6] | 238326, 238530 |
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Zelenogradsk on WikiCommons |
Zelenogradsk (Russian: Зеленогра́дск ), prior to 1946 known by its German name Cranz, is a town and the administrative center of Zelenogradsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located 34 kilometers (21 mi) north of Kaliningrad, the administrative center of the oblast, on the Sambian coastline near the Curonian Spit on the Baltic Sea. Population: 13,026 (2010 Census);[3] 12,509 (2002 Census);[7] 10,786 (1989 Census).[8]
History
The site of today's Zelenogradsk was originally an Old Prussian fishing village, in the proximity of Kaup, a Prussian town on the coast of the Baltic Sea in the Viking era. The area became controlled by the Teutonic Knights and settled with Germans. The German name Cranz, originally Cranzkuhren, derives from the Old Prussian word krantas, meaning "the coast". For most of its history it remained a small village in East Prussia.
During the 19th century, Cranz became the primary seaside resort for the Kingdom of Prussia on the East Prussian coastline, especially after the construction of a railway line connecting it with Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) in 1885. From 1816 to 1895, it was known as das königliche Bad, or "the royal bathing resort". Despite the increasing numbers of tourists, the fishing industry remained strong; smoked flounder was a regional delicacy. Although Cranz had over 6,000 inhabitants by the start of World War II, it never received a town charter.
The area was overrun by the Soviet Red Army during World War II and annexed to the Russian SFSR, although it suffered minimally through warfare. The German population fled during the evacuation of East Prussia or was subsequently expelled by force. Cranz was renamed Zelenogradsk in 1946[5] and was granted town status in the subsequent years.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Zelenogradsk serves as the administrative center of Zelenogradsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Zelenogradsky District as the town of district significance of Zelenogradsk.[1] As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Zelenogradsk is incorporated within Zelenogradsky Municipal District as Zelenogradskoye Urban Settlement.[2]
Tourism
The tourism industry was neglected during the Cold War and Zelenogradsk's tourism primacy was relinquished to nearby Svetlogorsk (formerly Rauschen). This policy changed in recent years. Zelenogradsk is becoming more popular with Russian vacationers, and many rich Russians own private houses in the area.
Notable people
- Abel Ehrlich (1915–2003), composer
- Volker Lechtenbrink (born 1944), actor
- Beate Uhse-Rotermund (1919–2001), aviator and entrepreneur
- Adolf Tortilowicz von Batocki-Friebe (1868–1944), politician
- Patrick White, a 1973 Nobel laureate, visited Cranz in the early 1930s "during the early stages of my love affair with Germany".[9]
Twin towns and sister cities
Zelenogradsk is twinned with:
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Resolution #640
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Law #501
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 147. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года[All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Patrick White. Flaws in the Glass. A Self-Portrait. London 1981, p. 41. ISBN 0-14-006293-9
Sources
- Правительство Калининградской области. Постановление №640 от 30 августа 2011 г. «Об утверждении реестра объектов административно-территориального деления Калининградской области», в ред. Постановления №877 от 21 ноября 2011 г «О внесении изменения в Постановление Правительства Калининградской области от 30 августа 2011 г. №640». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Калининградская правда" (вкладыш "Официально"), №170, 15 сентября 2011 г. (Government of Kaliningrad Oblast. Resolution #640 of August 30, 2011 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Objects of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of Kaliningrad Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #877 of November 21, 2011 On Amending the Resolution of the Government of Kaliningrad Oblast #640 of August 30, 2011. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Калининградская областная Дума. Закон №501 от 18 февраля 2005 г. «О наделении муниципального образования "Зеленоградский район" статусом муниципального района и об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципальных образований, находящихся на его территории», в ред. Закона №303 от 28 марта 2014 г. «Об изменении границ муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская газета" ("Запад России"), №44, 4 марта 2005 г. (Kaliningrad Oblast Duma. Law #501 of February 18, 2005 On Granting the Status of a Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of "Zelenogradsky District" and on Establishing the Borders and Granting Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formations Located on Its Territory, as amended by the Law #303 of March 28, 2014 On Changing the Borders of the Municipal Formations. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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