Woolston, Cheshire
| Woolston | |
  Woolston |
|
| Population | 7,868 (2001) |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | SJ645895 |
| Civil parish | Woolston |
| Unitary authority | Warrington |
| Ceremonial county | Cheshire |
| Region | North West |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | WARRINGTON |
| Postcode district | WA1 |
| Dialling code | 01925 |
| Police | Cheshire |
| Fire | Cheshire |
| Ambulance | North West |
| EU Parliament | North West England |
Coordinates: 53°24′05″N 2°32′00″W / 53.4013°N 2.5332°W
Formerly a township within the parish of Warrington, and now a parish in its own right, Woolston-with-Martinscroft consists of two settlements: Woolston to the west and Martinscroft to the east, which run along the north bank of the River Mersey and take in Paddington to the south-west. It is bounded by the River Mersey to the south, Bruche and Padgate to the west, Longbarn and Birchwood to the north and Rixton to the east.
The township remained an agricultural community on the furthest outskirts of Warrington until the 1970s, when development by Warrington New Town radically transformed its rural character. With the construction of the M6 motorway on its eastern side, Martinscroft lost its previous status as the main village centre. The mosses to the north were covered by the Grange Employment Estate and the last remaining farm was demolished in the late 1990s.
The parish is generally known as Woolston only. It is now a residential suburb of Warrington, popular with families, and known mostly to wildlife enthusiasts for its proximity to several nature reserves and SSSIs (Site of Special Scientific Interest). The Mersey Way long-distance footpath runs along the river bank.
Geography
The flat country is divided into fields with rather meagre hedgerows and scanty trees. The alluvial and sandy soil appears fertile, yielding good crops of potatoes and turnips, oats, wheat, and clover, whilst many a marshy corner is devoted to the cultivation of osiers for the manufacture of potato hampers and 'skips'. In the north of the district there is a considerable patch of mossland and here too there is a good deal of clay in the surface soil. By the river there are moist pastures. The inhabitants are entirely employed in agricultural labour and basketmaking. 1907 description.[1]
The area has two main natural areas: Woolston Linear Park and the Woolston Eyes Nature Reserve—a Site of Special Scientific Interest.
Woolston is situated in the Mersey Valley and so there is a very slight lowering in height between it and the surrounding areas. The highest point is on the Woolston Eyes, formerly Thelwall Eyes, (four-man-made areas formed by large embankments for the dispersement of dredging waste). The lowest point is the marshland formed by the dereliction of the Woolston New Cut Canal and Woolston Old Canal. The Manchester Ship Canal denotes the southerly boundary of the Eyes reserve and can be crossed either via nearby Latchford locks or by the unique penny ferry crossing (11p each way as of October 2009). Woolston has plenty of waterways including the aforementioned canals; the new cut of the River Mersey; and the Manchester Ship Canal.
History
Woolston was anciently part of Lancashire, but after local government reforms of 1974, it became part of Cheshire.[2] Up to the last decade of the nineteenth century, Woolston and its immediate area was a township called "Woolston with Martinscroft" in Warrington ancient parish, which was itself part of West Derby Hundred.[3] Towards the middle to end of the nineteenth century, it was part of Warrington rural sanitary district and Warrrington poor law union.[4]
In 1894, Woolston with Martinscroft joined the newly formed Warrington Rural District as a civil parish, where it remained until 1933.[5] There was a boundary change to the civil parish in 1885 when the county boundary between Lancashire and Cheshire was adjusted: it gained part of Thelwall civil parish from Cheshire.[6] A complex set of boundary changes occurred in 1933, involving the county boundary with Cheshire: the civil parish gained part of Lymm ancient parish; exchanged areas of land with Grappenhall ancient parish; and exchanged areas of land with Thelwall civil parish, all in Cheshire. Finally, and again in 1933, the civil parish of Woolston with Martinscroft was abolished and parts used to create the civil parishes of Croft and the modern day civil parish of Woolston, both in Lancashire.[3] This new civil parish of Woolston was formed from parts of the old Woolston with Martinscroft civil parish, as explained above, and also part of Culcheth civil parish. It remained in Warrington rural district until the local government reforms of 1974 which created the borough of Warrington which was located in Cheshire.[7] In 1998, when Warrington borough became a unitary authority, it remained in the ceremonial county of Cheshire,[8][9] and continued to be served by Cheshire Police[10] and Cheshire Fire and Rescue Service.[11]
Throughout time its name has changed often. At time of the Vikings it was called Wulfiges Town (probably because of the wolves that occupied the land).
It is a civil parish which grew in the 20th century: the population in 1901 was just 484.[12]
Economy
A large area of the district is covered by warehousing districts. The largest by far is the "Grange" this is an area of modern warehousing and light manufacturing built next to the M6 motorway. This area was home to a large Safeway distribution depot that was taken over by Morrisons in January 2006, and then taken over by Iceland in mid-2006. In 2007, this was outsourced to DHL, while still continuing to serve Iceland. Woolston is home to a number of smaller businesses including Big Storage on the main A57 and Paragon Framing http://www.paragonframing.co.uk. There is also an industrial estate to the south called the "New Cut industrial estate", this features a large pipework fabrication business (WH Capper)http://www.whcapper.co.uk and several small offices and small holdings. The estate gets its name from the canal which borders it and the "new cut" of the River Mersey.
Education
Education is provided by Woolston Church of England Primary School, St. Peters' Catholic Primary School and Woolston Community Primary School.
Secondary Education was provided by Woolston Community High School which closed in 2012.
Kings Leadership Academy (Warrington's first Free School) opened its doors to its first year 7 in 2012. The school is the brainchild of Sir Iain Hall (previous career in working with failing schools in the USA and the emergence of the Charter School system in the USA). Based on Seymour Drive at present, the school is set to move to its new purpose build school building soon which is set close to Woolston Park
Places of worship
Woolston remained a Catholic stronghold after the Reformation, with Benedictine services being held in the chapel at Woolston Hall, until its demolition in the early 1800s.[12] St Peter's Church, served by secular clergy, was built on Weir Lane, Martinscroft, in 1835 and is now a Grade II listed building. It is part of the Arch-diocese of Liverpool.
A Wesleyan Methodist chapel was built on Manchester Road, Martinscroft, in 1827 and demolished by the New Town Corporation in 1977. A modern replacement, St Martin's Church, was built on Gig Lane, Woolston in 1975.[13]
The Church of the Ascension (Church of England) on Warren Lane, Woolston, was built in 1968, from plans drawn up in 1959. It is part of the Diocese of Liverpool.[14]
Leisure and community
A Leisure Centre was built in Hall Road in 1972, as part of the New Town Development, and refurbished in 2010 and 2011 to become Woolston Neighbourhood Hub. It has good disabled access.
Swimming
There are two pools at the Leisure Centre, both open seven days a week. The Main Pool is 25 m by 12 m with a depth of 1 m to 1,7m. The Teaching Pool is 13 m by 9 m with a depth of 0.8 m to 0.9 m.
There is a swimming club, Warriors of Warrington, which caters to Juniors, Beginners, Seniors, Veterans and Disabled.
Squash
There are three squash courts at the Leisure Centre, with glass fronts for viewing.
Gym
There is a Future Fitness gym at the Leisure Centre, with sauna and steam rooms.
A number of groups have meetings at the Mission Hall (the C of E church hall) on Warren Lane:
Pre-school Playgroup
Youth Club
WRVS affiliated Over-sixties Club
Woolston Slimming Club
Woolston Ladies' Group
Woolston WI
Demography
Woolston has a population of 7,868.[15]
At the 2001 Census:
- Woolston had an average housing density of 2.66 residents per household.
Housing
Of 1783 households
- 1574 (88.3%) were owner occupied
- 203 (11.4%) were rented
- 5 (0.3%) were of unknown status
Employment
- 19.3% of 16–74 year old residents had no qualifications
- 2.1% are unemployed
Race and gender
- 48.3% of residents are Male
- 51.7% of residents are Female
of which
- 98% are of white (all origins) race
- 0.34% are of mixed race
- 0.92% are of Asian or Asian British origin
- 0.62% are of Chinese origin
- 0.12% are of Black race
Source:Office for National Statistics Neighbourhood profiles for areas Warrington 014A,014B,014B
Transport
Woolston has no train station of its own. The nearest railway stations are at the nineteenth-century Padgate Station and at the 1980s Birchwood Station, formerly Risley Halt. There are direct trains from these stations to Liverpool, Warrington Central, Manchester, Sheffield, York, and Newcastle upon Tyne. Passengers change at Warrington for Warrington Bank Quay Station, for main line services to London and the South-west, the Lake District, Scotland, Chester and North Wales.
Junction 21 of the M6 motorway lies to the east of Martinscroft.
The A57 to Manchester and Liverpool runs directly through the district. There is also a road running from the motorway past the Grange to Birchwood and Longbarn, two areas built in the 1970s during the New Town development.
Warrington Borough Transport (3, 4, 4A) and Warrington Coachways (104) provide local bus services to Warrington Town Centre, whilst First Greater Manchester operate an inter-urban service (100) to Manchester via Irlam and the Trafford Centre.
The Penny Ferry (now 24p) can be used to cross the Manchester Ship Canal to Thelwall. This is part-time service. If not available a detour can be made over the Latchford Locks.
Manchester Airport is the closest major airport to Woolston.
Public services
The area is served by an ante-natal clinic on Holes Lane and a GP doctors surgery located close by. There is also a new chiropractic clinic at Woolston Neighbourhood Hub.
Warrington's Direct Services are based in Woolston and provide services to the local community.
There are no local fire and police services. The nearest providers are at Risley Police Station and Birchwood Fire Station. Although there is a community police office located on the site of Dam lane shops.
Notable people
- It was the birthplace of Old Billy, the oldest horse that ever lived (1760–1822).
- Michael Adrian Hankinson O.S.B, Bishop of Port Louis, Mauritius - born in Warrington 1817, of a Woolston family.[16]
See also
Notes and references
Notes
- ↑ 'Townships: Woolston with Martinscroft', A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 3 (1907), pp331-334. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41341 Date accessed: 19 September 2014
- ↑ Youngs (1991, p. 646)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Youngs (1991, p. 214)
- ↑ Youngs (1991, pp. 214, 683, 689)
- ↑ Youngs (1991, pp. 214, 689)
- ↑ Youngs (1991, pp. 214, 676)
- ↑ Youngs (1991, pp. 42, 214, 646, 677, 689)
- ↑ "Lieutenancies Act 1997 (c. 23), Schedule 1, page 2". Office of Public Sector Information. Retrieved 25 October 2008. This official UK government document clearly implies in part 2 (c) and in the absence of any mention of Cheshire in any of the other sections that the lieutenancy covers the area that was said to be Cheshire under the Local Government Act 1972.
- ↑ "Boundary of the Cheshire Lieutenancy" (PDF). www.cheshire.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2012.
- ↑ "Northern Area: Your Policing" (PDF). Cheshire Police. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- ↑ "Cheshire Fire and Rescue Service: About Us". Cheshire Fire and Rescue Service. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 'Townships: Woolston with Martinscroft', A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 3 (1907), pp331-334. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41341 Date accessed: 19 September 2014
- ↑ http://www.stmartinsmethodist.org.uk/st-martins-history/
- ↑ http://www.theascensionwoolston.org/History%20of%20the%20Church%20in%20Woolston2.html
- ↑ Office for National Statistics : Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Warrington Retrieved 6 December 2009
- ↑ 'The Parish of Warrington: Introduction, church and charities', A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 3 (1907), pp304-316. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41337 Date accessed: 19 September 2014
Bibliography
- Youngs, F. A. (1991). Guide to the local administrative units of England. Volume II: Northern England. London: Royal Historical Society. ISBN 0-86193-127-0.
- A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 3 (1907) URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/source.aspx?pubid=289 Date accessed: 19 September 2014
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