Watford Junction railway station

Watford Junction
Station entrance
Watford Junction Location of Watford Junction in Hertfordshire
Location	Watford
Local authority	Borough of Watford
Managed by	London Midland
Owner	Network Rail
Station code	WFJ
DfT category	B
Number of platforms	10
Accessible	Yes [1]
Fare zone	W
National Rail annual entry and exit
2007–08	4.445 million[2]
— interchange	0.549 million[2]
2008–09	3.558 million[2]
— interchange	0.451 million[2]
2009–10	3.564 million[2]
— interchange	0.363 million[2]
2010–11	4.822 million[2]
— interchange	0.411 million[2]
2011–12	5.184 million[2]
— interchange	0.539 million[2]
2012–13	6.092 million[2]
— interchange	0.545 million[2]
2013–14	6.413 million[2]
— interchange	0.562 million[2]
Key dates
20 July 1837	Original station - Watford - opened.[3]
5 May 1858	Station relocated and renamed as Watford Junction[3]
1909	Rebuilt
1980s	Refurbished throughout
Other information
Lists of stations	DLR Underground National Rail Tramlink
External links	Departures Layout Facilities Buses
London Transport portal UK Railways portalCoordinates: 51°39′49″N 0°23′45″W / 51.6635°N 0.3958°W / 51.6635; -0.3958

Watford Junction railway station is a railway station that serves Watford, Hertfordshire. The station is on the West Coast Main Line (WCML) to London Euston and the Abbey Line, a branch line to St Albans. Journeys to London take between 16 and 52 minutes depending on the service used: shorter times on fast non-stop trains and slower on the stopping Watford DC line services. Trains also run to East Croydon and Clapham Junction via the West London Line. The station is a major hub for local bus services and the connecting station for buses to the Harry Potter studio tour.

History

The first railway station to open in Watford was situated on the west side of St Albans Road, approximately 200 metres (220 yd) further up the line from the present-day station. This small, single-storey red-brick building was built 1836-7 when the first section of the London and Birmingham Railway (L&BR) was opened between London and Boxmoor. The station provided first and second-class waiting rooms, a departure yard, a carriage shed and engine house. The platforms were situated in a deep cutting which was accessed via a staircase.^[4] In its 21 years of operation it also served as a station for royalty; in the short period when the Dowager Queen Adelaide was resident at Cassiobury House (c.1846-49), this station was remodelled to provide her with a royal waiting room, and it was also reportedly used by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert on a trip to visit Sir Robert Peel in November 1843, when they travelled by road from Windsor Castle to take a train from Watford to Tamworth.^[5] The old station closed when it was replaced by a new, larger station , which opened on 5 May 1858. The new Watford Junction station was located south of St Albans Road in order to accommodate the newly-constructed branch line to St Albans. The junction station was rebuilt in 1909, and was extensively redeveloped in the 1980s. The Grade-II-listed Old Station House still stands at 147A St Albans Road, a rare surviving example of architecture from the beginning of the railway age, and today the building is occupied by a second-hand car dealership.^[6]

In 1862, the Watford and Rickmansworth Railway opened a route from Watford to Rickmansworth (Church Street). Now mostly closed, this route began by running south and west to a more central station on Watford's High Street, which remains in use.

From 1846, the L&BR was absorbed into the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) and Watford Junction was now run by this large, ambitious company. Seeking to compete with local buses and trams, the LNWR built an additional electrified suburban line from Euston to Watford in the early years of the 20th century, now known as the Watford DC Line. This looped away from the main line around Watford to run through the High Street station. A second suburban branch line was also built from High Street west towards Croxley Green to serve new housing developments in the area. Both branches were later electrified as part of this improvement plan, on the same DC four-rail system. The Rickmansworth branch was connected to the Main Line via two through platforms with a junction to the north; these platforms have since been partly built over and their remaining southern sections form part of the DC line terminus. At one time tube-style trains were used on the branches to counter the low voltage caused by the lack of a sub-station near Rickmansworth.

The Bakerloo line was extended to Watford Junction in 1917, giving a shared service with mainline electric trains which served Euston and Broad Street stations. However, since 1982^[7] the line north of Harrow & Wealdstone has only been served by what is now the London Overground service from Euston station; this service uses these DC lines for its "all stations" local service.

Oyster Card capability was extended to this station on 11 November 2007 on both the London Overground and Southern. It was extended to London Midland services on 18 November 2007. However, the station is outside London fare zones 1–9 and special fares apply.

With the electrification of the entire West London Line in the 1990s, it became practical to run express services from Watford Junction to Clapham Junction, allowing passengers to cross London without changing trains. Southern rail now operate a service from Milton Keynes through Watford to East Croydon with connections to Brighton and Gatwick.

Motive power depot

The LNWR built a locomotive depot at the station in 1856, which was replaced by a larger building in 1872, and further enlarged in 1890. It was closed by British Railways in March 1965.^[8]

Redevelopment

In 1984 the Victorian station buildings were demolished and the station was rebuilt in a modern architectural style with a travel centre and a large office block above the station which is occupied by the lorry and bus manufacturing company Iveco. Some 19th-century waiting rooms survived, but were finally demolished in 1987.^[9] To enlarge the car park and provide more space, the St. Albans branch line was realigned northwards, with the original St. Albans platforms becoming a single terminating bay now mostly used by Southern services.

The station forecourt was extensively remodelled in 2013; the horseshoe-shaped taxi rank was moved to the side of the building, creating a larger pedestrian area in front of the station entrance, and the bus station enlarged. Due to problems with the road layout, buses were unable to gain access to the bus station, and there were problems with access to the relocated car park. London Midland are considering revising the design.^[10]

Further redevelopment of the station and its surroundings is planned for the next 10 years. They may be delayed because the redevelopment of Watford Junction has been placed within the Pre-Qualification pool of proposed schemes by the Department for Transport.

Accidents & incidents

1954 accident

1954 Watford Junction derailment
Accident summary Details Date 3 February 1954 Location Watford Junction railway station Country England Rail line West Coast Main Line Operator British Railways Type of incident Derailment Cause Broken rail Statistics Trains 2 Injuries 15 List of UK rail accidents by year

On 3 February 1954, an express passenger train became derailed in Watford Tunnel due to a broken rail. The last three carriages became divided from the train as it entered the station. One of them ended up on the platform. A passing express passenger train grazed the wreckage but only received minor damage. Fifteen people were injured.^[11]

1975 accident

1975 Watford Junction rail crash
Accident summary Details Date 23 January 1975 Time 23:30 Location Watford Junction railway station Country England Rail line West Coast Main Line Operator British Rail Cause Obstruction on line Statistics Trains 2 Deaths 1 Injuries 11 List of UK rail accidents by year

On 23 January 1975, an express train from Manchester to Euston derailed just south of Watford Junction after striking some stillages that had fallen on to the track. It then collided with a sleeper service from Euston to Glasgow. The driver of the Manchester train was killed, and eight passengers and three railway staff injured. The stillages had fallen from a Ford company goods train that had passed the station a few minutes earlier, conveying car parts from Dagenham to Halewood. Although the wagons of the goods train were sealed on departure from Dagenham, three were found to have open doors when the train was inspected after the accident. The official enquiry ruled that the doors had been forced by thieves or vandals, probably when the train was standing at Gospel Oak.^[12]

2014 incident

On 26 October 2014, a Class 350 electric multiple unit on the 06:42 service from Milton Keynes Central to London Euston, operated by London Midland struck the door of a lineside equipment cabinet and suffered damage to a set of doors, however, no-one was killed or injured. The RAIB is currently investigating the incident.^[13]

Services

The station is staffed by dispatch staff for London Midland; London Overground also maintain a Traincrew Depot here. Overground use only platforms 1-4 but also have a link onto platform 6 to be used for stock movements via the WCML to/from London Euston.

Off peak weekday service in trains per hour is:

• Southern using Class 377 Electrostars in five-coach or eight-coach formation:
  • 1 to Milton Keynes Central, calling at Hemel Hempstead, Berkhamsted, Tring, Leighton Buzzard, Bletchley, and Milton Keynes from platform 8.
  • 1 to South Croydon, calling at Harrow & Wealdstone, Wembley Central, Shepherds Bush, Kensington Olympia, West Brompton, Imperial Wharf, Clapham Junction, Wandsworth Common, Balham, Streatham Common, Norbury, Thornton Heath, Selhurst, East Croydon and South Croydon from platforms 9 or 10.
• London Overground using Class 378 Capitalstars, in four-coach formation:
  • 3 to London Euston, calling at Watford High Street, Bushey, Carpenders Park, Hatch End, Headstone Lane, Harrow & Wealdstone, Kenton, South Kenton, North Wembley, Wembley Central, Stonebridge Park, Harlesden, Willesden Junction, Kensal Green, Queen's Park, Kilburn High Road, South Hampstead & London Euston. These trains can use platforms 1 to 4. Platform 1 is usually used to stable a train. Most trains are timetabled only into platforms 3 & 4. Platform 5 has had its track removed and is not signed anywhere in the station.
• London Midland:
  • 1 to London Euston, calling at Bushey, Harrow & Wealdstone and London Euston from platform 9.
  • 1 to London Euston, calling at Bushey, Harrow & Wealdstone, Wembley Central and London Euston from platform 9.
  • 3 non-stop to London Euston from platforms 7 or 9.
  • 2 to Tring, calling at Kings Langley, Apsley, Hemel Hempstead, Berkhamsted, and Tring from platform 8.
  • 1 to Northampton, calling at Hemel Hempstead, Berkhamsted, Leighton Buzzard, Bletchley, Milton Keynes Central, Wolverton and Northampton from platform 8.
  • 1 to Birmingham New Street, calling at Milton Keynes Central, Northampton, Rugby, Coventry, Tile Hill, Hampton-in-Arden, Birmingham International, Marston Green and Birmingham New Street from platform 6.
  • 1 to Milton Keynes Central, calling at Hemel Hempstead, Berkhamsted, Tring, Cheddington, Leighton Buzzard, Bletchley, and Milton Keynes Central from platform 8.
    • Operated by Class 350 Desiros, and are usually formed of four, eight or twelve coaches.
  • 1 train every 45 minutes to St Albans Abbey, calling at Watford North, Garston, Bricket Wood, How Wood, Park Street, and St Albans Abbey from platform 11
    • Always operated by a four car class 321

Virgin Trains also operate at this station with one train per hour picking-up only northbound to Birmingham New Street with peak services extended to Wolverhampton. These services also stop on returning southbound but for set-down only. Morning peak and evening peak Virgin services also run to/from Liverpool Lime St, Glasgow Central, Preston and Manchester Piccadilly, and one service Saturday morning to/from Holyhead.

Preceding station		London Overground		Following station
Terminus		Watford DC Line		Watford High Street towards Euston
	National Rail
London Euston		Caledonian Sleeper Highland Caledonian Sleeper (northbound only)		Crewe
Carlisle		Caledonian Sleeper Lowland Caledonian Sleeper		London Euston
Milton Keynes Central		London Midland London - Crewe/Birmingham		London Euston
Kings Langley or Hemel Hempstead		London Midland London-Tring/Milton Keynes Central/Northampton/Birmingham		Bushey or Harrow & Wealdstone or London Euston
Watford North		London Midland Abbey Line		Terminus
Hemel Hempstead or Terminus		Southern Milton Keynes-South Croydon		Harrow & Wealdstone
Milton Keynes Central or Rugby or Coventry		Virgin Trains London-West Midlands		London Euston
Crewe		Virgin Trains London-Holyhead		London Euston
Milton Keynes Central or Rugby		Virgin Trains West Coast Main Line		London Euston
Rugby or Coventry		Virgin Trains London Euston-Shrewsbury		London Euston
	Historical railways
Preceding station		London Underground		Following station
Terminus		Bakerloo line (1917-1982)		Watford High Street towards Elephant & Castle
	National Rail
Terminus		British Rail Rickmansworth Branch		Watford High Street
Terminus		Network SouthEast Croxley Green Branch		Watford High Street
	Future Route
Preceding station		London Underground		Following station
Terminus		Metropolitan line Croxley Rail Link		Watford High Street towards Baker Street or Aldgate

Platforms

Platform Usage:

• Platforms 1-4: Bay platforms for the three trains per hour London Overground Service (Watford DC Line) to London Euston calling at all stations
• Platform 6: For the hourly Virgin trains service to Birmingham New Street and fast London Midland services northbound.
• Platform 7: For fast London Midland services to London Euston and Virgin services only to set down.
• Platform 8: For slow and semi-fast London Midland services northbound and Southern services to Milton Keynes usually from East Croydon or South Croydon and additional services from Clapham Junction, Balham, Selhurst and Kensington Olympia
• Platform 9: For slow, semi-fast and fast London Midland services to London Euston, and Southern services to East Croydon or South Croydon and additional services to Kensington Olympia, Selhurst, Balham and Clapham Junction.
• Platform 10: For terminating Southern services to and from Kensington Olympia and Clapham Junction in peak hours and on Sundays. There are additional terminating services to and from East Croydon, Balham, Selhurst and South Croydon on weekdays. London Midland operate 2 trains on weekdays at 07:55 and 08:15 to London Euston in the morning, whilst one train terminates from London Euston at 17:55
• Platform 11: Used for the service every 45 minutes to St Albans Abbey. It is limited to four coaches.

Platform 5 was used by the Bakerloo line services of the London Underground until 1982, and removed as part of the subsequent major rebuild.

Connections

Local buses run to destinations including Heathrow Airport, Stanmore, Uxbridge and Brent Cross in London, Amersham, Chesham and High Wycombe in Buckinghamshire, Hatfield, Harpenden and Hertford in Hertfordshire, Luton Airport in Bedfordshire and Harlow in Essex.

Specific routes include London bus routes 142, 258 and non-London routes W7, 306, and 5, 6A, 6D, 8, 10, 41, 80, GE3, R8, W1, W2, W20 and W19.

Green Line route 724 stops in the station forecourt. It runs directly to St Albans and Harlow from Stop 2 and to Heathrow Terminal 5 via Heathrow Central and Rickmansworth station from stops 5/6.

Future developments

Watford Junction station area improvements

There are plans to upgrade the station and its access points. The scheme includes a new multi storey car park and a new access road to the station, connecting the A412 to Colonial Way and thus to the A4008 M1 link road.^[14]

This scheme is currently in the Pre-Qualification pool, where to achieve funding a case for selection must be submitted and if successful the Watford Station redevelopments will be moved into the Development Pool where more than 24 transport projects will compete for about £600 million.^[15]

Croxley Rail Link

The planned Croxley Rail Link, currently under construction, will divert the Metropolitan line's Watford branch via the disused Croxley Green branch to terminate at Watford Junction. It is expected to open to passenger service in 2018.^[16]

Abbey Line tram

On 30 October 2009 the then Secretary of State for Transport (Lord Adonis) announced a plan for Hertfordshire County Council to lease the Abbey Line from Network Rail and for the line to be operated using tram-train vehicles.^[17] If the plan had proceeded, light rail services would have run from Watford Junction to St Albans Abbey from 2011 with possible extensions into St Albans city centre with on-street running, possibly as far as St Albans City railway station, and the possible re-instatement of the line to Hatfield.^[18] The plans were formally dropped in 2013 ^[19]

Proposed developments

West London Line improvement

The London and South East Route Utilisation Strategy document published by Network Rail in July 2011 makes several suggestions for improving services to and from Watford Junction, to link the West London Line more effectively with the WCML and to 'free up' platform space at London Euston with the anticipation of High Speed 2.^[21]

Assuming the ongoing increase in demand on the orbital route between Watford Junction and the West London Line, a significant increase of peak capacity services is needed, as the current service forms the only link between the Watford Junction and Kensington Olympia corridors. This proposal suggests increasing West London Line – Watford Junction/Milton Keynes Central peak service to three tph and increasing present off peak services from an hour to every 30 minutes as well as suggesting extending Southern trains from 4 car to 8 car to help ease over-crowding further.^[21]

Crossrail

The 2011 London & South East Rail Utilisation Strategy also made recommendations for the Crossrail lines now under construction in central London to be extended northwards into Hertfordshire via Watford Junction, with Tring or Milton Keynes identified as potential termini.^[20] The report recommends the addition of a tunnel in the vicinity of a proposed station at Old Oak Common connecting the Crossrail route to the West Coast Mainline. The diversion of rail services through central London would enable a direct link from stations such as Watford Junction to West End stations such as Tottenham Court Road and would alleviate congestion at Euston station; Crossrail services currently planned to terminate at Paddington due to capacity constraints would also be able to continue further east, allowing for a more efficient use of the line. This proposal has not been officially confirmed or funded, although an announcement made in August 2014 by the transport secretary Patrick McLoughlin indicated that the government was actively evaluating the possibility of extending Crossrail as far as Tring and Milton Keynes Central.^[22]

London Euston/Watford-Aylesbury services

The rail operator Chiltern Railways proposed in 2008 that a new east-west direct rail route from Watford Junction to Aylesbury could be operated via the new Croxley Rail Link and the northern section of the London to Aylesbury Line.^[23] The proposal, or a connection from Aylesbury to London Euston, has been supported by the transport advocacy group Greengauge 21.^[24] A 2006 report by Hertfordshire County Council mentioned the possibility of a link running as far as Amersham.^[25]

See also

• Watford Underground station (Metropolitan line)
• Watford High Street (Watford DC Line)
• St Albans Branch Line

References

Notes

Sources

• Butt, R. V. J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations: details every public and private passenger station, halt, platform and stopping place, past and present (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-8526-0508-1. OCLC 60251199. 
• Jowett, Alan (March 1989). Jowett's Railway Atlas of Great Britain and Ireland: From Pre-Grouping to the Present Day (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-8526-0086-1. OCLC 22311137. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Watford Junction railway station .

• "Watford Locomotive Shed". 
• "Redevelopment plans". 
• "Abbey Line Community Rail Partnership". 
• "Public transport in Watford". 

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Railway stations in Hertfordshire Abbey Line: St Albans Abbey Park Street How Wood Bricket Wood Garston Watford North Watford Junction East Coast Main Line: (from Edinburgh Waverley) Hitchin Stevenage Knebworth Welwyn North Welwyn Garden City Hatfield Welham Green Brookmans Park Potters Bar (to London King's Cross) Hertford East Branch Line: Hertford East Ware St Margarets Rye House Broxbourne Hertford Loop Line: Stevenage Watton-at-Stone Hertford North Bayford Cuffley (to Moorgate) Cambridge Line: (from Cambridge) Royston (Ashwell and Morden) Baldock Letchworth Garden City Hitchin Lea Valley Lines: Cheshunt via Southbury (from London Liverpool Street) Theobalds Grove Cheshunt Hertford East via Tottenham Hale (from London Liverpool Street) Waltham Cross Cheshunt Broxbourne Rye House St Margarets Ware Hertford East London to Aylesbury Line: (from London Marylebone) Moor Park Rickmansworth Chorleywood (to Aylesbury Vale Parkway) Thameslink: (from Bedford) Harpenden St Albans City Radlett Elstree & Borehamwood (to Brighton) Watford DC Line: Watford Junction Watford High Street Bushey Carpenders Park (to London Euston) West Anglia Main Line: (from Cambridge) Bishop's Stortford Sawbridgeworth (Harlow Mill Harlow Town Roydon) Broxbourne Cheshunt (to London Liverpool Street) West Coast Main Line : (from London Euston) Bushey Watford Junction Apsley Kings Langley Hemel Hempstead Berkhamsted Tring (to Glasgow Central)

Thameslink, Great Northern, Southern and Southeastern routes Thameslink and Great Northern routes serving this station None Southern routes serving this station West London Line Milton Keynes Central Bletchley Leighton Buzzard Tring Berkhamsted Hemel Hempstead Watford Junction Harrow & Wealdstone Wembley Central Shepherd's Bush Kensington (Olympia) West Brompton Imperial Wharf Clapham Junction Wandsworth Common Balham Streatham Common Norbury Thornton Heath Selhurst East Croydon South Croydon Southeastern routes serving this station None Stations in italics are served on limited occasions, at peak hours or on Sundays only. Govia - National Rail - Thameslink and Great Northern - Southeastern - Southern - Gatwick Express - South West Trains