Wallace rule of nines

The Wallace rule of nines is a tool useful in the management of burns for estimating the total body surface area affected in adults.

A value of 9% BSA is given for involvement of the head, each arm, chest and abdomen, 18% for each leg and the back, and 1% for the groin.^[1]

References

↑ Hettiaratchy, S. Papini, R (July 2004). "ABC of burns: Initial management of a major burn: II—assessment and resuscitation". BMJ 329 (7457): 101–103. doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7457.101. PMID 15242917.

Injury	MSK Bone fracture Joint dislocation Degloving Soft tissue injury Resp Flail chest Pneumothorax Hemothorax Diaphragmatic rupture Pulmonary contusion Cardio Internal bleeding Thoracic aorta injury Cardiac tamponade GI Blunt kidney trauma Ruptured spleen Neuro Penetrating head injury Traumatic brain injury Intracranial hemorrhage

Mechanism	Blast injury Blunt trauma Burn Penetrating trauma Crush injury Stab wound Ballistic trauma Electrocution

Region	Abdominal trauma Chest trauma Facial trauma Head injury Spinal cord injury

Demographic	Geriatric trauma Pediatric trauma

Sequelae

Index of bones and cartilage

Description	Anatomy bones skull face neurocranium compound structures foramina upper extremity torso pelvis lower extremity Physiology Development Cells

Disease	Congenital Neoplasms and cancer Trauma fracture Other Symptoms and signs eponymous

Treatment	Procedures Drugs Surgery approaches

General wound/
trauma

abrasions	Abrasion Avulsion

blisters	Blister (Blood blister Coma blister Delayed blister Edema blister Fracture blister Friction blister Sucking blister)

bruises	Bruise/Hematoma/Ecchymosis Battle's sign Raccoon eyes Black eye Subungual hematoma Cullen's sign Grey Turner's sign Retroperitoneal hemorrhage

bites	Animal bite: Insect bite Spider bite

Other

By region

Index of skin

Description	Anatomy Physiology connective tissue Development

Disease	Infections by morphology Vesiculobullous Dermatitis and eczema factitial Papulosquamous Urticaria and erythema Radiation-related Pigmentation Mucinoses Keratosis, ulcer, atrophy, and necrobiosis Vasculitis Fat Neutrophilic and eosinophilic Congenital Neoplasms and cancer nevi and melanomas epidermis dermis Symptoms and signs eponymous Terminology

Treatment	Procedures Drugs antibiotics disinfectants emollients and protectives itch psoriasis other Wound and ulcer