Wadi al-Uyun

Wadi al-Uyun
وادي العيون
Wadi al-Oyun
Town

Roadside view of Wadi al-Oyun
Wadi al-Uyun

Location in Syria

Coordinates: 34°59′50″N 36°11′26″E / 34.99722°N 36.19056°ECoordinates: 34°59′50″N 36°11′26″E / 34.99722°N 36.19056°E
Country  Syria
Governorate Hama
District Masyaf
Subdistrict Wadi al-Uyun
Population (2004)[1]
 • Town 3,371
 • Metro 12,951

Wadi al-'Uyun (Arabic: وادي العيون‎, also spelled Wadi al-Oyun, Wady Aloyon or Wadi al-Ayun; transliteration: "Valley of the Springs") is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located west of Hama. Wadi al-'Uyun is spread over a large east-west area in the foothills of the Coastal Mountain Range, with built-up areas scattered on both sides of a valley with the same name. Elevations in the town vary between 450 and 900 meters above sea level.[2] Nearby localities include al-Shaykh Badr to the west, Brummanet al-Mashayekh to the northwest, al-Raqmah and Qadmus to the north, Rusafa, Masyaf and al-Bayda to the northeast, Birat al-Jurd and Ayn Halaqim to the southeast, Mashta al-Helu to the south, Duraykish to the southwest.[3]

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Wadi al-'Uyun had a population of 3,371 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of a nahiyah ("subdistrict") consisting of 21 localities with a combined population of 12,951 in 2004.[1] The inhabitants of the town are predominantly Alawites.[2][4]

Wadi al-'Uyun is a tourist attraction for Syrians. Visitors come for the area's scenery, including the numerous springs, waterfalls and the green algae, which heavily covers the rocks and floors of the area. The latter characteristic lends the area the alternative name of the "Green Hat." A distinguishing feature the waterfalls of Wadi al-'Uyun have as compared to similar sites throughout Syria is the visitors' ability to touch and play in the waterfall and climb up its rocks.[5]

History

The village and the valley in which it lies is known for numerous small springs, from which Wadi al-Uyun receives its name.[6] In 1832 when Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt conquered the Levant from the Ottoman Empire, he recruited a Druze force to subjugate the Alawites of the Coastal Mountain Range. However Alawite militias captured the Druze force and executed all 500 of them at a rock in Wadi al-Uyun. Until the present day, the place where they were killed is known as the "Blood Rock."[7]

In late September 2012, during the Syrian civil war, the deputy chief of staff of the rebel Free Syrian Army (FSA), Arif al-Hamud, stated that during a battle between rebels and pro-government forces in Darat Izza, near Aleppo, FSA fighters killed around 40 alleged members of the shabiha militia from Wadi al-'Uyun.[8] In early October 2012, the pan-Arab daily Al-Sharq al-Awsat reported that clashes had taken place in Wadi al-'Uyun between its Alawite residents and government forces. The report quoted opposition activists who stated the town's residents were angry with the government for the burial of several of its men who had died "in recent events." The residents accused the government of "killing their sons and embroiling them in the violent confrontations with the Syrian people."[2]

Localities of the subdistrict

The following villages make up the nahiyah ("subdistrict") of Wadi al-'Uyun.[1]

  • Wadi al-'Uyun 3,371 (Arabic: وادي العيون‎)
  • Birat al-Jurd 1,670 (Arabic: بيرة الجرد‎)
  • Kusayah 645 (Arabic: قصية‎)
  • Jabita 687 (Arabic: جبيتا‎)
  • Tamariqah 607 (Arabic: الطمارقية‎)
  • Dwyer al-Mashayekh 692 (Arabic: دوير المشايخ‎)
  • Sindiyana 621 (Arabic: السنديانة‎)
  • Beit Rakta 265 (Arabic: بيت رقطة‎)
  • Amiriya 402 (Arabic: العامرية‎)
  • Ain al-Karam 564 (Arabic: عين الكرم‎)
  • Kamelia 532 (Arabic: الكاملية‎)
  • Kafr Lagha 379 (Arabic: كفر لاها‎)
  • Ain Farraj 190 (Arabic: عين فراج‎)
  • Bashawi 253 (Arabic: بشاوي‎)
  • Braize 196 (Arabic: بريزة‎)
  • Beit al-Wadi 157 (Arabic: بيت الوادي‎)
  • Ain Beida 319 (Arabic: عين البيضا‎)
  • Zaytuna 304 (Arabic: الزيتونة‎)
  • Muesera 330 (Arabic: المعيصرة‎)
  • Nakir 389 (Arabic: نقير‎)
  • Markha 378 (Arabic: المرحة‎)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 General Census of Population and Housing 2004. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Hama Governorate. (Arabic)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Syrian activists report further clashes between Alawites, Al-Asad's forces. BBC Monitoring International Reports. 2012-10-23. Originally published by Al-Sharq al-Awsat. 2012-10-12.
  3. ↑ Wadi al 'Uyun Map. Mapcarta.
  4. ↑ The Middle East intelligence handbooks : 1943-1946. 1987, p. 348. Naval Intelligence Division of Great Britain, Archive Edition.
  5. ↑ Farhat, Amal. Wadi al-Oyoun Waterfalls: Attractive tourist site beautifully ornamented with green algae. The Syria Times. 2012-11-02.
  6. ↑ "Islam Today" (12). al-Munaẓẓamah al-Islāmīyah lil-Tarbiyah wa-al-ʻUlūm wa-al-Thaqāfah. 1994.
  7. ↑ Moosa, 1987, p. 277.
  8. ↑ Syria: Hezbollah training Alawite elite force. Al-Sharq al-Awsat. 2012-09-30.

Bibliography

  • Moosa, Matti (1987). Extremist Shiites: The Ghulat Sects. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 0-8156-2411-5.