Volvarina

Volvarina
The shell of a Volvarina species
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Caenogastropoda cladeHypsogastropoda clade Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Muricoidea
Family:	Marginellidae
Subfamily:	Marginellinae
Genus:	Volvarina Hinds, 1844
Type species
Marginella nitida Hinds, R.B., 1844
Synonyms[1]
Haloginella Laseron, 1957 Marginella (Haloginella) Laseron, 1957 Marginella (Volvaria) Lamarck, 1801 Marginella (Volvarina) Hinds, 1844 Volvaria Jousseaume, 1875 Volvoria Jousseaume, 1875

Volvarina is a genus of small to very small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells.^[1]

The difference between the genera Volvarina and Prunum is not clearly delineated and is based on morphological differences in the shells. Larger species with a strong callus are classified under Prunum, while the slender species with a thin callus are classified under Volvarina. Many species with characteristics that fall between the two extremes are ambiguous. Until at least 2010 there was no phylogenetic analysis to substantiate this classification.^[1]

Species

Species within the genus Volvarina include:^[1]

Species brought into synonymy

• Volvarina abbotti De Jong & Coomans, 1988: synonym of Plesiocystiscus abbotti (De Jong & Coomans, 1988)
• Volvarina ambigua (Bavay in Dautzenberg, 1912): synonym of Volvarina ampelusica Monterosato, 1906
• Volvarina amphorale (de Souza, 1992): synonym of Prunum amphorale de Souza, 1992
• Volvarina amydrozona (Melvill, 1906): synonym of Balanetta amydrozona (Melvill, 1906)
• Volvarina avenacea auct.: synonym of Prunum bellulum (Dall, 1890)
• Volvarina bahiensis (Tomlin, 1917): synonym of Prunum bahiense'' (Tomlin, 1917)
• Volvarina biannulata auct.: synonym of Volvarina bilineata (Krauss, 1848)
• Volvarina bibalteata Reeve, 1865: synonym of Volvarina gracilis (C. B. Adams, 1851)
• Volvarina bouvieri Jousseaume, 1877: synonym of Volvarina mediocincta (E. A. Smith, 1875)
• Volvarina californica Tomlin, 1916: synonym of Volvarina taeniolata Mörch, 1860
• Volvarina canilla (Dall, 1927): synonym of Prunum canilla (Dall, 1927)
• Volvarina cessaci Jousseaume, 1881: synonym of Volvarina taeniata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1846)
• Volvarina cleo (Bartsch, 1915): synonym of Volvarina bilineata (Krauss, 1848)
• Volvarina columnaria (Hedley & May, 1908): synonym of Hydroginella columnaria (Hedley & May, 1908)
• Volvarina curta Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Volvarina mitrella (Risso, 1826)
• Volvarina cylindrica (G. B. Sowerby II, 1846): synonym of Hyalina cylindrica (Sowerby II, 1846)
• Volvarina dawnae Lussi & G. Smith, 1996: synonym of Volvarina adela (Thiele, 1925)
• Volvarina elongata Pease, 1868: synonym of Volvarina elliptica (Redfield, 1870)
• Volvarina fortunata Clover & Macca, 1990: synonym of Prunum fortunatum (Clover & Macca, 1990)
• Volvarina fulva Bavay, 1913: synonym of Volvarina serrei (Bavay, 1913)
• Volvarina fusca (Sowerby II, 1846): synonym of Volvarina exilis (Gmelin, 1791)
• Volvarina fusiformis Reeve, 1865: synonym of Volvarina unilineata (Jousseaume, 1875)
• Volvarina germaini Bavay, 1913: synonym of Volvarina serrei (Bavay, 1913)
• Volvarina guttula Reeve, 1865: synonym of Volvarina southwicki (Davis, 1904)
• Volvarina hahni Mabille, 1884: synonym of Volvarina warrenii (Marrat, 1876)
• Volvarina inconspicua G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874: synonym of Volvarina nevilli (Jousseaume, 1875)
• Volvarina inepta (Dall, 1927): synonym of Hyalina discors (Roth, 1974)
• Volvarina infans Reeve, 1865: synonym of Volvarina corusca (Reeve, 1865)
• Volvarina julia Thiele, 1925: synonym of Alaginella atracta (Tomlin, 1918)
• Volvarina lactea (Kiener, 1841): synonym of Volvarina abbreviata (C. B. Adams, 1850)
• Volvarina livida Reeve, 1865: synonym of Volvarina avena (Kiener, 1834)
• Volvarina lucida (Marrat, 1877): synonym of Hyalina lucida (Marrat, 1877)
• Volvarina maoriana (Powell, 1932): synonym of Serrata maoriana (Powell, 1932)
• Volvarina meta Thiele, 1925: synonym of Alaginella atracta (Tomlin, 1918)
• Volvarina mixta (Petterd, 1884): synonym of Hydroginella mixta (Petterd, 1884)
• Volvarina modulata (Laseron, 1957): synonym of Mesoginella modulata (Laseron, 1957)
• Volvarina mustelina (Angas, 1871): synonym of Serrata mustelina (Angas, 1871)
• Volvarina olivaeformis (Kiener, 1834): synonym of Prunum olivaeforme'' (Kiener, 1834)
• Volvarina parallela Dall, 1918: synonym of Volvarina taeniolata Mörch, 1860
• Volvarina parviginella Espinosa & Ortea, 2006: synonym of Marigordiella parviginella (Espinosa & Ortea, 2006)
• Volvarina patagonica Martens, 1881: synonym of Volvarina warrenii (Marrat, 1876)
• Volvarina paula Thiele, 1925: synonym of Alaginella atracta (Tomlin, 1918)
• Volvarina paxillus (Reeve, 1865): synonym of Volvarina attenuata (Reeve, 1865)
• Volvarina pellucida Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of Serrata mustelina (Angas, 1871)
• Volvarina pergrandis Clover, 1974: synonym of Prunum pergrande (Clover, 1974)
• Volvarina quadriplicata Risso, 1826: synonym of Volvarina mitrella (Risso, 1826)
• Volvarina quadripunctata (Locard, 1897): synonym of Volvarina taeniata (G. B. Sowerby II, 1846)
• Volvarina redfieldii (Tryon, 1883): synonym of Prunum redfieldii (Tryon, 1883)
• Volvarina rubrifasciata Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Serrata fasciata (Sowerby II, 1846)
• Volvarina rufescens Reeve, 1865: synonym of Volvarina exilis (Gmelin, 1791)
• Volvarina serrata (Gaskoin, 1849): synonym of Serrata serrata (Gaskoin, 1849)
• Volvarina simeri Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Volvarina exilis (Gmelin, 1791)
• Volvarina sordida (Reeve, 1865): synonym of Serrata delessertiana (Récluz, 1841)
• Volvarina stanislas Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of Serrata mustelina (Angas, 1871)
• Volvarina superstes (Laseron, 1957): synonym of Hydroginella superstes (Laseron, 1957)
• Volvarina tenuilabra (Tomlin, 1917): synonym of Hyalina pallida (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Volvarina torticulum (Dall, 1881): synonym of Prunum torticulum'' (Dall, 1881)
• Volvarina trailli (Reeve, 1865): synonym of Cryptospira trailli (Reeve, 1865)
• Volvarina tribalteata Reeve, 1865: synonym of Volvarina exilis (Gmelin, 1791)
• Volvarina tridentata (Tate, 1878): synonym of Hydroginella tridentata (Tate, 1878)
• Volvarina umlaasensis Lussi & G. Smith, 1996: synonym of Alaginella umlaasensis (Lussi & G. Smith, 1996)
• Volvarina veliei (Pilsbry, 1896): synonym of Prunum succineum (Conrad, 1846)
• Volvarina vermiculata Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Volvarina avena (Kiener, 1834)
• Volvarina vincentiana (Cotton, 1944): synonym of Hydroginella vincentiana (Cotton, 1944)

References

• "Volvarina". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. 
• Boyer, Franck
  • 2000. The genus Volvarina (Volutacea : Marginellidae) in Brazil. Part 1 : revision of the species described by A. Bavay, and closely related species. Novapex 1(2):35-55.
  • 2001. Two Volvarina (Marginellidae) from deep waters off Northern Honduras. Novapex 2(1):3-8.
• Cossignani T. (2006). Marginellidae & Cystiscidae of the World. L'Informatore Piceno. 408pp