Voiced retroflex affricate

Voiced retroflex affricate
ɖ͡ʐ
d͡ʐ
IPA number 106 (137)
Encoding
Entity (decimal) ɖ͡ʐ
Unicode (hex) U+0256U+0361U+0290
X-SAMPA dz`
Kirshenbaum dz.
Sound
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The voiced retroflex affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɖ͡ʐ, sometimes simplified to .[1] It occurs in such languages as Polish (the laminal affricate ) and Northwest Caucasian languages (apical).

Some scolars transcribe the laminal variant of this sound as /d͡ʒ/, even though it is not palatalized. In such cases the voiced palato-alveolar affricate is transcribed /d͡ʒʲ/.

Features

Features of the voiced retroflex affricate:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Belarusian лічба [lʲiɖ͡ʐbä] 'number' Laminal. See Belarusian phonology
Polish Standard[2][3] em  [ɖ͡ʐɛm]  'jam' Laminal; it's transcribed /d͡ʒ/ by most Polish scolars. See Polish phonology
Southeastern Cuyavian dialects[4] dzwon [ɖ͡ʐvɔn̪] 'bell' Some speakers. It's a result of hypercorrecting the more popular merger of /ɖ͡ʐ/ and /d͡z/ into [d͡z].
Suwałki dialect[5]
Northern Qiang vvdhe [ʁɖ͡ʐə] 'star'
Russian[3][6] джем  [ɖ͡ʐɛm]  'jam' Laminal. It's a very rare variant, and it's usually pronounced as 2 dedicated sounds: [dʐ]. See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian џем / em [ɖ͡ʐê̞m] 'jam' Laminal. It may be palato-alveolar instead, depending on the dialect. See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Slovak[7] ús [ɖ͡ʐuːs] 'juice' Laminal.
Torwali[8] ? [ɖ͡ʐiɡ̥] 'long' Contrasts with a palatal affricate.
Yi rry [ɖ͡ʐɪ˧] 'tooth'

See also

References

Bibliography