Vishnu sahasranama
Vishnusahasranama manuscript, ca1690.
The Vishnusahasranama (Sanskrit Viṣṇusahasranāma, a tatpurusha compound translating literally to "the thousand names of Vishnu") is a list of 1,000 names (sahasranama) of Vishnu, one of the main forms of God in Hinduism and the personal supreme God for Vaishnavas (followers of Vishnu). It is also one of the most sacred and commonly chanted stotras in Hinduism. The Vishnusahasranama as found in the Anushasana Parva[1] of the Mahabharata is the most popular version of the 1,000 names of Vishnu. Another version exists in the Padma Purana and Matsya Purana. Each name eulogizes one of His countless great attributes.
The VishnuSahasranāma has been the subject of numerous commentaries. Adi Shankaracharya wrote a definitive commentary on the sahasranāma in the 8th century which has been particularly influential for many schools of Hinduism even today. Parasara Bhattar, a follower of Ramanujacharya wrote a commentary in the 12th century, detailing the names of Vishnu from a Vishishtadvaita perspective. Madhvacharya asserted that each name in the sahasranama has a minimum of 100 meanings.
Background
According to the 149th chapter of Anushāsanaparva (verses 14 to 120) in the epic Mahabharata, the names were handed down to Yudhisthira by the famous warrior Bhishma who was on his death bed (of arrows) in the battlefield of Kurukshetra. Yudhisthira asks Bhishma the following questions:[2][3]
| “ | kimekam daivatam loke kim vāpyekam parāyaṇam stuvantaḥ kam kamarcantaḥ prāpnuyurmānavāḥ śubham ko dharmaḥ sarva dharmāṇām bhavataḥ paramo mataḥ kim japan mucyate jantuḥ janmasamsārabandhanāt |
” |
In this universe Who is the one (ekam) refuge (parāyaṇam) for all? Who (kim) is the greatest (ekam) Lord (daivatam) in the world (loke)? By eulogising (sthuvantaḥ) whom (kam) can a person (mānavāḥ) reach auspiciousness (śubham) (peace and prosperity)? By worshipping (archantaḥ) whom can a person reach auspiciousness (peace and prosperity)? What (kah) is, in thy opinion, the Greatest Dharma of all Dharmas? By (kim) chanting whose name, can a "creature" (jantuh) proceed beyond (muchyate) the bonds (bandhanāt) of samsāra?
Bhisma answers by stating that mankind will be free from all sorrows by chanting the "Vishnusahasranāma", which are the thousand names of the all-pervading Supreme Being Vishnu, who is the master of all the worlds, the supreme light, the essence of the universe and who is Brahman. All matter animate and inanimate reside in him, and he in turn resides within all matter.
Etymology
In Sanskrit, sahasra means "a thousand" and nāma (nominative, the stem is nāman-) means "name". The compound is of the Bahuvrihi type and may be translated as "having a thousand names". In modern Hindi pronunciation, nāma is pronounced [na:m]. It is also pronounced sahasranāmam in South India.
Interpretations
There are Sahasranāma for many forms of God (Vishnu, Shiva, Ganesha, Shakti, and others). The Vishnu Sahasranāma is popular among common Hindus, and a major part of prayer for devout Vaishnavas, or followers of Vishnu. While Vaishanvas venerate other deities, they believe that the universe, including the other divinities such as Shiva and Devi, is ultimately a manifestation of the Supreme Lord Vishnu. Followers of Shaivism similarly give prominence to Shiva. Interestingly, despite the existence of other sahasranamas of other forms of God, referring a sahasranama as "The Sahasranama," generally refers to the Vishnu Sahasranama alone, thereby indicating its wide popularity and use. .[5]
Smarta interpretations
Two of the names in Vishnusahasranama that refer to Shiva are "Shiva" (names # 27 and # 600 in Adi Sankara's commentary) itself, "Shambhu" (name # 38), "Ishanah" (name #6 4), and "Rudra" (name # 114). Most notably, Adi Shankara, according to one interpretation, has not interpreted these to mean that the deity Shiva and the deity Vishnu are the same.[6] Specifically, he asserts that the deity Vishnu is Brahman itself (not just an aspect of Brahmam).[7] Again, he notes that "only Hari (Vishnu) is eulogized by names such as Shiva",[8] a position consistent with interpretations of the Srivaishnavite commentator Parasara Bhattar. Parasara Bhattar had interpreted Shiva to mean a quality of Vishnu, such as "One who bestows auspiciousness.".[9] In fact, the Shri Rudram, a sacred prayer for Hindus and devotees of Shiva in particular, describes Vishnu as an aspect of Shiva in the fifth anuvaka.
However, this interpretation of the name Shiva has been challenged by Swami Tapasyananda's translation of Sankara's commentary on the Vishnusahasranama.[10] He translates the 27th name, Shiva to mean:"One who is not affected by the three Gunas of Prakrti, Sattva, Rajas,and Tamas; The Kaivalaya Upanishad says, "He is both Brahma and Shiva." In the light of this statement of non-difference between Shiva and Vishnu, it is Vishnu Himself Who Is exalted by the praise and worship of Shiva." [10] Based on this commonly held Advaitan point of view which has been adopted by Smartas, Vishnu and Shiva are viewed as one and the same God, being different aspects of preservation and destruction respectively. As many Sanskrit words have multiple meanings, it is possible that both Vishnu and Shiva share names in this instance, e.g., the name Shiva itself means "auspicious"[11] which could also apply to Vishnu. The Deities Ananthapadmanabha and Shankaranarayana are worshipped by Hindus, as is Lord Panduranga Vitthala, a form of Lord Krishna with a Shiva Linga on his crown, signifying the oneness of both deities.
Vaishnava interpretations
However, the Vaishnava commentator, Parasara Bhattar, a follower of Ramanujacharya has interpreted the names "Shiva" and "Rudra" in Vishnu sahasranama to mean qualities or attributes of Vishnu, and not to indicate that Vishnu and Shiva are one and the same God. Vaishnavas worship Vishnu in his four-armed form, carrying conch, disc, flower and mace in his hands, believing that to be the Supreme form. However, Smarthas do not subscribe to this aspect or personification of God, as Smarthas say that God is pure and thus devoid of form. Additionally, they believe that God is not limited by time nor limited by shape and color. Vaishnava traditions are of the opinion that Vishnu is both unlimited and yet still capable of having specific forms, as to give arguments to the contrary (to say that God is incapable of having a form) is to limit the unlimitable and all-powerful Supreme.
In the Sri Vaishnava tradition, the Bhagavad-gita and the Vishnu Sahasranama are considered the two eyes of spiritual revelation.
In other Vaishnava traditions too, the Vishnu Sahasranama is considered an important text. Within Gaudiya Vaishnavism, Vallabha sampradaya, Nimbarka sampradaya and among Ramanandis, the chanting of the names of Krishna and Rama to be superior to that of Vishnu. Based on another verse in the Padma Purana which says that the benefit of chanting the one thousand names of Vishnu can be derived from chanting one name of Rama, and a verse in the Brahma Vaivarta Purana equating the benefit of chanting three names of Rama with one name of Krishna. However, it is important to realize that those verses in those puranas are not to be interpreted literally, as many believe that there is no difference between Vishnu and Krishna. This theological difference can be expressed as follows: Many Vaishnava groups recognize Krishna as an Avatar of Vishnu, while others, instead, consider Him to be svayam bhagavan, or the original form of the Lord. Yet these verses can be interpreted as it is more important to have pure bhakti or devotion than merely repeating the many names of God without emotion. Indeed, Shri Krishna Himself said, "Arjuna, One may be desirous of praising by reciting the thousand names. But, on my part, I feel praised by one shloka. There is no doubt about it.” [12]
Within Vaisnavism some groups, such as Sri sampradaya, adhere to and follow the Rig Veda: V.I.15b.3, which states "O ye who wish to gain realization of the supreme truth, utter the name of Vishnu at least once in the steadfast faith that it will lead you to such realization." [13]
Sandhya Interpretration
Sandhyavandanam in many traditions includes the assertion that Shiva and Vishnu are one and the same:[14]
Shivaaya Vishnu Roopaaya Shiva Roopaaya Vishanave | Shivasya Hrudayam Vishnur Vishnuscha Hrudayam Shivaha || Yatha Shivamayo Vishnuhu Yevam Vishnu Mayaha Shivaha | Yathaantharam Na Paschyaami Thatha Me Swasthi Ra Yushi ||
The popular name and deity ShankaraNarayana reflects this unity.
Interpretations alluding to the power of God in controlling karma
Many names in the Vishnu Sahasranama, the thousand names of Vishnu allude to the power of God in controlling karma. For example, the 135th name of Vishnu, Dharmadhyaksha, in Sankara's interpretation means, "One who directly sees the merits (Dharma) and demerits (Adharma), of beings by bestowing their due rewards on them." [15]
Other names of Vishnu alluding to this nature of God are Bhavanah, the 32nd name, Vidhata, the 44th name, Apramattah, the 325th name, Sthanadah, the 387th name and Srivibhavanah, the 609th name.[16] Bhavanah, according to Sankara's interpretation, means "One who generates the fruits of Karmas of all Jivas for them to enjoy." [17] The Brahma Sutra (3.2.28) "Phalmatah upapatteh" speaks of the Lord's function as the bestower of the fruits of all actions of the jivas.[17]
General thoughts
Sections from Swami Tapasyananda's translation of the concluding verses of Vishnu sahasranama, state the following: "Nothing evil or inauspicious will befall a man here or hereafter who daily hears or repeats these names." That comment is noteworthy. King Nahusha, a once righteous king, ancestor of Yudhisthira, according to excerpt from C. Rajagopalachari's translation of the Mahabharata, became an Indra, king of devas, but was later expelled from Swarga or heaven due to a curse by the great sage Agastya for his eventual gain in pride and arrogance and became a python for thousands of years.[18]
Thus, chanting of Vishnu sahasranama will help lead to success in this life and hereafter.
Quotes about Vishnu Sahasranama
- Sri N. Krishnamachari, a Vaishnavite scholar, at Steven Knapp's web site, quoting Vaishnavite scholars, states that there are six reasons for the greatness of Vishnu sahasranama:
- "1. Vishnu sahasranama is the essence of the Mahabharata;
- 2. Great sages such as Narada, the Alvars, and composers including Saint Tyagaraja have made repeated references to the "Thousand Names of Vishnu" in their devotional works;
- 3. The person who strung together the thousand names as part of the Mahabharata and preserved it for the world was none other than Sage Veda Vyasa, the foremost knower of the Vedas, who is considered an avatar of Vishnu;
- 4. Bhishma considered chanting of the Vishnu sahasranama the best and easiest of all dharmas, or the means to attain relief from all bondage;
- 5. It is widely accepted that the chanting of this Stotram gives relief from all sorrows and leads to happiness and peace of mind;
- 6. Vishnu sahasranama is in conformity with the teachings of the Gita." [19]
- Adi Sankaracharya, the Advaita enlightened master, in verse 27 of his hymn, Bhaja Govindam,[20] said that the Gita and Vishnu sahasranama should be chanted and the form of the Lord of Lakshmi, Vishnu should always be meditated on. He also said that the Sahasranama bestowed all noble virtues on those who chanted it.[21]
- Parasara Bhattar, a follower of Ramanujacharya had said that Vishnu sahasranama absolves people of all sins and has no equal[21]
- Madhvacharya, the Dvaita philosopher, said that the Sahasranama was the essence of the Mahabharata which in turn was the essence of the Shastras and that each word of the Sahasranama had 100 meanings.[21]
- Swaminarayan, founder of the Hindu Swaminarayan faith, said in verse 118 of the scripture, Shikshapatri, that one should "either recite or have the 10th canto,(of Bhagavata Purana ) and also other holy scriptures like the Vishnu Sahasranama recited at a holy place according to one's capacity. The recital is such that it gives fruits according to whatever is desired." [22]
- Swaminarayan also said in verses 93-96, "I have the highest esteem for these eight holy scriptures: the four Vedas, the Vyas-Sutra,(i.e., Brahma Sutras, the Shreemad Bhagavata Purana, the Shree Vishnu Sahasranama in the Mahabharata, and the Yaagnavalkya Smruti which is at the center of the Dharma Scriptures; and all My disciples who wish to prosper should listen to these 8 holy scriptures, and brahmins under My shelter should learn and teach these holy scriptures and read them to others."
- Swami Sivananda, in his 20 important spiritual instructions, stated that the Vishnu sahasranama, along with other religious texts, should be studied systematically.[23]
- Quote by A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada; on February 15, 1970 to J.F.Staal; Professor of Philosophy and of South Asian Languages. Second paragraph, states:
”In this way we find all the scriptures aiming at the Supreme Person. In the Rig Veda (1.22.20) the mantra is om tad vishnoh paramam padam sada pashyanti surayah ("The demigods are always looking to that supreme abode of Vishnu"). The whole Vedic process, therefore, is to understand Lord Vishnu, and any scripture is directly or indirectly chanting the glories of the Supreme Lord, Vishnu.”[24]
- sri rama rama rameti rame rame manorame; sahasra nama tat tulyam rama nama varanane
- "O Varanana (lovely-faced woman), I chant the holy name of Rama, Rama, Rama and thus constantly enjoy this beautiful sound. This holy name of Ramachandra is equal to one thousand holy names of Lord Vishnu." (Brhad-visnu-sahasranama-stotra, Uttara-khanda, Padma Purana 72.335)
- Brahmānda Purana said:
- sahasra-namnam punyanam, trir-avrttya tu yat phalam; ekavrttya tu krsnasya, namaikam tat prayacchati
- "The pious results (punya) achieved by chanting the thousand holy names of Vishnu (Vishnu sahasra nama stotram) three times can be attained by only one utterance of the holy name of Krishna."
- Shri Krishna Himself said, "Arjuna, One may be desirous of praising by reciting the thousand names. But, on my part, I feel praised by one shloka. There is no doubt about it.”[12]
- From the oldest scriptural text in Hinduism, the Rig Veda; V.I.15b.3, it states:
"O ye who wish to gain realization of the Supreme Truth, utter the name of "Vishnu" at least once in the steadfast faith that it will lead you to such realization."
Pronunciation
In the linked preface prayer (But not in the succeeding Sahasranama) non-formal pronunciation is used, since correct representation of pronunciation requires extensive use of diacritic marks. An example: Sanskrit/Hindi has three letters representing S, which are represented here as 's', 'ś', and 'ṣ', as used in the Sanskrit word ṣatkona (= "hexagon"), Viṣnu, Kṛṣṇa and others is actually a retroflex phoneme and has no equivalent in English. Retroflex phonemes are those where the tongue is slightly coiled back in the palate and released along with the phoneme's sound. Also, the 'ṇ' in Viṣṇu and Kṛṣṇa is retroflex. In formal transliteration of Sanskrit alphabet to English, this set-up is denoted by placing dots below the letter 'ṣ'. More details can be found at Sanskrit language#Consonants, and at IAST
Although devotion is considered the most important thing while reciting any prayer or mantra (Unless used for tantric purposes, where the sound's vibration plays the major role), use of the correct pronunciation is believed by devotees to enhance the satisfaction derived from the recital, in the case of both vocal and mental chants.
Merits of Recitation
Believers in the recitation of the Sahasranama claim that it brings unwavering calm of mind, complete freedom from stress and brings eternal knowledge. A translation of the concluding verses (Phalasruti) of Vishnu sahasranama, state the following: "Nothing evil or inauspicious will befall a man here or hereafter who daily hears or repeats these names.. Whichever devoted man, getting up early in the morning and purifying himself, repeats this hymn devoted to Vasudeva, with a mind that is concentrated on Him, that man attains to great fame, leadership among his peers, wealth that is secure and the supreme good unsurpassed by anything. He will be free from all fears and be endowed with great courage and energy and he will be free from diseases. Beauty of form, strength of body and mind, and virtuous character will be natural to him.... One who reads this hymn every day with devotion and attention attains to peace of mind, patience, prosperity, mental stability, memory and reputation.... Whoever desires advancement and happiness should repeat this devotional hymn on Vishnu composed by Vyasa....Never will defeat attend on a man who adores the Lotus-Eyed One (Kamala Nayana), who is the Master of all the worlds, who is birthless, and out of whom the worlds have originated and into whom they dissolve."
In orthodox Hindu tradition, a devotee should daily chant the Upanishads, Gita, Rudram, Purusha Sukta and Vishnu sahasranama. If one cannot do all this on any day, it is believed that chanting Vishnu sahasranama alone is sufficient. Vishnu sahasranama can be chanted at any time, irrespective of gender.
Varahi Tantra says that in the age of Kali yuga, most stotras are cursed by Parashurama and hence are ineffective. While listing the ones which are free from this curse and hence suitable during Kali Yuga, it is said, "Gita of the Bhishma Parva, Vishnu Sahasranama of Mahabharata and Chandika Saptashati' (Devi Mahatmyam) are free from all Doshas and grant fruits immediately in Kali Yuga." [25]
In a classic astrological text, the Bṛhat Parāśara Horāśāstra, Sage Parashara frequently recommends the recitation of the Vishnu Sahasranama as the best remedial measure for planetary afflictions.[26] For example, see the following verse: "The most effective and beneficial remedial measure for the prolongation of longevity and to obtain relief from other evil effects is recitation of Vishnu Sahasranam." ch 56 verse 30 [26]
Sage Parashara mentions this practice more than ten times in his text. Here's another verse:
"The remedial measure to obtain relief from the above evil effects, is recitation of Vishnu Sahasranama." ch 59 verse 77 [26]
It is customary to commence the Vishnu sahasranama with a devotional prayer to Vishnu.
Shlokas
Recitation and aggregation
An alternative approach is to say the starting prayer, and then say the names collected in stanzas (As they were originally said by Bhishma.) Such stanzas are called Slokas in Sanskrit. The Sahasranama (apart from the initial and concluding prayers) has a total of 108 shlokas.
For example, the first sloka is:
- om visvam vishnur-vashatkaro bhutbhavyabhavatprabhuh
- bhutkrd bhutbhrd-bhaavo bhutatma bhutabhavanah
Notice the aggregation of several words and the omission of their intervening spaces. For example, the last word of the first line of this Sloka:
- bhutabhavya-bhavatprabhuh
corresponds to:
- om bhutabhavya bhavat prabhave namah
of the expanded version.
This joining-together of words is a common feature of Sanskrit and is called Samasa- a compound. It makes the slokas compact, and easier to remember.
The Thousand names
Most Popular Names of Lord Vishnu
- Vishwam ( विश्वं )- The world is a form or a body of Lord Vishnu.The world constitutes of earth, 21 heavens & 21 hells. This world is like a small fragment in the infinite space called Mahat-tatva. This world is Lord Vishnu. So the world being God one should not destroy this world & try to find the hidden God in this world through faith.
- Vishnu ( विष्णुः )
- Vashatkara ( वषट्कारः )
- Bhuta Bhavya Bhavatprabhu ( भूतभव्य भवत्प्रभुः )
- Bhutakrut ( भूतक्रुत )
- Bhutabhrut ( भूतभ्रुत )
- Bhava ( भावः )- Feelings is the abstract body of Lord Vishnu or God. A person with (true) feelings should be respected because he is holding God or God is holding that person. Hence feelings should be assumed to be the form of God or Lord Vishnu & should be respected.
- Bhutatma ( भूतात्मा )
- Bhutabhavanah ( भूतभावनः )
- Putatma ( पूतात्मा )
- Paramatma (परमात्मा )- The supersoul within all souls is Lord Vishnu. A sun can have 10 reflections in 10 pots or infinite reflections in infinite pots. That way Sun is Lord Vishnu or Bhagavan & the reflection "Sun Disc" is the Paramatma or the Supersoul within all souls
- Muktanam Parama Gatih ( मुक्तानां परमा गतिः )
- Avyaya ( अव्यय, the never changing)
- Purusha ( पुरुष )- Lord Vishnu is a male. A soul with strong masculinity is called Purusha.
- Keshava ( केशव )- One with beautiful hair.
- Shrinidhi ( श्रीनिधि )- One Who is the treasure- house (Nidhih) of Sree.
- Jayant - A victorious Finish or A Glorious End.
Some other names
The names are generally derived from the anantakalyanagunas (meaning: infinite auspicious attributes). Some names are:
- Achintya (Incomprehensible, beyond understanding)
- Acyutah (infallible)
- Ananta (endless, eternal, infinite)
- Damodara (having a rope (dama) around his belly (udara): a name of Krishna)
- Govinda (protector of the 'Go' - means Veda not Cow and Brahmins; master of the senses: a name of Krishna)
- Hari (one who takes away the pain of material bondage of his devotees)
- Hayagriva (giver of knowledge)
- Jagannatha (Owner/Ruler of the world/universe)
- Janardana (One who is worshiped by people for Wealth)
- Keshava (slayer of Keshi, having long or much or handsome hair, from Atharvaveda viii, 6, 23 and one who is himself the three: kah Brahma; ah Vishnu and Isa Shiva.
- Krishna (born during the third epoch or yuga, his deeds range from 'Go' - means Veda protection (go - means Veda, rakshya) to absolving the earth of load of sins)
- Madhava (relating to the season of spring,ma=laxmi,dhav=dhaaran karne walle means madhava)
- Madhusudana (he who destroyed the demon called Madhu)
- Narayana (said to mean "he who is the abode of nār (= ether)", i.e., the whole universe's shelter. Also means "The supreme Man who is the foundation of all men". Another meaning is "He who lies (i.e., rests) in the water".)
- Padmanabha (lotus-naveled one, from whose navel sprang the lotus which contained Brahma, who created the universe)
- Parthasarathy (Charioteer of Arjuna/Partha)
- Purushottama - The Supreme Eternal Being
- Rama (born during the second epoch or Yuga, his deeds primarily established the ideal living principles for a man)
- Hrishikesh (Lord of the senses or Lord within the heart; "hri" root meaning the heart)
- Rohit (another Name of Vishnu)
- Satyanarayana (a combination of satya and Narayana meaning 'protector of truth')
- Shrivatsa
- Shikhandee: He who wears a peacock feather.
- Souryarayan (the one who destroys the evil/sins and who comforts us) described in Vishnu kautuvam.
- Sridhara (consort of Sri = Laxmi or Ultimate wealth)
- Siddhartha (one who attains perfection, birth name of Buddha avatar in the last epoch of Kali Yuga)
- Sriman (the pride of Shri or Lakshmi); Often Sriman is combined with the name, Narayana, to form a compound word, Sriman Narayana.
- Srinivasa (the abode of Shri) (also specifically referring to his form in the temple at Tirupati). Also the form of Vishnu at Tirupati is well known as Venkateswara.
- Trivikrama (Conqueror of the three worlds, as in Vamana avatara).
- Vishal (Immense, The Unstoppable One).
- Vamana (dwarfish, small or short in stature, a dwarf brahmana)
- Vāsudeva ( "All-Pervading god", with the long vowel A; it also means "the son of Vasudeva", i.e. Krishna)
- Shreesh/Shrish (श्रीश) (Husband of Goddess Lakshmi).
- Guruvayurappan Lord of Guruvayur (Temple made by Guru(Brihaspati) and Vayu deva)
- Jaganath is the south eastern name of Vishnu. The word juggernaut (the mightiest) is derived from this name.
- Sohama means the most intelligent, it is strongest form of Vishnu with a thousand brains and hands
- Jayan means The Victorious or The conqueror of all enemies
Complete List of Names of Lord Vishnu
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This is the complete list of names, in loose anglicized spelling and with idiosyncratic translations.[27][28]
| # | Name | Transliteration | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | विश्वम् | vishwam | Who is the universe himself |
| 2 | विष्णुः | vishnuh | He who pervades everywhere |
| 3 | वषट्कारः | vashatkaarah | He who is invoked for oblations |
| 4 | भूतभव्यभवत्प्रभुः | bhoota-bhavya-bhavat-prabhuh | The Lord of past, present and future |
| 5 | भूतकृत् | bhoota-krit | The creator of all creatures |
| 6 | भूतभृत् | bhoota-bhrit | He who nourishes all creatures |
| 7 | भावः | bhaavah | He who becomes all moving and nonmoving things |
| 8 | भूतात्मा | bhootaatmaa | The aatman of all beings |
| 9 | भूतभावनः | bhoota-bhaavanah | The cause of the growth and birth of all creatures |
| 10 | पूतात्मा | pootaatmaa | He with an extremely pure essence |
| 11 | परमात्मा | paramaatmaa | The Supersoul |
| 12 | मुक्तानां परमा गतिः | muktaanaam paramaa gatih | The final goal, reached by liberated souls |
| 13 | अव्ययः | avyayah | Without destruction |
| 14 | पुरुषः | purushah | He who dwells in the city of nine gates |
| 15 | साक्षी | saakshee | The witness |
| 16 | क्षेत्रज्ञः | kshetrajnah | The knower of the field |
| 17 | अक्षरः | aksharah | Indestructible |
| 18 | योगः | yogah | He who is realized through yoga |
| 19 | योगविदां नेता | yoga-vidaam netaa | The guide of those who know yoga |
| 20 | प्रधानपुरुषेश्वरः | pradhaana-purusheshvarah | Lord of pradhaana and purusha |
| 21 | नारसिंहवपुः | naarasimha-vapuh | He whose form is man-lion |
| 22 | श्रीमान् | shreemaan | He who is always with shree |
| 23 | केशवः | kah Brahma; ah Vishnu and Isa Shiva | keshavah: He who has beautiful locks of hair, slayer of Keshi and one who is himself the three |
| 24 | पुरुषोत्तमः | purushottamah | The Supreme Controller |
| 25 | सर्वः | sarvah | He who is everything |
| 26 | शर्वः | sharvas | The auspicious |
| 27 | शिवः | shivah | He who is eternally pure |
| 28 | स्थाणुः | sthaanuh | The pillar, the immovable truth |
| 29 | भूतादिः | bhootaadih | The cause of the five great elements |
| 30 | निधिरव्ययः | nidhir-avyayah | The imperishable treasure |
| 31 | सम्भवः | sambhavah | He who descends of His own free will |
| 32 | भावनः | bhaavanah | He who gives everything to his devotees |
| 33 | भर्ता | bhartaa | He who governs the entire living world |
| 34 | प्रभवः | prabhavah | The womb of the five great elements |
| 35 | प्रभुः | prabhuh | The Almighty Lord |
| 36 | ईश्वरः | eeshvarah | He who can do anything without any help |
| 37 | स्वयम्भूः | svayambhooh | He who manifests from Himself |
| 38 | शम्भुः | shambhuh | He who brings auspiciousness |
| 39 | आदित्यः | aadityah | The son of Aditi (Vaamana) |
| 40 | पुष्कराक्षः | pushkaraakshah | He who has eyes like the lotus |
| 41 | महास्वनः | mahaasvanah | He who has a thundering voice |
| 42 | अनादि-निधनः | anaadi-nidhanah | He without origin or end |
| 43 | धाता | dhaataa | He who supports all fields of experience |
| 44 | विधाता | vidhaataa | The dispenser of fruits of action |
| 45 | धातुरुत्तमः | dhaaturuttamah | The subtlest atom |
| 46 | अप्रमेयः | aprameyah | He who cannot be perceived |
| 47 | हृषीकेशः | hrisheekeshah | The Lord of the senses |
| 48 | पद्मनाभः | padmanaabhah | He from whose navel comes the lotus |
| 49 | अमरप्रभुः | amaraprabhuh | The Lord of the devas |
| 50 | विश्वकर्मा | vishvakarmaa | The creator of the universe |
| 51 | मनुः | manuh | He who has manifested as the Vedic mantras |
| 52 | त्वष्टा | tvashtaa | He who makes huge things small |
| 53 | स्तविष्ठः | sthavishtah | The supremely gross |
| 54 | स्थविरो ध्रुवः | sthaviro dhruvah | The ancient, motionless one |
| 55 | अग्राह्यः | agraahyah | He who is not perceived sensually |
| 56 | शाश्वतः | shaashvatah | He who always remains the same |
| 57 | कृष्णः | krishnah | He whose complexion is dark |
| 58 | लोहिताक्षः | lohitaakshah | Red-eyed |
| 59 | प्रतर्दनः | pratardanah | The Supreme destruction |
| 60 | प्रभूतस् | prabhootas | Ever-full |
| 61 | त्रिकाकुब्धाम | trikakub-dhaama | The support of the three quarters |
| 62 | पवित्रम् | pavitram | He who gives purity to the heart |
| 63 | मंगलं-परम् | mangalam param | The Supreme auspiciousness |
| 64 | ईशानः | eeshanah | The controller of the five great elements |
| 65 | प्राणदः | praanadah | He who gives life |
| 66 | प्राणः | praanah | He who ever lives |
| 67 | ज्येष्ठः | jyeshthah | Older than all |
| 68 | श्रेष्ठः | shreshthah | The most glorious |
| 69 | प्रजापतिः | prajaapatih | The Lord of all creatures |
| 70 | हिरण्यगर्भः | hiranyagarbhah | He who dwells in the womb of the world |
| 71 | भूगर्भः | bhoogarbhah | He who is the womb of the world |
| 72 | माधवः | maadhavah | Husband of Lakshmi |
| 73 | मधुसूदनः | madhusoodanah | Destroyer of the Madhu demon |
| 74 | ईश्वरः | eeshvarah | The controller |
| 75 | विक्रमः | vikramee | He who is full of prowess |
| 76 | धन्वी | dhanvee | He who always has a divine bow |
| 77 | मेधावी | medhaavee | Supremely intelligent |
| 78 | विक्रमः | vikramah | He who stepped (Vaamana) |
| 79 | क्रमः | kramah | All-pervading |
| 80 | अनुत्तमः | anuttamah | Incomparably great |
| 81 | दुराधर्षः | duraadharshah | He who cannot be attacked successfully |
| 82 | कृतज्ञः | kritajnah | He who knows all that is |
| 83 | कृतिः | kritih | He who rewards all our actions |
| 84 | आत्मवान् | aatmavaan | The self in all beings |
| 85 | सुरेशः | sureshah | The Lord of the demigods |
| 86 | शरणम् | sharanam | The refuge |
| 87 | शर्म | sharma | He who is Himself infinite bliss |
| 88 | विश्वरेताः | visva-retaah | The seed of the universe |
| 89 | प्रजाभवः | prajaa-bhavah | He from whom all praja comes |
| 90 | अहः | ahah | He who is the nature of time |
| 91 | संवत्सरः | samvatsarah | He from whom the concept of time comes |
| 92 | व्यालः | vyaalah | The serpent (vyaalah) to atheists |
| 93 | प्रत्ययः | pratyayah | He whose nature is knowledge |
| 94 | सर्वदर्शनः | sarvadarshanah | All-seeing |
| 95 | अजः | ajah | Unborn |
| 96 | सर्वेश्वरः | sarveshvarah | Controller of all |
| 97 | सिद्धः | siddhah | The most famous |
| 98 | सिद्धिः | siddhih | He who gives moksha |
| 99 | सर्वादिः | sarvaadih | The beginning of all |
| 100 | अच्युतः | achyutah | Infallible |
| 101 | वृषाकपिः | vrishaakapih | He who lifts the world to dharma |
| 102 | अमेयात्मा | ameyaatmaa | He who manifests in infinite varieties |
| 103 | सर्वयोगविनिसृतः | sarva-yoga-vinissritah | He who is free from all attachments |
| 104 | वसुः | vasuh | The support of all elements |
| 105 | वसुमनाः | vasumanaah | He whose mind is supremely pure |
| 106 | सत्यः | satyah | The truth |
| 107 | समात्मा | samaatmaa | He who is the same in all |
| 108 | सम्मितः | sammitah | He who has been accepted by authorities |
| 109 | समः | samah | Equal |
| 110 | अमोघः | amoghah | Ever useful |
| 111 | पुण्डरीकाक्षः | pundareekaakshah | He who dwells in the heart |
| 112 | वृषकर्मा | vrishakarmaa | He whose every act is righteous |
| 113 | वृषाकृतिः | vrishaakritih | The form of dharma |
| 114 | रुद्रः | rudrah | He who makes all people weep |
| 115 | बहुशिरः | bahu-shiraah | He who has many heads |
| 116 | बभ्रुः | babhrur | He who rules over all the worlds |
| 117 | विश्वयोनिः | vishvayonih | The womb of the universe |
| 118 | शुचिश्रवाः | shuchi-shravaah | He who listens only the good and pure |
| 119 | अमृतः | amritah | Immortal |
| 120 | शाश्वतः-स्थाणुः | shaashvatah-sthaanur | Permanent and immovable |
| 121 | वरारोहः | varaaroho | The most glorious destination |
| 122 | महातपः | mahaatapaah | He of great tapas |
| 123 | सर्वगः | sarvagah | All-pervading |
| 124 | सर्वविद्भानुः | sarvavid-bhaanuh | All-knowing and effulgent |
| 125 | विष्वक्सेनः | vishvaksenah | He against whom no army can stand |
| 126 | जनार्दनः | janaardanah | He who gives joy to good people |
| 127 | वेदः | vedah | He who is the Vedas |
| 128 | वेदविद् | vedavid | The knower of the Vedas |
| 129 | अव्यंगः | avyangah | Without imperfections |
| 130 | वेदांगः | vedaangah | He whose limbs are the Vedas |
| 131 | वेदविद् | vedavit | He who contemplates upon the Vedas |
| 132 | कविः | kavih | The seer |
| 133 | लोकाध्यक्षः | lokaadhyakshah | He who presides over all lokas |
| 134 | सुराध्यक्षः | suraadhyaksho | He who presides over all devas |
| 135 | धर्माध्यक्षः | dharmaadhyakshah | He who presides over dharma |
| 136 | कृताकृतः | krita-akritah | All that is created and not created |
| 137 | चतुरात्मा | chaturaatmaa | The four-fold self |
| 138 | चतुर्व्यूहः | chaturvyoohah | Vasudeva, Sankarshan etc. |
| 139 | चतुर्दंष्ट्रः | chaturdamstrah | He who has four canines (Nrsimha) |
| 140 | चतुर्भुजः | chaturbhujah | Four-handed |
| 141 | भ्राजिष्णुः | bhraajishnur | Self-effulgent consciousness |
| 142 | भोजनम् | bhojanam | He who is the sense-objects |
| 143 | भोक्ता | bhoktaa | The enjoyer |
| 144 | सहिष्णुः | sahishnuh | He who can suffer patiently |
| 145 | जगदादिजः | jagadaadijah | Born at the beginning of the world |
| 146 | अनघः | anaghah | Sinless |
| 147 | विजयः | vijayah | Victorious |
| 148 | जेता | jetaa | Ever-successful |
| 149 | विश्वयोनिः | vishvayonih | He who incarnates because of the world |
| 150 | पुनर्वसुः | punarvasuh | He who lives repeatedly in different bodies |
| 151 | उपेन्द्रः | upendra | The younger brother of Indra (Vamana) |
| 152 | वामनः | vaamanah | He with a dwarf body |
| 153 | प्रांशुः | praamshuh | He with a huge body |
| 154 | अमोघः | amoghah | He whose acts are for a great purpose |
| 155 | शुचिः | shuchih | He who is spotlessly clean |
| 156 | ऊर्जितः | oorjitah | He who has infinite vitality |
| 157 | अतीन्द्रः | ateendrah | He who surpasses Indra |
| 158 | संग्रहः | samgrahah | He who holds everything together |
| 159 | सर्गः | sargah | He who creates the world from Himself |
| 160 | धृतात्मा | dhritaatmaa | Established in Himself |
| 161 | नियमः | niyamah | The appointing authority |
| 162 | यमः | yamah | The administrator |
| 163 | वेद्यः | vedyah | That which is to be known |
| 164 | वैद्यः | vaidyah | The Supreme doctor |
| 165 | सदायोगी | sadaa-yogee | Always in yoga |
| 166 | वीरहा | veerahaa | He who destroys the mighty heroes |
| 167 | माधवः | maadhavah | The Lord of all knowledge |
| 168 | मधुः | madhuh | Sweet |
| 169 | अतीन्द्रियः | ateendriyo | Beyond the sense organs |
| 170 | महामायः | mahaamayah | The Supreme Master of all Maya |
| 171 | महोत्साहः | mahotsaahah | The great enthusiast |
| 172 | महाबलः | mahaabalah | He who has supreme strength |
| 173 | महाबुद्धिः | mahaabuddhir | He who has supreme intelligence |
| 174 | महावीर्यः | mahaa-veeryah | The supreme essence |
| 175 | महाशक्तिः | mahaa-shaktih | All-powerful |
| 176 | महाद्युतिः | mahaa-dyutih | Greatly luminous |
| 177 | अनिर्देश्यवपुः | anirdeshya-vapuh | He whose form is indescribable |
| 178 | श्रीमान् | shreemaan | He who is always courted by glories |
| 179 | अमेयात्मा | ameyaatmaa | He whose essence is immeasurable |
| 180 | महाद्रिधृक् | mahaadri-dhrik | He who supports the great mountain |
| 181 | महेष्वासः | maheshvaasah | He who wields shaarnga |
| 182 | महीभर्ता | maheebhartaa | The husband of mother earth |
| 183 | श्रीनिवासः | shreenivaasah | The permanent abode of Shree |
| 184 | सतां गिरः | sataam gatih | The goal for all virtuous people |
| 185 | अनिरुद्धः | aniruddhah | He who cannot be obstructed |
| 186 | सुरानन्दः | suraanandah | He who gives out happiness |
| 187 | गोविन्दः | govindah | The protector of the 'Go' - means Veda not Cow. |
| 188 | गोविदां पथः | govidaam-patih | The Lord of all men of wisdom |
| 189 | मरीचिः | mareechih | Effulgence |
| 190 | दमनः | damanah | He who controls rakshasas |
| 191 | हंसः | hamsah | The swan |
| 192 | सुपर्णः | suparnah | Beautiful-winged (Two birds analogy) |
| 193 | भुजगोत्तमः | bhujagottamah | The serpent Ananta |
| 194 | हिरण्यनाभः | hiranyanaabhah | He who has a golden navel |
| 195 | सुतपाः | sutapaah | He who has glorious tapas |
| 196 | पद्मनाभः | padmanaabhah | He whose navel is like a lotus |
| 197 | प्रजापतिः | prajaapatih | He from whom all creatures emerge |
| 198 | अमृत्युः | amrityuh | He who knows no death |
| 199 | सर्वदृक् | sarva-drik | The seer of everything |
| 200 | सिंहः | simhah | He who destroys |
| 201 | सन्धाता | sandhaataa | The regulator |
| 202 | सन्धिमान् | sandhimaan | He who seems to be conditioned |
| 203 | स्थिरः | sthirah | Steady |
| 204 | अजः | ajah | He who takes the form of Aja, Brahma |
| 205 | दुर्मषणः | durmarshanah | He who cannot be vanquished |
| 206 | शास्ता | shaastaa | He who rules over the universe |
| 207 | विसृतात्मा | visrutaatmaa | He who is called atma in the Vedas |
| 208 | सुरारिहा | suraarihaa | Destroyer of the enemies of the devas |
| 209 | गुरुः | guruh | The teacher |
| 210 | गुरुतमः | gurutamah | The greatest teacher |
| 211 | धाम | dhaama | The goal |
| 212 | सत्यः | satyah | He who is Himself the truth |
| 213 | सत्यपराक्रमः | satya-paraakramah | Dynamic Truth |
| 214 | निमिषः | nimishah | He who has closed eyes in contemplation |
| 215 | अनिमिषः | animishah | He who remains unwinking; ever knowing |
| 216 | स्रग्वी | sragvee | He who always wears a garland of undecaying flowers |
| 217 | वाचस्पतिः-उदारधीः | vaachaspatir-udaara-dheeh | He who is eloquent in championing the Supreme law of life; He with a large-hearted intelligence |
| 218 | अग्रणीः | agraneeh | He who guides us to the peak |
| 219 | ग्रामणीः | graamaneeh | He who leads the flock |
| 220 | श्रीमान् | shreemaan | The possessor of light, effulgence, glory |
| 221 | न्यायः | nyaayah | Justice |
| 222 | नेता | netaa | The leader |
| 223 | समीरणः | sameeranah | He who sufficiently administers all movements of all living creatures |
| 224 | सहस्रमूर्धा | sahasra-moordhaa | He who has endless heads |
| 225 | विश्वात्मा | vishvaatmaa | The soul of the universe |
| 226 | सहस्राक्षः | sahasraakshah | Thousands of eyes |
| 227 | सहस्रपात् | sahasrapaat | Thousand-footed |
| 228 | आवर्तनः | aavartanah | The unseen dynamism |
| 229 | निवृत्तात्मा | nivritaatmaa | The soul retreated from matter |
| 230 | संवृतः | samvritah | He who is veiled from the jiva |
| 231 | संप्रमर्दनः | sam-pramardanah | He who persecutes evil men |
| 232 | अहः संवर्तकः | ahassamvartakah | He who thrills the day and makes it function vigorously |
| 233 | वह्निः | vahnih | Fire |
| 234 | अनिलः | anilah | Air |
| 235 | धरणीधरः | dharaneedharah | He who supports the earth |
| 236 | सुप्रसादः | suprasaadah | Fully satisfied |
| 237 | प्रसन्नात्मा | prasanaatmaa | Ever pure and all-blissful self |
| 238 | विश्वधृक् | vishva-dhrik | Supporter of the world |
| 239 | विश्वभुक् | vishvabhuk | He who enjoys all experiences |
| 240 | विभुः | vibhuh | He who manifests in endless forms |
| 241 | सत्कर्ता | satkartaa | He who adores good and wise people |
| 242 | सत्कृतः | satkritah | He who is adored by all good people |
| 243 | साधुः | saadhur | He who lives by the righteous codes |
| 244 | जह्नुः | jahnuh | Leader of men |
| 245 | नारायणः | naaraayanah | He who resides on the waters |
| 246 | नरः | narah | The guide |
| 247 | असंख्येयः | asankhyeyah | He who has numberless names and forms |
| 248 | अप्रमेयात्मा | aprameyaatmaa | A soul not known through the pramanas |
| 249 | विशिष्टः | vishishtah | He who transcends all in His glory |
| 250 | शिष्टकृत् | shishta-krit | The law-maker |
| 251 | शुचिः | shuchih | He who is pure |
| 252 | सिद्धार्थः | siddhaarthah | He who has all arthas |
| 253 | सिद्धसंकल्पः | siddhasankalpah | He who gets all He wishes for |
| 254 | सिद्धिदः | siddhidah | The giver of benedictions |
| 255 | सिद्धिसाधनः | siddhisaadhanah | The power behind our sadhana |
| 256 | वृषाही | vrishaahee | Controller of all actions |
| 257 | वृषभः | vrishabhah | He who showers all dharmas |
| 258 | विष्णुः | vishnuh | Long-striding |
| 259 | वृषपर्वा | vrishaparvaa | The ladder leading to dharma (As well as dharma itself) |
| 260 | वृषोदरः | vrishodarah | He from whose belly life showers forth |
| 261 | वर्धनः | vardhanah | The nurturer and nourisher |
| 262 | वर्धमानः | vardhamaanah | He who can grow into any dimension |
| 263 | विविक्तः | viviktah | Separate |
| 264 | श्रुतिसागरः | shruti-saagarah | The ocean for all scripture |
| 265 | सुभुजः | subhujah | He who has graceful arms |
| 266 | दुर्धरः | durdharah | He who cannot be known by great yogis |
| 267 | वाग्मी | vaagmee | He who is eloquent in speech |
| 268 | महेन्द्रः | mahendrah | The lord of Indra |
| 269 | वसुदः | vasudah | He who gives all wealth |
| 270 | वसुः | vasuh | He who is Wealth |
| 271 | नैकरूपः | naika-roopo | He who has unlimited forms |
| 272 | बृहद्रूपः | brihad-roopah | Vast, of infinite dimensions |
| 273 | शिपिविष्टः | shipivishtah | The presiding deity of the sun |
| 274 | प्रकाशनः | prakaashanah | He who illuminates |
| 275 | ओजस्तेजोद्युतिधरः | ojas-tejo-dyutidharah | The possessor of vitality, effulgence and beauty |
| 276 | प्रकाशात्मा | prakaashaatmaa | The effulgent self |
| 277 | प्रतापनः | prataapanah | Thermal energy; one who heats |
| 278 | ऋद्धः | riddhah | Full of prosperity |
| 279 | स्पष्टाक्षरः | spashtaaksharah | One who is indicated by OM |
| 280 | मन्त्रः | mantrah | The nature of the Vedic mantras |
| 281 | चन्द्रांशुः | chandraamshuh | The rays of the moon |
| 282 | भास्करद्युतिः | bhaaskara-dyutih | The effulgence of the sun |
| 283 | अमृतांशोद्भवः | amritaamsoodbhavah | The moon who gives flavor to vegetables |
| 284 | भानुः | bhaanuh | Self-effulgent |
| 285 | शशबिन्दुः | shashabindhuh | The moon who has a rabbit-like spot |
| 286 | सुरेश्वरः | sureshvarah | A person of extreme charity |
| 287 | औषधम् | aushadham | Medicine |
| 288 | जगतः सेतुः | jagatas-setuh | A bridge across the material energy |
| 289 | सत्यधर्मपराक्रमः | satya-dharma-paraakramah | One who champions heroically for truth and righteousness |
| 290 | भूतभव्यभवन्नाथः | bhoota-bhavya-bhavan-naathah | The Lord of past, present and future |
| 291 | पवनः | pavanah | The air that fills the universe |
| 292 | पावनः | paavanah | He who gives life-sustaining power to air |
| 293 | अनलः | analah | Fire |
| 294 | कामहा | kaamahaa | He who destroys all desires |
| 295 | कामकृत् | kaamakrit | He who fulfills all desires |
| 296 | कान्तः | kaantah | He who is of enchanting form |
| 297 | कामः | kaamah | The beloved |
| 298 | कामप्रदः | kaamapradah | He who supplies desired objects |
| 299 | प्रभुः | prabhuh | The Lord |
| 300 | युगादिकृत् | yugaadi-krit | The creator of the yugas |
| 301 | युगावर्तः | yugaavartah | The law behind time |
| 302 | नैकमायः | naikamaayah | He whose forms are endless and varied |
| 303 | महाशनः | mahaashanah | He who eats up everything |
| 304 | अदृश्यः | adrishyah | Imperceptible |
| 305 | व्यक्तरूपः | vyaktaroopah | He who is perceptible to the yogi |
| 306 | सहस्राजित् | sahasrajit | He who vanquishes thousands |
| 307 | अनन्तजित् | anantajit | Ever-victorious |
| 308 | इष्टः | ishtah | He who is invoked through Vedic rituals |
| 309 | विशिष्टः | visishtah | The noblest and most sacred |
| 310 | शिष्टेष्टः | sishteshtah | The greatest beloved |
| 311 | शिखण्डी | shikhandee | He who wears a peacock feather |
| 312 | नहुषः | nahushah | He who binds all with maya |
| 313 | वृषः | vrishah | He who is dharma |
| 314 | क्रोधहा | krodhahaa | He who destroys anger |
| 315 | क्रोधकृत्कर्ता | krodhakrit-kartaa | He who generates anger against the lower tendency |
| 316 | विश्वबाहुः | visvabaahuh | He whose hand is in everything |
| 317 | महीधरः | maheedharah | The support of the earth |
| 318 | अच्युतः | achyutah | He who undergoes no changes |
| 319 | प्रथितः | prathitah | He who exists pervading all |
| 320 | प्राणः | praanah | The prana in all living creatures |
| 321 | प्राणदः | praanadah | He who gives prana |
| 322 | वासवानुजः | vaasavaanujah | The brother of Indra |
| 323 | अपां-निधिः | apaam-nidhih | Treasure of waters (the ocean) |
| 324 | अधिष्ठानम् | adhishthaanam | The substratum of the entire universe |
| 325 | अप्रमत्तः | apramattah | He who never makes a wrong judgement |
| 326 | प्रतिष्ठितः | pratishthitah | He who has no cause |
| 327 | स्कन्दः | skandah | He whose glory is expressed through Subrahmanya |
| 328 | स्कन्दधरः | skanda-dharah | Upholder of withering righteousness |
| 329 | धूर्यः | dhuryah | Who carries out creation etc. without hitch |
| 330 | वरदः | varadah | He who fulfills boons |
| 331 | वायुवाहनः | vaayuvaahanah | Controller of winds |
| 332 | वासुदेवः | vaasudevah | Dwelling in all creatures although not affected by that condition |
| 333 | बृहद्भानुः | brihat-bhaanuh | He who illumines the world with the rays of the sun and moon |
| 334 | आदिदेवः | aadidevah | The primary source of everything |
| 335 | पुरन्दरः | purandarah | Destroyer of cities |
| 336 | अशोकः | ashokah | He who has no sorrow |
| 337 | तारणः | taaranah | He who enables others to cross |
| 338 | तारः | taarah | He who saves |
| 339 | शूरः | shoorah | The valiant |
| 340 | शौरिः | shaurih | He who incarnated in the dynasty of Shoora |
| 341 | जनेश्वरः | janeshvarah | The Lord of the people |
| 342 | अनुकूलः | anukoolah | Well-wisher of everyone |
| 343 | शतावर्तः | shataavarttah | He who takes infinite forms |
| 344 | पद्मी | padmee | He who holds a lotus |
| 345 | पद्मनिभेक्षणः | padmanibhekshanah | Lotus-eyed |
| 346 | पद्मनाभः | padmanaabhah | He who has a lotus-navel |
| 347 | अरविन्दाक्षः | aravindaakshah | He who has eyes as beautiful as the lotus |
| 348 | पद्मगर्भः | padmagarbhah | He who is being meditated upon in the lotus of the heart |
| 349 | शरीरभृत् | shareerabhrit | He who sustains all bodies |
| 350 | महर्द्धिः | maharddhi | One who has great prosperity |
| 351 | ऋद्धः | riddhah | He who has expanded Himself as the universe |
| 352 | वृद्धात्मा | Vriddhaatmaa | The ancient self |
| 353 | महाक्षः | mahaakshah | The great-eyed |
| 354 | गरुडध्वजः | garudadhvajah | One who has Garuda on His flag |
| 355 | अतुलः | atulah | Incomparable |
| 356 | शरभः | sharabhah | One who dwells and shines forth through the bodies |
| 357 | भीमः | bheemah | The terrible |
| 358 | समयज्ञः | samayajnah | One whose worship is nothing more than keeping an equal vision of the mind by the devotee |
| 359 | हविर्हरिः | havirharih | The receiver of all oblation |
| 360 | सर्वलक्षणलक्षण्यः | sarva-lakshana-lakshanyah | Known through all proofs |
| 361 | लक्ष्मीवान् | lakshmeevaan | The consort of Laksmi |
| 362 | समितिञ्जयः | samitinjayah | Ever-victorious |
| 363 | विक्षरः | viksharah | Imperishable |
| 364 | रोहितः | rohitah | The fish incarnation |
| 365 | मार्गः | maargah | The path |
| 366 | हेतुः | hetuh | The cause |
| 367 | दामोदरः | daamodarah | Whose stomach is marked with three lines |
| 368 | सहः | sahah | All-enduring |
| 369 | महीधरः | maheedharah | The bearer of the earth |
| 370 | महाभागः | mahaabhaagah | He who gets the greatest share in every Yajna |
| 371 | वेगवान् | vegavaan | He who is swift |
| 372 | अमिताशनः | amitaashanah | Of endless appetite |
| 373 | उद्भवः | udbhavah | The originator |
| 374 | क्षोभणः | kshobhanah | The agitator |
| 375 | देवः | devah | He who revels |
| 376 | श्रीगर्भः | shreegarbhah | He in whom are all glories |
| 377 | परमेश्वरः | parameshvarah | Parama + Ishvara = Supreme Lord, Parama (MahaLakshmi i.e. above all the shaktis) + Ishvara (Lord) = Lord of MahaLakshmi |
| 378 | करणम् | karanam | The instrument |
| 379 | कारणम् | kaaranam | The cause |
| 380 | कर्ता | kartaa | The doer |
| 381 | विकर्ता | vikartaa | Creator of the endless varieties that make up the universe |
| 382 | गहनः | gahanah | The unknowable |
| 383 | गुहः | guhah | He who dwells in the cave of the heart |
| 384 | व्यवसायः | vyavasaayah | Resolute |
| 385 | व्यवस्थानः | vyavasthaanah | The substratum |
| 386 | संस्थानः | samsthaanah | The ultimate authority |
| 387 | स्थानदः | sthaanadah | He who confers the right abode |
| 388 | ध्रुवः | dhruvah | The changeless in the midst of changes |
| 389 | परर्धिः | pararddhih | He who has supreme manifestations |
| 390 | परमस्पष्टः | paramaspashtah | The extremely vivid |
| 391 | तुष्टः | tushtah | One who is contented with a very simple offering |
| 392 | पुष्टः | pushtah | One who is ever-full |
| 393 | शुभेक्षणः | shubhekshanah | All-auspicious gaze |
| 394 | रामः | raamah | One who is most handsome |
| 395 | विरामः | viraamah | The abode of perfect-rest |
| 396 | विरजः | virajo | Passionless |
| 397 | मार्गः | maargah | The path |
| 398 | नेयः | neyah | The guide |
| 399 | नयः | nayah | One who leads |
| 400 | अनयः | anayah | One who has no leader |
| 401 | वीरः | veerah | The valiant |
| 402 | शक्तिमतां श्रेष्ठः | shaktimataam-shresthah | The best among the powerful |
| 403 | धर्मः | dharmah | The law of being |
| 404 | धर्मविदुत्तमः | dharmaviduttamah | The highest among men of realisation |
| 405 | वैकुण्ठः | vaikunthah | Lord of supreme abode, Vaikuntha |
| 406 | पुरुषः | purushah | One who dwells in all bodies |
| 407 | प्राणः | praanah | Life |
| 408 | प्राणदः | praanadah | Giver of life |
| 409 | प्रणवः | pranavah | He who is praised by the gods |
| 410 | पृथुः | prituh | The expanded |
| 411 | हिरण्यगर्भः | hiranyagarbhah | The creator |
| 412 | शत्रुघ्नः | shatrughnah | The destroyer of enemies |
| 413 | व्याप्तः | vyaaptah | The pervader |
| 414 | वायुः | vaayuh | The air |
| 415 | अधोक्षजः | adhokshajah | One whose vitality never flows downwards |
| 416 | ऋतुः | rituh | The seasons |
| 417 | सुदर्शनः | sudarshanah | He whose meeting is auspicious |
| 418 | कालः | kaalah | He who judges and punishes beings |
| 419 | परमेष्ठी | parameshthee | One who is readily available for experience within the heart |
| 420 | परिग्रहः | parigrahah | The receiver |
| 421 | उग्रः | ugrah | The terrible |
| 422 | संवत्सरः | samvatsarah | The year |
| 423 | दक्षः | dakshah | The smart |
| 424 | विश्रामः | vishraamah | The resting place |
| 425 | विश्वदक्षिणः | vishva-dakshinah | The most skilful and efficient |
| 426 | विस्तारः | vistaarah | The extension |
| 427 | स्थावरस्स्थाणुः | sthaavarah-sthaanuh | The firm and motionless |
| 428 | प्रमाणम् | pramaanam | The proof |
| 429 | बीजमव्ययम् | beejamavyayam | The Immutable Seed |
| 430 | अर्थः | arthah | He who is worshiped by all |
| 431 | अनर्थः | anarthah | One to whom there is nothing yet to be fulfilled |
| 432 | महाकोशः | mahaakoshah | He who has got around him great sheaths |
| 433 | महाभोगः | mahaabhogah | He who is of the nature of enjoyment |
| 434 | महाधनः | mahaadhanah | He who is supremely rich |
| 435 | अनिर्विण्णः | anirvinnah | He who has no discontent |
| 436 | स्थविष्ठः | sthavishthah | One who is supremely huge |
| 437 | अभूः | a-bhooh | One who has no birth |
| 438 | धर्मयूपः | dharma-yoopah | The post to which all dharma is tied |
| 439 | महामखः | mahaa-makhah | The great sacrificer |
| 440 | नक्षत्रनेमिः | nakshatranemir | The nave of the stars |
| 441 | नक्षत्री | nakshatree | The Lord of the stars (the moon) |
| 442 | क्षमः | kshamah | He who is supremely efficient in all undertakings |
| 443 | क्षामः | kshaamah | He who ever remains without any scarcity |
| 444 | समीहनः | sameehanah | One whose desires are auspicious |
| 445 | यज्ञः | yajnah | One who is of the nature of yajna |
| 446 | इज्यः | ijyah | He who is fit to be invoked through yajna |
| 447 | महेज्यः | mahejyah | One who is to be most worshiped |
| 448 | क्रतुः | kratuh | The animal-sacrifice |
| 449 | सत्रम् | satram | Protector of the good |
| 450 | सतां गिरः | sataam-gatih | Refuge of the good |
| 451 | सर्वदर्शी | sarvadarshee | All-knower |
| 452 | विमुक्तात्मा | vimuktaatmaa | The ever-liberated self |
| 453 | सर्वज्ञः | sarvajno | Omniscient |
| 454 | ज्ञानमुत्तमम् | jnaanamuttamam | The Supreme Knowledge |
| 455 | सुव्रतः | suvratah | He who ever-perfoeming the pure vow |
| 456 | सुमुखः | sumukhah | One who has a charming face |
| 457 | सूक्ष्मः | sookshmah | The subtlest |
| 458 | सुघोषः | sughoshah | Of auspicious sound |
| 459 | सुखदः | sukhadah | Giver of happiness |
| 460 | सुहृत् | suhrit | Friend of all creatures |
| 461 | मनोहरः | manoharah | The stealer of the mind |
| 462 | जितक्रोधः | jita-krodhah | One who has conquered anger |
| 463 | वीरबाहुः | veerabaahur | Having mighty arms |
| 464 | विदारणः | vidaaranah | One who splits asunder |
| 465 | स्वापनः | svaapanah | One who puts people to sleep |
| 466 | स्ववशः | svavashah | He who has everything under His control |
| 467 | व्यापी | vyaapee | All-pervading |
| 468 | नैकात्मा | naikaatmaa | Many souled |
| 469 | नैककर्मकृत् | naikakarmakrit | One who does many actions |
| 470 | वत्सरः | vatsarah | The abode |
| 471 | वत्सलः | vatsalah | The supremely affectionate |
| 472 | वत्सी | vatsee | The father |
| 473 | रत्नगर्भः | ratnagarbhah | The jewel-wombed |
| 474 | धनेश्वरः | dhaneshvarah | The Lord of wealth |
| 475 | धर्मगुब् | dharmagub | One who protects dharma |
| 476 | धर्मकृत् | dharmakrit | One who acts according to dharma |
| 477 | धर्मी | dharmee | The supporter of dharma |
| 478 | सत् | sat | existence |
| 479 | असत् | asat | illusion |
| 480 | क्षरम् | ksharam | He who appears to perish |
| 481 | अक्षरम् | aksharam | Imperishable |
| 482 | अविज्ञाता | avijnaataa | The non-knower (The knower being the conditioned soul within the body) |
| 483 | सहस्रांशुः | sahasraamshur | The thousand-rayed |
| 484 | विधाता | vidhaataa | All supporter |
| 485 | कृतलक्षणः | kritalakshanah | One who is famous for His qualities |
| 486 | गभस्तिनेमिः | gabhastinemih | The hub of the universal wheel |
| 487 | सत्त्वस्थः | sattvasthah | Situated in sattva |
| 488 | सिंहः | simhah | The lion |
| 489 | भूतमहेश्वरः | bhoota-maheshvarah | The great lord of beings |
| 490 | आदिदेवः | aadidevah | The first deity |
| 491 | महादेवः | mahaadevah | The great deity |
| 492 | देवेशः | deveshah | The Lord of all devas |
| 493 | देवभृद्गुरुः | devabhrit-guruh | Advisor of Indra |
| 494 | उत्तरः | uttarah | He who lifts us from the ocean of samsara |
| 495 | गोपतिः | gopatih | The shepherd |
| 496 | गोप्ता | goptaa | The protector |
| 497 | ज्ञानगम्यः | jnaanagamyah | One who is experienced through pure knowledge |
| 498 | पुरातनः | puraatanah | He who was even before time |
| 499 | शरीरभूतभृत् | shareera-bhootabhrit | One who nourishes the nature from which the bodies came |
| 500 | भोक्ता | bhoktaa | The enjoyer |
| 501 | कपीन्द्रः | kapeendrah | Lord of the monkeys (Rama) |
| 502 | भूरिदक्षिणः | bhooridakshinah | He who gives away large gifts |
| 503 | सोमपः | somapah | One who takes Soma in the yajnas |
| 504 | अमृतपः | amritapah | One who drinks the nectar |
| 505 | सोमः | somah | One who as the moon nourishes plants |
| 506 | पुरुजित् | purujit | One who has conquered numerous enemies |
| 507 | पुरुसत्तमः | purusattamah | The greatest of the great |
| 508 | विनयः | vinayah | He who humiliates those who are unrighteous |
| 509 | जयः | jayah | The victorious |
| 510 | सत्यसन्धः | satyasandhah | Of truthful resolution |
| 511 | दाशार्हः | daashaarhah | One who was born in the Dasarha race |
| 512 | सात्त्वतां पतिः | saatvataam-patih | The Lord of the Satvatas |
| 513 | जीवः | jeevah | One who functions as the ksetrajna |
| 514 | विनयितासाक्षी | vinayitaa-saakshee | The witness of modesty |
| 515 | मुकुन्दः | mukundah | The giver of liberation |
| 516 | अमितविक्रमः | amitavikramah | Of immeasurable prowess |
| 517 | अम्भोनिधिः | ambho-nidhir | The substratum of the four types of beings |
| 518 | अनन्तात्मा | anantaatmaa | The infinite self |
| 519 | महोदधिशयः | mahodadhishayah | One who rests on the great ocean |
| 520 | अन्तकः | antakah | The death |
| 521 | अजः | ajah | Unborn |
| 522 | महार्हः | mahaarhah | One who deserves the highest worship |
| 523 | स्वाभाव्यः | svaabhaavyah | Ever rooted in the nature of His own self |
| 524 | जितामित्रः | jitaamitrah | One who has conquered all enemies |
| 525 | प्रमोदनः | pramodanah | Ever-blissful |
| 526 | आनन्दः | aanandah | A mass of pure bliss |
| 527 | नन्दनः | nandanah | One who makes others blissful |
| 528 | नन्दः | nandah | Free from all worldly pleasures |
| 529 | सत्यधर्मा | satyadharmaa | One who has in Himself all true dharmas |
| 530 | त्रिविक्रमः | trivikramah | One who took three steps |
| 531 | महर्षिः कपिलाचार्यः | maharshih kapilaachaaryah | He who incarnated as Kapila, the great sage |
| 532 | कृतज्ञः | kritajnah | The knower of the creation |
| 533 | मेदिनीपतिः | medineepatih | The Lord of the earth |
| 534 | त्रिपदः | tripadah | One who has taken three steps |
| 535 | त्रिदशाध्यक्षः | tridashaadhyaksho | The Lord of the three states of consciousness |
| 536 | महाशृंगः | mahaashringah | Great-horned (Matsya) |
| 537 | कृतान्तकृत् | kritaantakrit | Destroyer of the creation |
| 538 | महावराहः | mahaavaraaho | The great boar |
| 539 | गोविन्दः | govindah | One who is known through Vedanta |
| 540 | सुषेणः | sushenah | He who has a charming army |
| 541 | कनकांगदी | kanakaangadee | Wearer of bright-as-gold armlets |
| 542 | गुह्यः | guhyo | The mysterious |
| 543 | गभीरः | gabheerah | The unfathomable |
| 544 | गहनः | gahano | Impenetrable |
| 545 | गुप्तः | guptah | The well-concealed |
| 546 | चक्रगदाधरः | chakra-gadaadharah | Bearer of the disc and mace |
| 547 | वेधाः | vedhaah | Creator of the universe |
| 548 | स्वांगः | svaangah | One with well-proportioned limbs |
| 549 | अजितः | ajitah | Vanquished by none |
| 550 | कृष्णः | krishnah | Dark-complexioned |
| 551 | दृढः | dridhah | The firm |
| 552 | संकर्षणोऽच्युतः | sankarshanochyutah | He who absorbs the whole creation into His nature and never falls away from that nature |
| 553 | वरुणः | varunah | One who sets on the horizon (Sun) |
| 554 | वारुणः | vaarunah | The son of Varuna (Vasistha or Agastya) |
| 555 | वृक्षः | vrikshah | The tree |
| 556 | पुष्कराक्षः | pushkaraakshah | Lotus eyed |
| 557 | महामनः | mahaamanaah | Great-minded |
| 558 | भगवान् | bhagavaan | One who possesses six opulences |
| 559 | भगहा | bhagahaa | One who destroys the six opulences during pralaya |
| 560 | आनन्दी | aanandee | One who gives delight |
| 561 | वनमाली | vanamaalee | One who wears a garland of forest flowers |
| 562 | हलायुधः | halaayudhah | One who has a plough as His weapon |
| 563 | आदित्यः | aadityah | Son of Aditi |
| 564 | ज्योतिरादित्यः | jyotiraadityah | The resplendence of the sun |
| 565 | सहिष्णुः | sahishnuh | One who calmly endures duality |
| 566 | गतिसत्तमः | gatisattamah | The ultimate refuge for all devotees |
| 567 | सुधन्वा | sudhanvaa | One who has Shaarnga |
| 568 | खण्दपरशुः | khanda-parashur | One who holds an axe |
| 569 | दारुणः | daarunah | Merciless towards the unrighteous |
| 570 | द्रविणप्रदः | dravinapradah | One who lavishly gives wealth |
| 571 | दिवःस्पृक् | divah-sprik | Sky-reaching |
| 572 | सर्वदृग्व्यासः | sarvadrik-vyaaso | One who creates many men of wisdom |
| 573 | वाचस्पतिरयोनिजः | vaachaspatir-ayonijah | One who is the master of all vidyas and who is unborn through a womb |
| 574 | त्रिसामा | trisaamaa | One who is glorified by Devas, Vratas and Saamans |
| 575 | सामगः | saamagah | The singer of the sama songs |
| 576 | साम | saama | The Sama Veda |
| 577 | निर्वाणम् | nirvaanam | All-bliss |
| 578 | भेषजम् | bheshajam | Medicine |
| 579 | भृषक् | bhishak | Physician |
| 580 | संन्यासकृत् | samnyaasa-krit | Institutor of sannyasa |
| 581 | समः | samah | Calm |
| 582 | शान्तः | shaantah | Peaceful within |
| 583 | निष्ठा | nishthaa | Abode of all beings |
| 584 | शान्तिः | shaantih | One whose very nature is peace |
| 585 | परायणम् | paraayanam | The way to liberation |
| 586 | शुभांगः | shubhaangah | One who has the most beautiful form |
| 587 | शान्तिदः | shaantidah | Giver of peace |
| 588 | स्रष्टा | srashtaa | Creator of all beings |
| 589 | कुमुदः | kumudah | He who delights in the earth |
| 590 | कुवलेशयः | kuvaleshayah | He who reclines in the waters |
| 591 | गोहितः | gohitah | One who does welfare for cows |
| 592 | गोपतिः | gopatih | Husband of the earth |
| 593 | गोप्ता | goptaa | Protector of the universe |
| 594 | वृषभाक्षः | vrishabhaaksho | One whose eyes rain fulfilment of desires |
| 595 | वृषप्रियः | vrishapriyah | One who delights in dharma |
| 596 | अनिवर्ती | anivartee | One who never retreats |
| 597 | निवृतात्मा | nivrittaatmaa | One who is fully restrained from all sense indulgences |
| 598 | संक्षेप्ता | samksheptaa | The involver |
| 599 | क्षेमकृत् | kshemakrit | Doer of good |
| 600 | शिवः | shivah | Auspiciousness |
| 601 | श्रीवत्सवत्साः | shreevatsa-vakshaah | One who has sreevatsa on His chest |
| 602 | श्रीवासः | shrevaasah | Abode of Sree |
| 603 | श्रीपतिः | shreepatih | Lord of Laksmi |
| 604 | श्रीमतां वरः | shreemataam varah | The best among glorious |
| 605 | श्रीदः | shreedah | Giver of opulence |
| 606 | श्रीशः | shreeshah | The Lord of Sree |
| 607 | श्रीनिवासः | shreenivaasah | One who dwells in the good people |
| 608 | श्रीनिधिः | shreenidhih | The treasure of Sree |
| 609 | श्रीविभावनः | shreevibhaavanah | Distributor of Sree |
| 610 | श्रीधरः | shreedharah | Holder of Sree |
| 611 | श्रीकरः | shreekarah | One who gives Sree |
| 612 | श्रेयः | shreyah | Liberation |
| 613 | श्रीमान् | shreemaan | Possessor of Sree |
| 614 | लोकत्रयाश्रयः | loka-trayaashrayah | Shelter of the three worlds |
| 615 | स्वक्षः | svakshah | Beautiful-eyed |
| 616 | स्वङ्गः | svangah | Beautiful-limbed |
| 617 | शतानन्दः | shataanandah | Of infinite varieties and joys |
| 618 | नन्दिः | nandih | Infinite bliss |
| 619 | ज्योतिर्गणेश्वरः | jyotir-ganeshvarah | Lord of the luminaries in the cosmos |
| 620 | विजितात्मा | vijitaatmaa | One who has conquered the sense organs |
| 621 | विधेयात्मा | vidheyaatmaa | One who is ever available for the devotees to command in love |
| 622 | सत्कीर्तिः | sat-keertih | One of pure fame |
| 623 | छिन्नसंशयः | chinnasamshayah | One whose doubts are ever at rest |
| 624 | उदीर्णः | udeernah | The great transcendent |
| 625 | सर्वतश्चक्षुः | sarvatah-chakshuh | One who has eyes everywhere |
| 626 | अनीशः | aneeshah | One who has none to Lord over Him |
| 627 | शाश्वतः-स्थिरः | shaashvata-sthirah | One who is eternal and stable |
| 628 | भूशयः | bhooshayah | One who rested on the ocean shore (Rama) |
| 629 | भूषणः | bhooshanah | One who adorns the world |
| 630 | भूतिः | bhootih | One who is pure existence |
| 631 | विशोकः | vishokah | Sorrowless |
| 632 | शोकनाशनः | shoka-naashanah | Destroyer of sorrows |
| 633 | अर्चिष्मान् | archishmaan | The effulgent |
| 634 | अर्चितः | architah | One who is constantly worshipped by His devotees |
| 635 | कुम्भः | kumbhah | The pot within whom everything is contained |
| 636 | विशुद्धात्मा | vishuddhaatmaa | One who has the purest soul |
| 637 | विशोधनः | vishodhanah | The great purifier |
| 638 | अनिरुद्धः | aniruddhah | He who is invincible by any enemy |
| 639 | अप्रतिरथः | apratirathah | One who has no enemies to threaten Him |
| 640 | प्रद्युम्नः | pradyumnah | Very rich |
| 641 | अमितविक्रमः | amitavikramah | Of immeasurable prowess |
| 642 | कालनेमीनिहा | kaalanemi-nihaa | Slayer of Kalanemi |
| 643 | वीरः | veerah | The heroic victor |
| 644 | शौरी | shauri | One who always has invincible prowess |
| 645 | शूरजनेश्वरः | shoora-janeshvarah | Lord of the valiant |
| 646 | त्रिलोकात्मा | trilokaatmaa | The self of the three worlds |
| 647 | त्रिलोकेशः | trilokeshah | The Lord of the three worlds |
| 648 | केशवः | keshavah | One whose rays illumine the cosmos |
| 649 | केशिहा | keshihaa | Killer of Kesi |
| 650 | हरिः | harih | The destroyer |
| 651 | कामदेवः | kaamadevah | The beloved Lord |
| 652 | कामपालः | kaamapaalah | The fulfiller of desires |
| 653 | कामी | kaamee | One who has fulfilled all His desires |
| 654 | कान्तः | kaantah | Of enchanting form |
| 655 | कृतागमः | kritaagamah | The author of the agama scriptures |
| 656 | अनिर्देश्यवपुः | anirdeshya-vapuh | Of Indescribable form |
| 657 | विष्णुः | vishnuh | All-pervading |
| 658 | वीरः | veerah | The courageous |
| 659 | अनन्तः | anantah | Endless |
| 660 | धनञ्जयः | dhananjayah | One who gained wealth through conquest |
| 661 | ब्रह्मण्यः | brahmanyah | Protector of Brahman (anything related to Narayana) |
| 662 | ब्रह्मकृत् | brahmakrit | One who acts in Brahman |
| 663 | ब्रह्मा | brahmaa | Creator |
| 664 | ब्रहम | brahma | Biggest |
| 665 | ब्रह्मविवर्धनः | brahma-vivardhanah | One who increases the Brahman |
| 666 | ब्रह्मविद् | brahmavid | One who knows Brahman |
| 667 | ब्राह्मणः | braahmanah | One who has realised Brahman |
| 668 | ब्रह्मी | brahmee | One who is with Brahma |
| 669 | ब्रह्मज्ञः | brahmajno | One who knows the nature of Brahman |
| 670 | ब्राह्मणप्रियः | braahmana-priyah | Dear to the brahmanas |
| 671 | महाकर्मः | mahaakramo | Of great step |
| 672 | महाकर्मा | mahaakarmaa | One who performs great deeds |
| 673 | महातेजा | mahaatejaah | One of great resplendence |
| 674 | महोरगः | mahoragah | The great serpent |
| 675 | महाक्रतुः | mahaakratuh | The great sacrifice |
| 676 | महायज्वा | mahaayajvaa | One who performed great yajnas |
| 677 | महायज्ञः | mahaayajnah | The great yajna |
| 678 | महाहविः | mahaahavih | The great offering |
| 679 | स्तव्यः | stavyah | One who is the object of all praise |
| 680 | स्तवप्रियः | stavapriyah | One who is invoked through prayer |
| 681 | स्तोत्रम् | stotram | The hymn |
| 682 | स्तुतिः | stutih | The act of praise |
| 683 | स्तोता | stotaa | One who adores or praises |
| 684 | रणप्रियः | ranapriyah | Lover of battles |
| 685 | पूर्णः | poornah | The complete |
| 686 | पूरयिता | poorayitaa | The fulfiller |
| 687 | पुण्यः | punyah | The truly holy |
| 688 | पुण्यकीर्तिः | punya-keertir | Of Holy fame |
| 689 | अनामयः | anaamayah | One who has no diseases |
| 690 | मनोजवः | manojavah | Swift as the mind |
| 691 | तीर्थकरः | teerthakaro | The teacher of the tirthas |
| 692 | वसुरेताः | vasuretaah | He whose essence is golden |
| 693 | वसुप्रदः | vasupradah | The free-giver of wealth |
| 694 | वसुप्रदः | vasupradah | The giver of salvation, the greatest wealth |
| 695 | वासुदेवः | vaasudevo | The son of Vasudeva |
| 696 | वसुः | vasuh | The refuge for all |
| 697 | वसुमना | vasumanaa | One who is attentive to everything |
| 698 | हविः | havih | The oblation |
| 699 | सद्गतिः | sadgatih | The goal of good people |
| 700 | सत्कृतिः | satkritih | One who is full of Good actions |
| 701 | सत्ता | satta | One without a second |
| 702 | सद्भूतिः | sadbhootih | One who has rich glories |
| 703 | सत्परायणः | satparaayanah | The Supreme goal for the good |
| 704 | शूरसेनः | shoorasenah | One who has heroic and valiant armies |
| 705 | यदुश्रेष्ठः | yadu-shresthah | The best among the Yadava clan |
| 706 | सन्निवासः | sannivaasah | The abode of the good |
| 707 | सुयामुनः | suyaamunah | One who attended by the people dwelling on the banks of Yamuna |
| 708 | भूतावासः | bhootaavaaso | The dwelling place of the elements |
| 709 | वासुदेवः | vaasudevah | One who envelops the world with Maya |
| 710 | सर्वासुनिलयः | sarvaasunilayah | The abode of all life energies |
| 711 | अनलः | analah | One of unlimited wealth, power and glory |
| 712 | दर्पहा | darpahaa | The destroyer of pride in evil-minded people |
| 713 | दर्पदः | darpadah | One who creates pride, or an urge to be the best, among the righteous |
| 714 | दृप्तः | driptah | One who is drunk with Infinite bliss |
| 715 | दुर्धरः | durdharah | The object of contemplation |
| 716 | अथापराजितः | athaaparaajitah | The unvanquished |
| 717 | विश्वमूर्तिः | vishvamoortih | Of the form of the entire Universe |
| 718 | महामूर्तिः | mahaamortir | The great form |
| 719 | दीप्तमूर्तिः | deeptamoortir | Of resplendent form |
| 720 | अमूर्तिमान् | a-moortirmaan | Having no form |
| 721 | अनेकमूर्तिः | anekamoortih | Multi-formed |
| 722 | अव्यक्तः | avyaktah | Unmanifeset |
| 723 | शतमूर्तिः | shatamoortih | Of many forms |
| 724 | शताननः | shataananah | Many-faced |
| 725 | एकः | ekah | The one |
| 726 | नैकः | naikah | The many |
| 727 | सवः | savah | The nature of the sacrifice |
| 728 | कः | kah | One who is of the nature of bliss |
| 729 | किम् | kim | What (the one to be inquired into) |
| 730 | यत् | yat | Which |
| 731 | तत् | tat | That |
| 732 | पदमनुत्तमम् | padam-anuttamam | The unequalled state of perfection |
| 733 | लोकबन्धुः | lokabandhur | Friend of the world |
| 734 | लोकनाथः | lokanaathah | Lord of the world |
| 735 | माधवः | maadhavah | Born in the family of Madhu |
| 736 | भक्तवत्सलः | bhaktavatsalah | One who loves His devotees |
| 737 | सुवर्णवर्णः | suvarna-varnah | Golden-coloured |
| 738 | हेमांगः | hemaangah | One who has limbs of gold |
| 739 | वरांगः | varaangah | With beautiful limbs |
| 740 | चन्दनांगदी | chandanaangadee | One who has attractive armlets |
| 741 | वीरहा | veerahaa | Destroyer of valiant heroes |
| 742 | विषमः | vishama | Unequalled |
| 743 | शून्यः | shoonyah | The void |
| 744 | घृताशी | ghritaaseeh | One who has no need for good wishes |
| 745 | अचलः | acalah | Non-moving |
| 746 | चलः | chalah | Moving |
| 747 | अमानी | amaanee | Without false vanity |
| 748 | मानदः | maanadah | One who causes, by His maya, false identification with the body |
| 749 | मान्यः | maanyah | One who is to be honoured |
| 750 | लोकस्वामी | lokasvaamee | Lord of the universe |
| 751 | त्रिलोकधरक् | trilokadhrik | One who is the support of all the three worlds |
| 752 | सुमेधा | sumedhaa | One who has pure intelligence |
| 753 | मेधजः | medhajah | Born out of sacrifices |
| 754 | धन्यः | dhanyah | Fortunate |
| 755 | सत्यमेधः | satyamedhah | One whose intelligence never fails |
| 756 | धराधरः | dharaadharah | The sole support of the earth |
| 757 | तेजोवृषः | tejovrisho | One who showers radiance |
| 758 | द्युतिधरः | dyutidharah | One who bears an effulgent form |
| 759 | सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः | sarva-shastra-bhritaam-varah | The best among those who wield weapons |
| 760 | प्रग्रहः | pragrahah | Receiver of worship |
| 761 | निग्रहः | nigrahah | The killer |
| 762 | व्यग्रः | vyagrah | One who is ever engaged in fulfilling the devotee's desires |
| 763 | नैकशृंगः | naikashringah | One who has many horns |
| 764 | गदाग्रजः | gadaagrajah | One who is invoked through mantra |
| 765 | चतुर्मूर्तिः | chaturmoortih | Four-formed |
| 766 | चतुर्बाहुः | chaturbaahuh | Four-handed |
| 767 | चतुर्व्यूहः | chaturvyoohah | One who expresses Himself as the dynamic centre in the four vyoohas |
| 768 | चतुर्गतिः | chaturgatih | The ultimate goal of all four varnas and asramas |
| 769 | चतुरात्मा | chaturaatmaa | Clear-minded |
| 770 | चतुर्भावः | chaturbhaavas | The source of the four |
| 771 | चतुर्वेदविद् | chatur-vedavid | Knower of all four vedas |
| 772 | एकपात् | ekapaat | One-footed (BG 10.42) |
| 773 | समावर्तः | samaavartah | The efficient turner |
| 774 | निवृत्तात्मा | nivrittaatmaa | One whose mind is turned away from sense indulgence |
| 775 | दुर्जयः | durjayah | The invincible |
| 776 | दुरतिक्रमः | duratikramah | One who is difficult to be disobeyed |
| 777 | दुर्लभः | durlabhah | One who can be obtained with great efforts |
| 778 | दुर्गमः | durgamah | One who is realised with great effort |
| 779 | दुर्गः | durgah | Not easy to storm into |
| 780 | दुरावासः | duraavaasah | Not easy to lodge |
| 781 | दुरारिहा | duraarihaa | Slayer of the asuras |
| 782 | शुभांगः | shubhaangah | One with enchanting limbs |
| 783 | लोकसारंगः | lokasaarangah | One who understands the universe |
| 784 | सुतन्तुः | sutantuh | Beautifully expanded |
| 785 | तन्तुवर्धनः | tantu-vardhanah | One who sustains the continuity of the drive for the family |
| 786 | इन्द्रकर्मा | indrakarmaa | One who always performs gloriously auspicious actions |
| 787 | महाकर्मा | mahaakarmaa | One who accomplishes great acts |
| 788 | कृतकर्मा | kritakarmaa | One who has fulfilled his acts |
| 789 | कृतागमः | kritaagamah | Author of the Vedas |
| 790 | उद्भवः | udbhavah | The ultimate source |
| 791 | सुन्दरः | sundarah | Of unrivalled beauty |
| 792 | सुन्दः | sundah | Of great mercy |
| 793 | रत्ननाभः | ratna-naabhah | Of beautiful navel |
| 794 | सुलोचनः | sulochanah | One who has the most enchanting eyes |
| 795 | अर्कः | arkah | One who is in the form of the sun |
| 796 | वाजसनः | vaajasanah | The giver of food |
| 797 | शृंगी | shringee | The horned one |
| 798 | जयन्तः | jayantah | The conqueror of all enemies |
| 799 | सर्वविज्जयी | sarvavij-jayee | One who is at once omniscient and victorious |
| 800 | सुवर्णबिन्दुः | suvarna-binduh | With limbs radiant like gold |
| 801 | अक्षोभ्यः | akshobhyah | One who is ever unruffled |
| 802 | सर्ववागीश्वरेश्वरः | sarva-vaageeshvareshvarah | Lord of the Lord of speech |
| 803 | महाहृदः | mahaahradah | One who is like a great refreshing swimming pool |
| 804 | महागर्तः | mahaagartah | The great chasm |
| 805 | महाभूतः | mahaabhootah | The great being |
| 806 | महानिधिः | mahaanidhih | The great abode |
| 807 | कुमुदः | kumudah | One who gladdens the earth |
| 808 | कुन्दरः | kundarah | The one who lifted the earth |
| 809 | कुन्दः | kundah | One who is as attractive as Kunda flowers |
| 810 | पर्जन्यः | parjanyah | He who is similar to rain-bearing clouds |
| 811 | पावनः | paavanah | One who ever purifies |
| 812 | अनिलः | anilah | One who never slips |
| 813 | अमृतांशः | amritaashah | One whose desires are never fruitless |
| 814 | अमृतवपुः | amritavapuh | He whose form is immortal |
| 815 | सर्वज्ञः | sarvajna | Omniscient |
| 816 | सर्वतोमुखः | sarvato-mukhah | One who has His face turned everywhere |
| 817 | सुलभः | sulabhah | One who is readily available |
| 818 | सुव्रतः | suvratah | One who has taken the most auspicious forms |
| 819 | सिद्धः | siddhah | One who is perfection |
| 820 | शत्रुजित् | shatrujit | One who is ever victorious over His hosts of enemies |
| 821 | शत्रुतापनः | shatrutaapanah | The scorcher of enemies |
| 822 | न्यग्रोधः | nyagrodhah | The one who veils Himself with Maya |
| 823 | उदुम्बरः | udumbarah | Nourishment of all living creatures |
| 824 | अश्वत्थः | ashvattas | Tree of life |
| 825 | चाणूरान्ध्रनिषूदनः | chaanooraandhra-nishoodanah | The slayer of Canura |
| 826 | सहस्रार्चिः | sahasraarchih | He who has thousands of rays |
| 827 | सप्तजिह्वः | saptajihvah | He who expresses himself as the seven tongues of fire (Types of agni) |
| 828 | सप्तैधाः | saptaidhaah | The seven effulgences in the flames |
| 829 | सप्तवाहनः | saptavaahanah | One who has a vehicle of seven horses (sun) |
| 830 | अमूर्तिः | amoortih | Formless |
| 831 | अनघः | anaghah | Sinless |
| 832 | अचिन्त्यः | acintyo | Inconceivable |
| 833 | भयकृत् | bhayakrit | Giver of fear |
| 834 | भयनाशनः | bhayanaashanah | Destroyer of fear |
| 835 | अणुः | anuh | The subtlest |
| 836 | बृहत् | brihat | The greatest |
| 837 | कृशः | krishah | Delicate, lean |
| 838 | स्थूलः | sthoolah | One who is the fattest |
| 839 | गुणभृत् | gunabhrit | One who supports |
| 840 | निर्गुणः | nirgunah | Without any properties |
| 841 | महान् | mahaan | The mighty |
| 842 | अधृतः | adhritah | Without support |
| 843 | स्वधृतः | svadhritah | Self-supported |
| 844 | स्वास्यः | svaasyah | One who has an effulgent face |
| 845 | प्राग्वंशः | praagvamshah | One who has the most ancient ancestry |
| 846 | वंशवर्धनः | vamshavardhanah | He who multiplies His family of descendents |
| 847 | भारभृत् | bhaarabhrit | One who carries the load of the universe |
| 848 | कथितः | kathitah | One who is glorified in all scriptures |
| 849 | योगी | yogee | One who can be realised through yoga |
| 850 | योगीशः | yogeeshah | The king of yogis |
| 851 | सर्वकामदः | sarvakaamadah | One who fulfils all desires of true devotees |
| 852 | आश्रमः | aashramah | Haven |
| 853 | श्रमणः | shramanah | One who persecutes the worldly people |
| 854 | क्षामः | kshaamah | One who destroys everything |
| 855 | सुपर्णः | suparnah | The golden leaf (Vedas) BG 15.1 |
| 856 | वायुवाहनः | vaayuvaahanah | The mover of the winds |
| 857 | धनुर्धरः | dhanurdharah | The wielder of the bow |
| 858 | धनुर्वेदः | dhanurvedah | One who declared the science of archery |
| 859 | दण्डः | dandah | One who punishes the wicked |
| 860 | दमयिता | damayitaa | The controller |
| 861 | दमः | damah | Beautitude in the self |
| 862 | अपराजितः | aparaajitah | One who cannot be defeated |
| 863 | सर्वसहः | sarvasahah | One who carries the entire Universe |
| 864 | अनियन्ता | aniyantaa | One who has no controller |
| 865 | नियमः | niyamah | One who is not under anyone's laws |
| 866 | अयमः | ayamah | One who knows no death |
| 867 | सत्त्ववान् | sattvavaan | One who is full of exploits and courage |
| 868 | सात्त्विकः | saattvikah | One who is full of sattvic qualities |
| 869 | सत्यः | satyah | Truth |
| 870 | सत्यधर्मपराक्रमः | satya-dharma-paraayanah | One who is the very abode of truth and dharma |
| 871 | अभिप्रायः | abhipraayah | One who is faced by all seekers marching to the infinite |
| 872 | प्रियार्हः | priyaarhah | One who deserves all our love |
| 873 | अर्हः | arhah | One who deserves to be worshiped |
| 874 | प्रियकृत् | priyakrit | One who is ever-obliging in fulfilling our wishes |
| 875 | प्रीतिवर्धनः | preetivardhanah | One who increases joy in the devotee's heart |
| 876 | विहायसगतिः | vihaayasa-gatih | One who travels in space |
| 877 | ज्योतिः | jyotih | Self-effulgent |
| 878 | सुरुचिः | suruchih | Whose desire manifests as the universe |
| 879 | हुतभुक् | hutabhuk | One who enjoys all that is offered in yajna |
| 880 | विभुः | vibhuh | All-pervading |
| 881 | रविः | ravih | One who dries up everything |
| 882 | विरोचनः | virochanah | One who shines in different forms |
| 883 | सूर्यः | sooryah | The one source from where everything is born |
| 884 | सविता | savitaa | The one who brings forth the Universe from Himself |
| 885 | रविलोचनः | ravilochanah | One whose eye is the sun |
| 886 | अनन्तः | anantah | Endless |
| 887 | हुतभुक् | hutabhuk | One who accepts oblations |
| 888 | भोक्ता | bhoktaaA | One who enjoys |
| 889 | सुखदः | sukhadah | Giver of bliss to those who are liberated |
| 890 | नैकजः | naikajah | One who is born many times |
| 891 | अग्रजः | agrajah | The first-born |
| 892 | अनिर्विण्णः | anirvinnah | One who feels no disappointment |
| 893 | सदामर्षी | sadaamarshee | One who forgives the trespasses of His devotees |
| 894 | लोकाधिष्ठानम् | lokaadhishthaanam | The substratum of the universe |
| 895 | अद्भुतः | adbhutah | Wonderful |
| 896 | सनात् | sanaat | The beginningless and endless factor |
| 897 | सनातनतमः | sanaatanatamah | The most ancient |
| 898 | कपिलः | kapilah | The great sage Kapila |
| 899 | कपिः | kapih | One who drinks water |
| 900 | अव्ययः | avyayah | The one in whom the universe merges |
| 901 | स्वस्तिदः | svastidah | Giver of Svasti |
| 902 | स्वस्तिकृत् | svastikrit | One who robs all auspiciousness |
| 903 | स्वस्ति | svasti | One who is the source of all auspiciouness |
| 904 | स्वस्तिभुक् | svastibhuk | One who constantly enjoys auspiciousness |
| 905 | स्वस्तिदक्षिणः | svastidakshinah | Distributor of auspiciousness |
| 906 | अरौद्रः | araudrah | One who has no negative emotions or urges |
| 907 | कुण्डली | kundalee | One who wears shark earrings |
| 908 | चक्री | chakree | Holder of the chakra |
| 909 | विक्रमी | vikramee | The most daring |
| 910 | ऊर्जितशासनः | oorjita-shaasanah | One who commands with His hand |
| 911 | शब्दगतिः | shabdaatigah | One who transcends all words |
| 912 | शब्दसहः | shabdasahah | One who allows Himself to be invoked by Vedic declarations |
| 913 | शिशिरः | shishirah | The cold season, winter |
| 914 | शर्वरीकरः | sharvaree-karah | Creator of darkness |
| 915 | अक्रूरः | akroorah | Never cruel |
| 916 | पेशलः | peshalah | One who is supremely soft |
| 917 | दक्षः | dakshah | Prompt |
| 918 | दक्षिणः | dakshinah | The most liberal |
| 919 | क्षमिणांवरः | kshaminaam-varah | One who has the greatest amount of patience with sinners |
| 920 | विद्वत्तमः | vidvattamah | One who has the greatest wisdom |
| 921 | वीतभयः | veetabhayah | One with no fear |
| 922 | पुण्यश्रवणकीर्तनः | punya-shravana-keertanah | The hearing of whose glory causes holiness to grow |
| 923 | उत्तारणः | uttaaranah | One who lifts us out of the ocean of change |
| 924 | दुष्कृतिहा | dushkritihaa | Destroyer of bad actions |
| 925 | पुण्यः | punyah | Supremely pure |
| 926 | दुःस्वप्ननाशनः | duh-svapna-naashanah | One who destroys all bad dreams |
| 927 | वीरहा | veerahaa | One who ends the passage from womb to womb |
| 928 | रक्षणः | rakshanah | Protector of the universe |
| 929 | सन्तः | santah | One who is expressed through saintly men |
| 930 | जीवनः | jeevanah | The life spark in all creatures |
| 931 | पर्यवस्थितः | paryavasthitah | One who dwells everywhere |
| 932 | अनन्तरूपः | anantaroopah | One of infinite forms |
| 933 | अनन्तश्रीः | anantashreeh | Full of infinite glories |
| 934 | जितमन्युः | jitamanyuh | One who has no anger |
| 935 | भयापहः | bhayapahah | One who destroys all fears |
| 936 | चतुरश्रः | chaturashrah | One who deals squarely |
| 937 | गभीरात्मा | gabheeraatmaa | Too deep to be fathomed |
| 938 | विदिशः | vidishah | One who is unique in His giving |
| 939 | व्यादिशः | vyaadishah | One who is unique in His commanding power |
| 940 | दिशः | dishah | One who advises and gives knowledge |
| 941 | अनादिः | anaadih | One who is the first cause |
| 942 | भूर्भूवः | bhoor-bhuvo | The substratum of the earth |
| 943 | लक्ष्मीः | lakshmeeh | The glory of the universe |
| 944 | सुवीरः | suveerah | One who moves through various ways |
| 945 | रुचिरांगदः | ruchiraangadah | One who wears resplendent shoulder caps |
| 946 | जननः | jananah | He who delivers all living creatures |
| 947 | जनजन्मादिः | jana-janmaadir | The cause of the birth of all creatures |
| 948 | भीमः | bheemah | Terrible form |
| 949 | भीमपराक्रमः | bheema-paraakramah | One whose prowess is fearful to His enemies |
| 950 | आधारनिलयः | aadhaaranilayah | The fundamental sustainer |
| 951 | अधाता | adhaataa | Above whom there is no other to command |
| 952 | पुष्पहासः | pushpahaasah | He who shines like an opening flower |
| 953 | प्रजागरः | prajaagarah | Ever-awakened |
| 954 | ऊर्ध्वगः | oordhvagah | One who is on top of everything |
| 955 | सत्पथाचारः | satpathaachaarah | One who walks the path of truth |
| 956 | प्राणदः | praanadah | Giver of life |
| 957 | प्रणवः | pranavah | Omkara |
| 958 | पणः | panah | The supreme universal manager |
| 959 | प्रमाणम् | pramaanam | He whose form is the Vedas |
| 960 | प्राणनिलयः | praananilayah | He in whom all prana is established |
| 961 | प्राणभृत् | praanibhrit | He who rules over all pranas |
| 962 | प्राणजीवनः | praanajeevanah | He who maintains the life-breath in all living creatures |
| 963 | तत्त्वम् | tattvam | The reality |
| 964 | तत्त्वविद् | tattvavit | One who has realised the reality |
| 965 | एकात्मा | ekaatmaa | The one self |
| 966 | जन्ममृत्युजरातिगः | janma-mrityu-jaraatigah | One who knows no birth, death or old age in Himself |
| 967 | भूर्भुवःस्वस्तरुः | bhoor-bhuvah svas-taruh | The tree of the three worlds (bhoo=terrestrial, svah=celestial and bhuvah=the world in between) |
| 968 | तारः | taarah | One who helps all to cross over |
| 969 | सविताः | savitaa | The father of all |
| 970 | प्रपितामहः | prapitaamahah | The father of the father of beings (Brahma) |
| 971 | यज्ञः | yajnah | One whose very nature is yajna |
| 972 | यज्ञपतिः | yajnapatih | The Lord of all yajnas |
| 973 | यज्वा | yajvaa | The one who performs yajna |
| 974 | यज्ञांगः | yajnaangah | One whose limbs are the things employed in yajna |
| 975 | यज्ञवाहनः | yajnavaahanah | One who fulfils yajnas in complete |
| 976 | यज्ञभृद् | yajnabhrid | The ruler of the yajanas |
| 977 | यज्ञकृत् | yajnakrit | One who performs yajna |
| 978 | यज्ञी | yajnee | Enjoyer of yajnas |
| 979 | यज्ञभुक् | yajnabhuk | Receiver of all that is offered |
| 980 | यज्ञसाधनः | yajnasaadhanah | One who fulfils all yajnas |
| 981 | यज्ञान्तकृत् | yajnaantakrit | One who performs the concluding act of the yajna |
| 982 | यज्ञगुह्यम् | yajnaguhyam | The person to be realised by yajna |
| 983 | अन्नम् | annam | One who is food |
| 984 | अन्नादः | annaadah | One who eats the food |
| 985 | आत्मयोनिः | aatmayonih | The uncaused cause |
| 986 | स्वयंजातः | svayamjaatah | Self-born |
| 987 | वैखानः | vaikhaanah | The one who cut through the earth |
| 988 | सामगायनः | saamagaayanah | One who sings the sama songs; one who loves hearing saama chants; |
| 989 | देवकीनन्दनः | devakee-nandanah | Son of Devaki |
| 990 | स्रष्टा | srashtaa | Creator |
| 991 | क्षितीशः | kshiteeshah | The Lord of the earth |
| 992 | पापनाशनः | paapa-naashanah | Destroyer of sin |
| 993 | शंखभृत् | samkha-bhrit | One who has the divine Pancajanya |
| 994 | नन्दकी | nandakee | One who holds the Nandaka sword |
| 995 | चक्री | chakree | Carrier of Sudarsana |
| 996 | शार्ङ्गधन्वा | shaarnga-dhanvaa | One who aims His shaarnga bow |
| 997 | गदाधरः | gadaadharah | Carrier of Kaumodaki club |
| 998 | रथांगपाणिः | rathaanga-paanih | One who has the wheel of a chariot as His weapon; One with the strings of the chariot in his hands; |
| 999 | अक्षोभ्यः | akshobhyah | One who cannot be annoyed by anyone |
| 1000 | सर्वप्रहरणायुधः | sarva-praharanaayudhah | He who has all implements for all kinds of assault and fight |
Tradition of recitation
Since ancient times till date, many Hindus in traditional families daily recite the Sahasranama, or a similar set of prayer Slokas of their chosen deity. (Such a collection of Slokas which are used for recital purposes is generally called a Stotra (Both 't's have soft pronunciation.))
Inclusion of other deities
One notable thing about the Sahasranama is that it includes names of other Hindu deities such as Shiva, Brahma, etc. within it. According to followers of Vaishnava theology, this is an example of Vishnu considered in His universal aspect, as an aggregation, and basis of all other deities which emanate from Him. In this cosmic aspect, Vishnu is also called Mahavishnu (Great Vishnu). By an Advaitan interpretation, this notation is not surprising as followers of Advaita philosophy, in particular, Smartas believe that Vishnu and Shiva are the same and are hence different aspects of the one Supreme Being.
Quotes about Vishnu Sahasranama
- Sri N. Krishnamachari, a Vaishnavite scholar, at Stephen Knapp's website, quoting Vaishnavite scholars, states that there are six reasons for the greatness of Vishnusahasranama:
- Vishnusahasranama is the essence of the Mahabharata;
- Great sages such as Narada, the Alvars, and composers including Saint Tyagaraja have made repeated references to the "Thousand Names of Vishnu" in their devotional works;
- The person who strung together the thousand names as part of the Mahabharata and preserved it for the world was none other than Sage Veda Vyasa, the compiler of the Vedas, who is considered an Avatar of Vishnu;
- Bhishma considered chanting of the Vishnusahasranama the best and easiest of all dharmas, or the means to attain relief from all bondage;
- It is widely accepted that the chanting this Stotram gives relief from all sorrows, and leads to happiness and peace of mind;
- Vishnusahasranama is in conformity with the teachings of the Gita." [19]
- verse 27 of Bhaja Govindam attributed to Shankaracharya ,[29] said that the Gita and Vishnusahasranama should be chanted and the form of the Lord of Lakshmi, Vishnu should always be meditated on. He also said that the Sahasranama bestowed all noble virtues on those who chanted it.[21]
- Parasara Bhattar, a follower of Ramanujacharya had said that Vishnusahasranama absolves people of all sins and has no equal[21]
- Madhvacharya, propounder of Dvaita philosophy, said that the Sahasranama was the essence of the Mahabharata, which in turn was the essence of the Sastras and that each word of the Sahasranama had 100 meanings.[21]
- Swaminarayan, founder of the Hindu Swaminarayan faith, said in verse 118 of the scripture, Shikshapatri, that one should "either recite or have the 10th canto,(of Bhagavata Purana ) and also other holy scriptures like the "Vishnusahasranama" recited at a holy place according to one's capacity. "The recital is such that it gives fruits according to whatever is desired." [30]
- Swaminarayan also said in verses 93-96, "I have the highest esteem for these eight holy scriptures: 1-4)the four Vedas, 5) the Vyas-Sutra,(i.e., Brahma Sutras, 6) the Shrimad Bhagavatam, 7) Shri Vishnusahasranama in the Mahabharata, and 8) the Yajnavalkya Smrti which is at the center of the Dharma Scriptures; and all My disciples who wish to prosper should listen to these eight holy scriptures, and the brahmanas under my shelter should learn and teach these holy scriptures, and read them to others."
- Swami Sivananda, in his twenty important spiritual instructions, stated that the Vishnusahasranama, along with other religious texts, should be studied systematically.[23]
- Quote by A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada; on February 15, 1970 to J.F.Staal; Professor of Philosophy and of South Asian Languages. Second paragraph, states:
- ”In this way we find all the scriptures aiming at the Supreme Person. In the Rig Veda (1.22.20) the mantra is om tad vishnoh paramam padam sada pashyanti surayah ("The demigods are always looking to that supreme abode of Vishnu"). The whole Vedic process, therefore, is to understand Lord Vishnu, and any scripture is directly or indirectly chanting the glories of the Supreme Lord, Vishnu.”[31]
- sri rama rama rameti rame rame manorame
- sahasranama tat tulyam rama nama varanane
- "O Varanana (lovely-faced lady), I chant the holy name of Rama, Rama, Rama and thus constantly enjoy this beautiful sound. This holy name of Sri Rama is equal to one thousand holy names of Lord Vishnu." (Brhad Visnusahasranamastotra, Uttara-khanda, Padma Purana 72.335)
- Brahmānda Purana said:
- sahasra-namnam punyanam, trir-avrttya tu yat phalam
- ekavrttya tu krsnasya, namaikam tat prayacchati
- "The pious results (punya) achieved by chanting the thousand holy names of Vishnu (Vishnusahasranama-Stotram) three times can be attained by only one utterance of the holy name of Krishna."
- Shri Krishna Himself said:
- yo mam nama sahasrena stotum icchati pandava
- sohamekena slokena stuta eva na samsaya
- "Arjuna, One may be desirous of praising by reciting the thousand names. But, on my part, I feel praised by one sloka. There is no doubt about it.”[12]
- From the oldest scriptural text in Hinduism, the Rig Veda; V.I.15b.3, it states:
- "O ye who wish to gain realization of the Supreme Truth, utter the name of "Vishnu" at least once in the steadfast faith that it will lead you to such realization."
- Shri Shirdi Sai Baba in the Sai SatCharitra said to His devotee Shama to put across the efficacy of chanting Vishnu Sahasranaama:
"Oh Shama, this book is very valuable and efficacious, so I present it to you, you read it. Once I suffered intensely and My heart began to palpitate and My life was in danger. At that critical time, I hugged this book to My heart and then, Shama, what a relief it gave me! I thought that Allah Himself came down and saved Me. So I give this to you, read it slowly, little by little, read daily one name at least and it will do you good."
Phalasruti - Benefits of chanting Vishnusahasranama
The following lines are from the Mahabharata and are quoted portions from the text. Devotees believe that regular chanting of the hymn can accrue benefits.
I)On avoiding evil, success in battles, and gaining affluence, pleasure, happiness and offspring:
- vedantago brahmanasyat kshatriyo vijayeebhavet
- vaishyo dhanasamrudhyasyat shudra sukhamavapniyat
- Bhisma said, "Thus have I recited to thee, without any exception, the thousand excellent names of the high-souled Kesava whose glory should always be sung. Anyone who hears the names every day or who recites them every day, never meets with any evil either here or hereafter. If a Brahmana does this he succeeds in mastering the Vedanta; if a Kshatriya does it, he is always successful in battles. A Vaisya, by doing it, becomes possessed of affluence, while a Sudra earns great happiness."
- If one becomes desirous of earning the merit of righteousness, one succeeds in earning it (by hearing or reciting these names). If it is wealth that one desires, one succeeds in earning wealth (by acting in this way). So also the man who wishes for enjoyments of the senses succeeds in enjoying all kinds of pleasures, and the man desirous of offspring acquires offspring (by pursuing this course of conduct).
II)On acquiring fame, prosperity, prowess, energy, strength, beauty, removing fear, avoiding calamity, and being cured of disease:
- "That man who with devotion and perseverance and heart wholly turned towards him, recites these thousand names of Vasudeva every day, after having purified himself, succeeds in acquiring great fame, a position of eminence among his kinsmen, enduring prosperity, and lastly, that which is of the highest benefit to him (viz., emancipation Moksha itself). Such a man never meets with fear at any time, and acquires great prowess and energy. Disease never afflicts him; splendour of complexion, strength, beauty, and accomplishments become his. The sick become hale, the afflicted become freed from their afflictions; the frightened become freed from fear, and he that is plunged in calamity becomes freed from calamity."
- "The man who hymns the praises of that foremost of Beings by reciting His thousand names with devotion succeeds in quickly crossing all difficulties. That mortal who takes refuge in Vasudeva and who becomes devoted to Him, becomes freed of all sins and attains to eternal Brahman. They who are devoted to Vasudeva have never to encounter any evil. They become freed from the fear of birth, death, decrepitude, and disease."
III)On acquiring righteousness and intelligence, and avoiding the sins of evil:
- "That man who with devotion and faith recites this hymn (consisting of the thousand names of Vasudeva) succeeds in acquiring felicity of soul, forgiveness of disposition, Prosperity, intelligence, memory, and fame. Neither wrath, nor jealousy, nor cupidity, nor evil understanding ever appears in those men of righteousness who are devoted to that foremost of beings. The firmament with the sun, moon and stars, the welkin, the points of the compass, the earth and the ocean, are all held and supported by the prowess of the high-souled Vasudeva. The whole mobile and immobile universe with the deities, Asuras, and Gandharvas, Yakshas, Uragas and Rakshasas, is under the sway of Krishna."
IV)On the origins of the soul, the source of righteous behavior, and the basis of all knowledge and existence:
- "The senses, mind, understanding, life, energy, strength and memory, it has been said, have Vasudeva for their soul. Indeed, this body that is called Kshetra, and the intelligent soul within, that is called the knower of Kshetra, also have Vasudeva for their soul. Conduct (consisting of practices) is said to be the foremost of all topics treated of in the scriptures. Righteousness has conduct for its basis. The unfading Vasudeva is said to be the Lord of righteousness. The Rishis, the Pitris, the deities, the great (primal) elements, the metals, indeed, the entire mobile and immobile universe, has sprung from Narayana. Yoga, the Sankhya Philosophy, knowledge, all mechanical arts, the Vedas, the diverse scriptures, and all learning, have sprung from Janardana. Vishnu is the one great element or substance which has spread itself out into multifarious forms. Covering the three worlds, He the soul of all things, enjoys them all."
- His glory knows no diminution, and He it is that is the Enjoyer of the universe (as its Supreme Lord). This hymn in praise of the illustrious Vishnu composed by Vyasa, should be recited by that person who wishes to acquire happiness and that which is the highest benefit (viz., emancipation). Those persons that worship and adore the Lord of the universe, that deity who is inborn and possessed of blazing effulgence, who is the origin or cause of the universe, who knows no deterioration, and who is endued with eyes that are as large and beautiful as the petals of the lotus, have never to meet with any discomfiture."
Bhisma's quote cited from Kisari Mohan Ganguli's translation of Vishnusahasranama (public domain)
See also
- Hare Krishna
- Sandhyavandhanam
- Brahmin
- Bhadrakalpikasutra
Notes
- ↑ D. Kinsley (1974), Through the Looking Glass, History of Religions, 13(4), pages 270-305
- ↑ For IAST version of Sanskrit for these verses, see: Sankaranarayan 1996, pp. 2–5.
- ↑ For Sanskrit text and translation, see: Tapasyananda, pp. 3-4.
- ↑ Sankara Bhashya on Vishnusahasranaama
- ↑ Tapasyananda, pg. iv.
- ↑ Transcription of Sankara's commentary to Vishnusahasranamastotra, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur. The names "Shiva", "Shambhu", "Eesanah", and "Rudra" are to be found in slokas 17, 18, 21, and 26 respectively
- ↑ Commentary to sloka 13, "yatra puMliGgashabdaprayOgaH, tatra viSNurvishESyaH; yatra strIliMga shabdaH, tatra dEvatA prayOgaH; yatra napuMsaliGga prayOgaH, tatra brahmEti vishEshyatE (where a word of masculine gender is used, the noun is Vishnu, in feminine gender the noun is Devata, and in neuter gender the noun is Brahma)", Transcription of Sankara's commentary to Vishnusahasranamastotra
- ↑ Commentary to sloka 17 in Transcription of Sankara's commentary to Vishnusahasranamastotra, "sivAdi nAmabhiH hariH eva stUyate"
- ↑ http://www.ahobilavalli.org/vishnu_sahasra_namam_vol1.pdf
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Tapasyananda, pg. 47.
- ↑ Bhag-P 4.4.14 "Siva means mangala, or auspicious"
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Srivaishnavism
- ↑ Foreword of P. Sankaranarayan's translation of Vishnu sahasranama, Bhavan's Book University
- ↑ http://shivayavishnurupaya.blogspot.com/2011/04/shivaya-vishnu-rupaayashiva-rupaaya.html
- ↑ Tapasyananda, Swami. Sri Vishnu Sahasranama, pg. 62.
- ↑ Tapasyananda, Swami. Sri Vishnu Sahasranama, pgs. 48, 49, 87, 96 and 123.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Tapasyananda, Swami. Sri Vishnu Sahasranama, pg. 48.
- ↑ , story #53
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 http://www.stephen-knapp.com/thousand_names_of_the_supreme.htm
- ↑ Bhaja Govindam: kamakoti.org
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 "On the Buddha in verse". The Hindu (Chennai, India). December 16, 2005.
- ↑ Shree Swaminarayan Temple Cardiff - Scriptures - Shikshapatri
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 20 Important Spiritual Instructions
- ↑ The Krishna Consciousness Movement is the Genuine Vedic Way
- ↑ http://www.kamakotimandali.com/srividya/saptashati.html
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Brihat Parashara Hora Shastra, Vol. 2, pg. 740, by Maharshi Parashara, with translation, commentary and editing by R. Santhana, Ranjan Publications, New Delhi, India
- ↑ Vijaya Kumar, The Thousand Names of Vishnu
- ↑ B.K. Chaturvedi, Vishnu Puran, page 126
- ↑ Bhaja Govindam: kamakoti.org
- ↑ Shree Swaminarayan Temple Cardiff - Scriptures - Shikshapatri
- ↑ The Krishna Consciousness Movement is the Genuine Vedic Way
References
- Sankaranarayan, P. (1996), Śrī Viṣṇu Sahasranāma Stotram, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. With an English Translation of Sri Sankara Bhagavatpada's Commentary
- Tapasyananda, Swami, Sri Vishnu Sahasranama, Chennai: Sri Ramakrishna Math. Sanskrit and English, with an English translation of Sri Sankara Bhagavatpada's commentary.
Further reading
- Sanskrit & Hindi: Sri Vishnu Sahasranama, Gita Press, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273005, India
- Sanskrit & English: The Thousand Names of Vishnu and the Satyanarayana Vrat, translated by Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Devi Mandir, Napa.
Other translations:
- Sanskrit & Gujarati: Sri Vishnu Sahasranama Stotram; translated by Shri Yogeshwarji, India @ www.swargarohan.org
- Sanskrit & English: Sri Vishnu Sahasranama Stotram; translated by Swami Vimalananda, Sri Ramakrishna Tapovanam, Tiruchirapalli, India, 1985
External links
- The original Sanskrit at Wikisource.
- Youtube Video to learn and hear Visnu Sahasranama on YouTube – Includes Sanskrit, transliteration and English translation.
- A 5-volumes English commentary at Ahobilavalli site.
- English and Sanskrit at Swami Krishnananda's
- Excerpt from the Mahabharata translation by Ganguly at Sacred Texts.
- Sung by Srivatsa Krishna to Carnatic music
- Transliterations into many scripts.
- PDF English version with audio and links at the Matheson Trust.
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