Utica, New York

Utica, New York
City
City of Utica
Clockwise from top: Looking south on Utica's Genesee Street, Stanley Theater, Panorama of downtown from I-790, Utica Marsh, Fountain Elms, Utica Memorial Auditorium, Liberty Bell Corner

Flag
Seal

City logo
Nickname(s): The Handshake City, Sin City, The City that God Forgot, Elm Tree City[1][2]

Location in Oneida County and New York
Utica, New York

Location in the United States

Coordinates: 43°05′41″N 75°16′33″W / 43.09472°N 75.27583°WCoordinates: 43°05′41″N 75°16′33″W / 43.09472°N 75.27583°W
Country  United States
State  New York
County Oneida
First settled (village) January 2, 1734
Incorporated (village) April 3, 1798
Incorporated (city) February 13, 1832
Government
 • Type Mayor-council
 • Mayor Robert M. Palmieri (D)
Area
 • City 43.0 km2 (16.6 sq mi)
 • Land 42.3 km2 (16.3 sq mi)
 • Water 0.7 km2 (0.3 sq mi)
Elevation 139 m (456 ft)
Population (2010)[3]
 • City 62,235
 • Estimate (2013[4]) 61,808
 • Density 1,471.3/km2 (3,818.1/sq mi)
 • Urban 117,328 (U.S.: 268th)
 • Metro 299,397 (U.S.: 163rd)
Demonym Utican
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 13500-13599
Area code(s) 315
FIPS code 36-76540
GNIS feature ID 0968324[5]
Website cityofutica.com

Utica (pronounced i/ˈjuːtɨkə/) is a city in the Mohawk Valley and the county seat of Oneida County, New York, United States.[6] The tenth most populous city in New York,[7] its population was 62,235 as of the 2010 U.S. census,[8] an increase of 2.6% from the 2000 census. Located on the Mohawk River at the foot of the Adirondack Mountains, Utica is approximately 90 miles (145 km) northwest of Albany[9] and 45 miles (72 km) east of Syracuse, New York.[9] While Utica and the neighboring city of Rome have their own metropolitan area, the metro area and cities often share services between the Capital District and Syracuse metro areas.[10][11][12][13]

Formerly a river settlement inhabited by the Iroquois confederacy, Utica strengthened its position as a stopover city between Albany and Syracuse by way of the Erie Canal, Chenango Canal, and railways during the 19th and 20th centuries.[14][15][16][17][18] The city's importance along the canals was later marked by its industrial success in the silverware industry and as the world's largest producer of textiles during the 19th century.[19][20] Throughout the 20th century, Utica's political corruption and organized crime gave it the moniker "Sin City" and later, "the city that God forgot."[21][22]

Similar to other Rust Belt cities, Utica's economic downturn has challenged the city to recover from subsequent urban decentralization to nearby suburbs, industrial decline from globalization, and poverty associated with the city's socioeconomic stress and political issues.[23][24] With a low cost of living,[25] Utica has become a melting pot for refugees from war-torn countries around the world, while also serving as the home to numerous colleges and universities.[26][27][28][29]

According to the 2010 census, the Utica–Rome Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) contains 299,397 people within Oneida and Herkimer counties.[8] Counties in the Mohawk Valley region have a combined population of 622,133 residents.[lower-alpha 1]

History

An 1873 aerial map of Utica. The Mohawk River and Erie Canal are depicted at the bottom of the map.

Utica, a village originally inhabited by the Mohawk people of the Iroquois confederacy, was established on the site of Old Fort Schuyler, built in 1758 during the French and Indian War.[30][31][32][33] The tract of land on which the fort sat was part of a 20,000 acre (80.94 km²) portion of marshland granted by King George II of Great Britain to William Cosby, Governor of New York, on January 2, 1734.[34] Since the fort was located near several trails, including the Great Indian Warpath, its position on a bend at a shallow point in the Mohawk River made it important for fording purposes. The Mohawk tribe would name the bend Unundadages, meaning "around the hill" in the Mohawk language, later present on the city seal.[35][36][37]

During the American Revolution, border raids from British-affiliated Iroqouis tribes were used as an excuse to allow the Rangers to enter Central New York and displace the Iroquois from their settlements.[37] The destruction of the villages and settlements would then allow for the arrival of immigrants from New England.[38]

In 1794, a state road was built west from Utica to the Genesee River and was then named Genesee Road. A contract was awarded the same year to the Mohawk Turnpike and Bridge Company to extend the road northeast to Albany, and in 1798, the road was extended,[39] the same year the village was named and incorporated.[33] The creation of the Seneca Turnpike became the key growth and development of Utica, replacing a worn footpath with a paved road.[40] The village became the resting area on the Mohawk River for goods and people moving through Western New York and past the Great Lakes.[41][42]

A department store fire rocks Genesee St, May 13, 1905.

Several theories exist surrounding the etymology of Utica.[43] While surveyor Robert Harper claimed he named the city,[43] the most common theory for its etymology involves a 1798 meeting at Bagg's Tavern, a resting place for travelers passing through the village, where the city's name was selected in a drawing from a hat with thirteen entries.[37][43] With the village's new name chosen, its boundaries were defined in an act passed by the New York State Legislature on April 3, 1798.[44]

Utica expanded its borders in subsequent charters in 1805 and 1817. On April 5, 1805, the eastern and western boundaries of the village were expanded,[45] while on April 7, 1817, the village separated from Whitestown to the west.[33][46] The city charter was passed by the state legislature on February 13, 1832.[33][47] The growth of Utica during the 19th century is accounted from the rise of its population, with the U.S. Census ranking the city as the 29th largest in the country with 20,000 residents in 1845.[48]

Utica's location on the Erie and Chenango canals stimulated its industrial development, allowing for the transportation of anthracite coal from northeast Pennsylvania to be used in local manufacturing and distribution.[49] The economy of Utica was centered around manufacturing sectors in furniture, heavy machinery, textiles, and lumber.[50] With the Embargo Act of 1807 and investments from local entrepreneurs, the northeastern United States had a firm grasp on the textile industry, and Utica’s economy began to take off.[51]

In addition to canals, Utica's economy was bolstered by railways which were constructed through the city. The earliest railroad in Utica was the Mohawk and Hudson River Railroad Company, which later became the Utica and Schenectady Railroad Company in 1833. The railway was a 78-mile long connection between Schenectady and Utica, formed in 1836 using the right-of-way previously occupied by the Mohawk and Hudson River Railroad.[14][52] Later railroads such as the Syracuse and Utica Railroad would merge along with the Utica and Schenectady Railroad to form the New York Central Railroad, heavily used as a forest railway in the Adirondacks during the 20th century.[53]

Newsboys for the Utica Saturday Globe, 1910

With a population of over 650 fugitive slaves during the 1850s, Utica played a major role in the Underground Railroad, as the city was located on a slave escape route from the Southern Tier to Canada by way of Albany, Syracuse, and Rochester.[54][55] The route, used by Harriet Tubman to travel to Buffalo,[56] allowed fugitive slaves to pass through Utica utilizing the New York Central Railroad right-of-way heading west on their journey to Canada.[56] Utica was the focus city for Methodist preacher Orange Scott's antislavery sermons during the 1830s and 1840s, and was the city where he formed an abolitionist group in 1843.[55] Despite the efforts by local abolitionists to support the antislavery movement, anti-abolitionist riots and mobs forced many abolition meetings to other cities.[57]

The early 1900s brought advancements in railways to Utica, with New York Central electrifying 49 miles of rail from the city to Syracuse in 1907 for its West Shore Line interurban service.[58] In 1902, the Utica and Mohawk Valley Railway connected Rome to Little Falls via a 37.5-mile electrified railway through Utica.[59]

Throughout the early 20th century, Utica was known as "Sin City," owing to the extent of its corruption and control by the political machines of the Democratic Party.[60][61][62][63] The 1950s saw trucker Rufus P. Elefante come to power,[64][65] though he never ran for office.[66] Formerly a Republican, Elefante's power was influenced by the support of New York governor Franklin D. Roosevelt.[67] From the turn of the 20th century to the 1980s, the city had an organized crime presence, largely made up of the American mafia.[63][68]

As a rust belt city, Utica was heavily affected by deindustrialization, which caused a major reduction in manufacturing activity during the latter half of the 20th century. The opening of the New York State Thruway in 1954 which bypassed the city, decline of activity on the Erie Canal, and the decline of railroads in the United States also contributed to the downfall of the local economy.[69] In the 1980s and 1990s, major employers such as General Electric and Lockheed Martin began to close plants in Utica and Syracuse.[70][71]

With urban jobs relocating to the towns and villages surrounding Utica, suburbanization allowed for the expansion of the nearby town of New Hartford and the village of Whitesboro, causing a severe decline in the urban population, a reflection of the statewide trend of population decreases outside of New York City.[24]

Despite the city's economic decline, Utica has benefitted from its low cost of living,[25] attracting immigrants and refugees from around the world as a result of global conflicts such as the Bosnian War and Iraq War.[27][72][73] The city continues to be the focus of local, regional, and statewide economic revitalization efforts.[74][75][76] In 2010, Utica developed its first comprehensive master plan in over fifty years.[77][78]

  1. ^ Clukey, Keshia (24 May 2011). "Public Eye: Liberty Bell Corner will get a makeover". Observer-Dispatch (GateHouse Media). Retrieved 20 April 2015. 

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 16.6 square miles (43 km2), of which, 16.4 square miles (42 km2) is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km2) (1.57%) is water. Utica is located at New York's geographic center, adjacent to the western border of Herkimer County, New York, and at the southwest base of the Adirondack Mountains.[79] The city and surrounding suburbs are bound by the Allegheny Plateau to the south and the Adirondack Mountains to the north.[80] The geographic coordinates of the city of Utica are 43°5′41″N 75°16′33″W / 43.09472°N 75.27583°W (43.094718, -75.276013),[81] with an elevation of 456 feet (139 m) above sea level.

November 1985 photo of the Mohawk Valley from Space Shuttle Challenger, with Utica to the center-left and Albany to the center-right.
The Utica Marsh is a series of wetlands north of the city.

Topography

The city's Mohawk name Unundadages, meaning "around the hill," refers to its elevated position as viewed from the Deerfield Hills to the north.[35] The Erie Canal and Mohawk River pass through northern Utica. Northwest of the city's downtown along its edge is the Utica Marsh, a series of cattail wetlands with a variety of animals, plants and birds, sandwiched between the Erie Canal and Mohawk River, and partly in the Town of Marcy.[82][83] During the 1850s, plank roads were constructed to handle the marshland surrounding the city.[20] While Utica's surrounding suburbs feature more hills and cliffs than the city, its position where the Mohawk Valley forms a wide plain gives much of the city a slanted, flat topography.[79]

Cityscape

The Utica State Office Building, the tallest building in Utica
The Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, Oneida Square

Utica's architecture embraces many qualities that defined Buffalo, Rochester and Syracuse,[19] including Greek Revival, Italianate, Gothic Revival and Neoclassical styles. Constructed in 1972, the modernist-style Utica State Office Building stands at 17 floors and 227 feet, the city's tallest building.[84]

With no master plan created for the city, early settlers and property owners heavily contributed to its layout, with many families and individuals contributing to street names.[85] Streets created when the city was a village had more irregularities than streets that came later in the 19th and 20th centuries. As a result of the city's position adjacent to the Mohawk River, it is offset at an angle, where only some streets run north-to-south or east-to-west. Remnants of the Utica's early electric rail systems can be seen in the west and south neighborhoods of the city, as they were constructed within the city streets.[86][35][87]

Climate

Utica exhibits a continental climate with four distinct seasons, and lies within the humid continental climate, or warm summer climate (Köppen Dfb)[88][89] zone, generally characterized by cold winters and moderate summers, average summer daytime temperatures of 70–82 °F (21-28 °C), with average winter daytime temperatures lower than -3 °C (27 °F).[89] Since Utica lies in USDA plant hardiness zone 5a, native vegetation can withstand temperatures from -10 °F to -20 F (-28.9 °C to -26.1 °C).[90]

Daytime highs during the summer are generally between 75 °F (24 °C) and 85 °F (29 °C), with some days not reaching 70 °F (21 °C) being common. Summer nights usually bottom out somewhere between 50 °F (10 °C) and 60 °F (16 °C).

Winters in Utica are very cold and snowy, as the area is susceptible to lake effect snow from Lake Erie and Lake Ontario to the west.[91][92][93] On average, Utica is also colder than other Great Lakes cities as it is subject to northerly winds from the south and is situated in a valley, where cold air from the hills flows downward onto the city.[94] As a result, temperatures in the single digits or below zero are not uncommon for winter nights in Utica. The lowest recorded temperature in the city was -28 °F (-33 °C),[95] which occurred first on February 18, 1979, and again on January 12, 1981.[95] The highest recorded temperature for the city was 100 °F (38 °C), which occurred on July 19, 1953. Normal yearly precipitation based on the 30-year average from 1981–2010 is 42.1 inches (1,069 mm), falling on an average 171 days.[96]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
185017,565—
186022,52928.3%
187028,80427.9%
188033,91417.7%
189044,00729.8%
190056,38328.1%
191074,41932.0%
192094,15626.5%
1930101,7408.1%
1940100,518−1.2%
1950100,4890.0%
1960100,410−0.1%
197091,611−8.8%
198075,632−17.4%
199068,637−9.2%
200060,523−11.8%
201062,2352.8%
Est. 201361,808[4]−0.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[98]

According to the 2010 census, the population of the city was 62,235.[8] The population density was 3,818.1 people per square mile (1,471.3/km²). There were 28,166 housing units at an average density of 1,696.7 per square mile (655.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.0% White, 15.3% African American, 0.3% Native American, 7.4% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 3.9% from other races, and 4.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.5% of the population.

There were 25,100 households out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.5% were married couples living together, 16.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.3% were non-families. 37.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 3.04.

The Partners Trust Bank within the Savings Bank of Utica building was formerly known as "The Bank with the Gold Dome."[99]

In the city, the population was spread out with 24.1% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 88.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $24,916, and the median income for a family was $33,818. Males had a median income of $27,126 versus $21,676 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,248. About 19.8% of families and 24.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 38.0% of those under age 18 and 12.1% of those age 65 and over.

The arrival of a large number of immigrants over the past several years has stanched a population loss that had been steady for more than three decades.[26] With almost 60% percent of the city's population under 50 in 2006, the city amassed a large group of younger refugees.[100] According to the Mohawk Valley Resource Center for Refugees, one quarter of Utica's population is represented by refugee families,[27] with groups settling from countries including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vietnam, Italy, Thailand, and Belarus.[101] Bosnian Americans make up the largest nationality of recent immigrants in the city, numbering over 8,000.[102] Other recent immigrant groups include Burmese, Sudanese, and Somali Bantu.[103]

Economy

An early Savage Arms advertisement, 1904

During the mid-1800s, Utica took advantage of the canals and railroads that passed through the city, with industries producing goods such as furniture, locomotive headlights, steam gauges, firearms, textiles, and lumber.[50][104] World War I allowed for the growth of Savage Arms, who produced the Lewis gun for the British Army, while the city itself was one of the richest per capita in the United States.[105]

The Matt Brewing Company plant in West Utica, producer of Saranac.

In the latter half of the 20th century, Utica's recessions were longer than the national average.[106] The outmigration of defense companies, such as Lockheed Martin, formed from the merger of the Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta in 1995, and the electrical manufacturing industry heavily contributed to the city's economic stress.[106] From 1975 until 2001, Utica's economic growth rate was similar to that of Buffalo, with other Upstate New York cities such as Rochester and Binghamton outperforming the cities.[106]

Today, the Mohawk Valley's economy is based upon logistics, industrial processes, machinery, and industry services.[107] In Rome, the former Griffiss Air Force Base has developed into a regional employer by developing into a center for technology. The Turning Stone Resort & Casino in Verona has become a regional tourist destination, with multiple expansions during the 1990s and 2000s.[108]

In the city of Utica, larger employers include the ConMed Corporation, a surgical device and orthotics manufacturer which occupies a former General Electric and Lockheed Martin factory,[109] and Faxton St. Luke's Healthcare, a system of hospitals.[110] Construction jobs, such as those for the Utica Arterial project, continue to provide growth for the public sector job market.[111] Although passenger and commercial traffic on the Erie Canal has declined since the 19th century, its function as a barge canal has allowed heavy cargo to travel through Utica and bypass the New York State Thruway and intermodal railroads.[112]

Government

Utica, New York
Crime rates (2013)
Crime type Rate*
Homicide:7
Forcible rape:27
Robbery:102
Aggravated assault:225
Total Violent crime:361 Decrease
Burglary:449
Larceny-theft:1,998
Motor vehicle theft:82
Total Property crime:2,529 Decrease
Notes
* Number of reported crimes per 100,000 population.
Arson data not provided; 2013 est. population: 61,808
Source: Utica City Police Department
The United States District Court for the Northern District of New York has offices in the Alexander Pirnie Federal Building.

The city government consists of a mayor who is elected at large. The common council consists of ten members, six of which are elected from single member districts.[113] The other four are elected at large, including a council president.[113] The council operates eight standing committees handling city issues including transportation, education, finance and public safety.[114]

According to the comptroller's office, in 2014, the city of Utica's governmental expenses totaled US $79.3 million, with a net increase of US $940,000 from the previous year.[115] The 2015-2016 budget proposes a general funds spending of US $66.3 million dollars.[116]

City taxes collected in 2014 amounted to US $25,972,930, with a tax rate per thousand of US $25.24.[116]

Utica is served by the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York, with offices in the Alexander Pirnie Federal Building.[117]

According to the Utica City Police Department, there were seven murders, 102 robberies, 27 forcible rapes, and 225 aggravated assaults in 2013, a decrease from the previous year, representing a violent crime rate of 0.6%. There were 432 burglaries, 1,826 larcenies, and 108 motor vehicle thefts, a decrease from 2013, representing a property crime rate of 4.1%. The total crime for 2014 was 2,755, a decrease from the previous year, with an overall crime rate of 4.7%. When compared to other cities in New York, the crime rate in Utica is generally lower.[118][119]

Arts and culture

Utica's position in the heart of the Northeastern United States has allowed for the blending of different cultures and traditions. The city shares similarities with other cities in the Central New York region, including its dialect, Inland Northern American English, which is present in other Rust Belt cities such as Buffalo, Elmira, and Erie, Pennsylvania.[120]

Formerly a movie palace, the Baroque-style Stanley Center for the Arts opened in 1928.

The city shares cuisine similarities with the Mid-Atlantic states, with local and regional influences to cuisine. Utica's melting pot of immigrant and refugee groups,[121] including Dutch, Italian, German, Irish, and more recently Bosnian,[27] have played a role in developing cuisine, introducing international dishes such as ćevapi and pasticciotti[nb 1] into the community.[124][125] Examples of Utica's staples include Utica riggies,[126] Utica greens,[127] half-moons,[128][129] and tomato pie.[130] Other popular dishes in the city include pirogues, penne alla vodka, and sausage and peppers.[131][132] Utica's history is also rooted in the brewing industry, with the family-owned Matt Brewing Company ranked as the 15th-largest brewery in the United States by sales volume in 2012.[133][134]

The Fort Schuyler Club, a traditional gentlemen's club, was formed in 1883.[135]

The Boilermaker Road Race, the city's annual marathon organized with the National Distance Running Hall of Fame, attracts runners from the region and around the world, with representation from nations such as Kenya and Romania.[136][137] The Children's Museum of Natural History, Science and Technology, adjacent to Union Station, opened in 1963. In 2002, the museum partnered with NASA, featuring exhibits and events from the agency.[138][139] The Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute, an art museum founded in 1960, is operated with the Pratt Institute and features its two-year college, permanent art collections and rotating exhibits.[140]

The Utica Psychiatric Center, formerly a Greek Revival insane asylum, was the birthplace of the Utica crib, a restraining device which was frequently used at the asylum from the mid-19th century to 1887.[43][141][142][143] The Stanley Center for the Arts, a mid-sized concert and performance venue, was designed by Thomas W. Lamb in 1928 and features theatrical and musical performances from local organizations and touring acts.[144] The Hotel Utica, designed by architectural firm Esenwein & Johnson in 1921, was a nursing and residential care facility until the mid-1970s[145] and has featured guests including Franklin Roosevelt, Judy Garland, and Bobby Darwin.[146][147]

Sports

The Utica Comets, an affiliate of the National Hockey League's Vancouver Canucks, began playing in the American Hockey League in the 2013-14 AHL season, with home games at the Utica Memorial Auditorium.[148][149]

The Utica Memorial Auditorium during a Utica Comets game, 2013

The Utica Devils were a member of the American Hockey League (AHL) from 1987-1993, while the Utica Bulldogs (1993–94) Utica Blizzard (1994-97), and Mohawk Valley Prowlers (1998-01) were members of the United Hockey League (UHL).[150]

Utica was the home of the Utica Blue Sox (1939-01), a New York–Penn League baseball team formerly an affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays, with their last affiliation being with the Florida Marlins. Former baseball teams also include the Utica Asylums (1900) and the Boston Braves affiliate, Utica Braves (1939–42).[151]

Parks and recreation

View of Downtown Utica from the Utica Zoo

Utica's park system contains over 677 acres of parks and recreation centers, with most city parks containing community centers and swimming pools.[5] Architect Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr., who designed New York City's Central Park as well as Delaware Park in Buffalo, designed the Utica Parks and Parkway Historic District, a national historic district in Utica.[152] Olmsted also designed Memorial Parkway, a four-mile, tree-lined boulevard connecting the district's parks while encircling the city's southern neighborhoods.[153][154] The district includes the Roscoe Conkling Park, F.T. Proctor Park, the Parkway, and T.R. Proctor Park.[155][156]

The city's municipal golf course, Valley View, was designed by golf course architect Robert Trent Jones and is located south of the city near the village of New Hartford.[5] The Utica Zoo, a regional zoo located south of the city, and the Val Bialas Ski Chalet, an urban ski slope featuring skiing, snowboarding, outdoor skating, and tubing are located within Roscoe Conkling Park[157]

Other district parks within Utica include the Addison Miller Park, Chancellor Park, Seymour Park, and Wankel Park, among smaller neighborhood parks.[158]

Education

An aerial photo looking from south to north of the SUNY Polytechnic Institute, partially within North Utica and the Town of Marcy

Similar to Ithaca and Syracuse, Utica has a mixture of both public and private colleges and universities, with three state colleges and four private colleges in the Utica–Rome metropolitan area. The SUNY Polytechnic Institute, located partially within North Utica and the town of Marcy on an 850-acre campus, enrolls over 2,000 students[159] and is one of eight technology colleges and 14 doctoral-granting universites within the State University of New York (SUNY).[160][161] Empire State College and Mohawk Valley Community College, the largest college between Syracuse and Albany,[162] serve the cities of Utica and Rome, with Mohawk Valley enrolling nearly 7,000 students.

Thomas R. Proctor High School

Formerly a satellite campus of Syracuse University, Utica College is a four-year, private liberal arts college home to over 3,000 students.[163] Established in 1904, St. Elizabeth College of Nursing partners with regional institutions to provide degrees in nursing.[164] A satellite college of the Pratt Institute, PrattMWP College of Art and Design offers programs in the fine arts, while the Utica School of Commerce offers business-related programs throughout its campuses in Central New York.[165][166]

Utica is served by the Utica City School District, with an enrollment of nearly 10,000 students in 2012.[167] The district includes the Thomas R. Proctor High School, James H. Donovan Middle School, and twelve high schools. Formerly the city's original public high school, Utica Free Academy closed in 1987.[168] Utica is also home to Notre Dame Junior Senior High School, a small parochial high school founded in 1959 by the Xaverian Brothers.[169]

Media

The Utica Public Library, a historic Neoclassical-style building, opened in 1903

The Utica market is served by five stations affiliated with major American television networks, including WKTV (NBC), WUTR (ABC), WFXV (FOX), and WKTV-DT2 (CW). WTVH, the CBS affiliate in Syracuse, serves as the de facto CBS affiliate for the Utica TV market.[11] Additionally, PBS affiliate WCNY-TV in Syracuse operates translator W22DO-D in the area, which broadcasts on analog channel 22 and digital channel 24. Some low-power television stations also broadcast in the area, such as WPNY-LP (MyNetwork TV). Cable television customers are served by the Syracuse offices of Time Warner Cable, which also offers a local news service, a local sports channel, and public-access channels.[170] Dish Network and DirecTV also serve local satellite television customers with local broadcast channels.[171][172]

Utica's daily newspaper is the Observer-Dispatch, while the Utica Phoenix, established in 2002, operates as an independent newspaper.[173]

The Utica area is served by 26 FM radio stations and nine AM radio stations. Major radio station operators in the Utica area include Townsquare Media and Galaxy Communications.

Although Utica has been referenced in popular culture,[174][175][176] the city has also been the subject of films, such as Slap Shot (1977), and television shows such as The Office.[175][177][178]

Infrastructure

Utica's Union Station is served daily by Amtrak.
An early Federal Highway Administration map of the Interstate Highway System in Utica. Interstate 90 and I-790 are shown in the shaded pattern.

Transportation

While Griffiss International Airport in Rome primarily serves military and general aviation, regional, domestic and international passenger air transportation in the Utica–Rome metropolitan area is generally provided by Syracuse Hancock International Airport and Albany International Airport.[179]

Amtrak's Empire, Maple Leaf, and Lake Shore Limited train services all have stops at Utica's Union Station. Utica's public bus transportation service is provided through the Central New York Regional Transportation Authority (CENTRO), a Syracuse mass transit operator which runs a total of twelve lines in the city and has a hub in downtown Utica.[180] Intercity bus service is provided through Greyhound and Birnie Bus Company, with weekday and Saturday service to Syracuse[181] and both services stopping at Union Station.[182][183]

Genesee Street traverses through downtown Utica to the village of New Hartford.

From the 1960s to the 1970s, New York state planners envisioned a system of arterial highways within Utica, some of which would include connections to Binghamton and Interstate 81.[184] However, as a result of community opposition,[185] only portions of the highway project project were completed, including the North–South Arterial Highway, which passes to the west of the city.[184][186] Of the existing Utica highway network, six New York State highways, one three-digit interstate highway and one two-digit interstate highway pass through the city. New York State Route 49 and New York State Route 840 are both east-west expressways running along the north and south borders of the city, respectively. Both expressways have eastern termini within the city. New York State Route 5 and its alternate routes, New York State Route 5S and New York State Route 5A are east-west roads and expressways which pass through the city, with NY 5S's western terminus occurring in Utica. Along with NY 5 and Interstate 790, an indirect auxiliary highway of Interstate 90 in Utica, New York State Route 12 and New York State Route 8 form the North–South Arterial Highway.

Utilities

Electricity generation in the city of Utica is provided by National Grid plc, a British energy corporation which acquired the city's former electricity provider, Niagara Mohawk, in 2002.[187] The city is also near the crossroads of major electrical transmission lines,[188] with substations in the town of Marcy and an expansion project in the planning and development stages by the New York Power Authority, National Grid, Con Edison, and NYSEG, a subsidiary of Iberdrola USA.[189][190] In 2009, city businesses including Utica College and St. Luke's Medical Center created a microgrid, while in 2012, the Utica City Council explored the concept of a public, city owned power utility.[191][192][193]

The city's natural gas is provided by National Grid[194] and NYSEG.[195][196]

City rubbish is collected and disposed weekly by the Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Authority,[197] a public benefit corporation which operates single-stream recycling, waste reduction and composting, and disposal of hazardous materials and demolition debris.[198]

Utica's wastewater is treated by the Mohawk Valley Water Authority, with facilities capable of processing 32 million gallons of water per day.[199][200] Water treated by the facilities is also tested for impurities including pathogens, nitrates, nitrites, and bacteria.[199] The source of the city's drinking water is within the Adirondack Mountains, where freshwater from streams and creeks flows into the Hinckley Reservoir in Ohio, New York to the municipal water supply.[200]

Healthcare

Primary healthcare services in Utica are provided by the Mohawk Valley Health System, a nonprofit organization which operates Faxton St. Luke's Healthcare and the St. Elizabeth Medical Center.[201] The St. Luke's and Faxton hospital campuses operate a total of 370 acute and 202 long term beds, while the St. Elizabeth Medical Center operates 201 acute care beds.[202] Both the St. Luke's campus and Faxton campus operate surgical centers, while the St. Elizabeth Medical Center operates trauma and surgical centers.[201]

Notable people

  1. ^ Hellmann, Paul T. (2006-02-14). Historical Gazetteer of the United States. Routledge. p. 798. ISBN 1135948593. 
  2. ^ Davis, James L. (2013-10-14). Legendary Locals of Greater Utica. Arcadia Publishing. p. 55. ISBN 978-1-4671-0084-7. 
  3. ^ Jet. 6 105. Johnson Publishing Company. 2004-02-09. p. 64. ISSN 0021-5996. 
  4. ^ Bromberg, Howard. Great Lives From History: Incredibly Wealthy. Aware Journalism. p. 1027. ISBN 978-1-5876-5664-4. 

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Calculated from the total populations of Oneida, Herkimer, Schenectady, Otsego, Fulton, and Montgomery counties as of the 2010 census.
  2. ↑ Humidity data calculated from the averages of morning and evening relative humidities.
  1. ↑ Locally known as pusties.[122][123]

References

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  191. ↑ Roth, Amy (September 18, 2014). "Mini electric stations, such as at Faxton St. Luke's, being touted". Observer-Dispatch. GateHouse Media. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
  192. ↑ Zeman, F. (2012-09-11). Metropolitan Sustainability: Understanding and Improving the Urban Environment. Elsevier. p. 544. ISBN 978-0-8570-9646-3.
  193. ↑ Miner, Dan (26 January 2012). "Utica forming panel to study possibility of new power system". Observer-Dispatch. GateHouse Media. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
  194. ↑ "Proceeding To Examine Policies Regarding the Expansion of Natural Gas Service Case 12-G-0297" (PDF). New York State Public Service Commission. National Grid. January 9, 2013. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
  195. ↑ Handelman, David. "National Grid requests $400,000 from city". Retrieved 2015-04-21.
  196. ↑ "NYSEG | Service Area". New York State Electric & Gas. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
  197. ↑ "City of Utica Garbage & Recycling: Collection & Disposal Information" (PDF). Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Authority. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
  198. ↑ "About Us » Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Authority". Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Authority. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
  199. ↑ 199.0 199.1 "Water Quality". Mohawk Valley Water Authority. Mohawk Valley Water Authority. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  200. ↑ 200.0 200.1 "Water Quality Report 2014" (PDF). Mohawk Valley Water Authority. Mohawk Valley Water Authority. 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  201. ↑ 201.0 201.1 "About the Mohawk Valley Health System | Mohawk Valley Health System". Mohawk Valley Health System. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
  202. ↑ "Fact Sheet | Mohawk Valley Health System". Mohawk Valley Health System. Retrieved 2015-04-21.

Bibliography

Further reading

  • Bartholomew, Harland (1921). A preliminary report on major streets, Utica, New York. Willard Press. OCLC 682139143.
  • Bean, Philip A. (2004). La Colonia: Italian Life and Politics in Utica, New York, 1860-1960. Utica College, Ethnic Heritage Studies Center. ISBN 978-0-9660-3630-5.
  • Bean, Philip A. (2010). The Urban Colonists: Italian American Identity and Politics in Utica, New York. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-3238-2.
  • Hopper, Wilbert Clayton (1933). The marketing of fruits and vegetables in the city of Utica. New York State College of Agriculture. OCLC 63975458.
  • Ferris, T. Harvey (1913). Utica, the heart of the Empire state. Library of Congress. ASIN B00486TJ2C.
  • Kobryn, Nancy (1995). Guts and glory, tragedy and triumph: the Rufus P. Elefante story. Steffen Pub. OCLC 40756638.
  • Shumway, Daniel (2014). Utica Beer: A History of Brewing in the Mohawk Valley. The History Press. ISBN 978-1-6261-9338-3.
  • Utica Public Library (1932). A bibliography of the history and life of Utica; a centennial contribution. Goodenow Print. Co. OCLC 1074083.
  • Webster, Dennis; Peck, Bernadette (2014). Haunted Utica: Mohawk Valley Ghosts and Other Historic Haunts. The History Press. ISBN 978-1-6258-4593-1.

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