United States Ambassador to France
| Ambassador of the United States to France Ambassadeur des États-Unis en France | |
|---|---|
|
Seal of the United States Department of State | |
| Residence | Hôtel de Pontalba |
| Appointer |
Barack Obama As President of the United States |
| Inaugural holder |
Benjamin Franklin as Envoy |
| Formation | 1778 |
| Website | U.S. Embassy - Paris |
There has been a United States Ambassador to France since the American Revolution. The United States sent its first envoys to France in 1776, towards the end of the four-centuries-old Bourbon dynasty. The American diplomatic relationship with France has continued throughout that country's five republican regimes, two periods of French empire, the Bourbon Restoration, and its July Monarchy. After the Battle of France, the United States maintained diplomatic relations with Vichy France until France severed them on the date Operation Torch was launched in November, 1942; the Embassy was reopened December, 1944.
United States Representatives in Paris
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United States Envoys to France
During the Ancien Régime:
- Benjamin Franklin, Arthur Lee, Silas Deane (substituted by John Adams in 1778) Dec. 1776–1779
Benjamin Franklin
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
James Monroe
- John Barker Church 1783–1785
United States Ministers Plenipotentiary to France
During the Ancien Régime:
- Benjamin Franklin —Appointed Sep 14, 1778; Presented credentials Mar 23, 1779; Termination of mission May 17, 1785
- Thomas Jefferson—Appointed Mar 10, 1785; Presented credentials: May 17, 1785 – Termination of mission September 26, 1789
- William Short April 20, 1790 – May 15, 1792
During the First Republic:
- Gouverneur Morris 1792–1794
- James Monroe 1794–1796
- Charles Cotesworth Pinckney 1796–1797
- Robert R. Livingston 1801–1804
Edward Livingston
During the First French Empire:
- John Armstrong 1804–1810
- Joel Barlow 1811–1812
- William H. Crawford 1813–1815
During the Bourbon Restoration and July Monarchy:
- Albert Gallatin 1816-1823
- James Brown 1824-1829
- William C. Rives 1829-1833
- Levett Harris, April 1833–September 1833
- Edward Livingston, 1833-1836
- Lewis Cass, 1836-1842
- William Rufus King, 1844-1846
- Richard Rush, 1847-1848
During the Second French Republic:
- Richard Rush, 1848-1849
- William Cabell Rives, 1849-1853
During the Second French Empire:
- John Y. Mason, 1853-1859
- William L. Dayton, 1861-1864
- John Bigelow, 1864-1866
- John Adams Dix 1866–1869
United States Ambassadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to France
During the French Third Republic:
- Elihu B. Washburne 1869-1877
- Edward F. Noyes 1877-1881
- Levi P. Morton 1881-1885
- Robert Milligan McLane 1885-1889
- Whitelaw Reid 1889-1892
- T. Jefferson Coolidge 1893-1893
- James Biddle Eustis 1893–1897
- Horace Porter 1897–1905
- Robert Sanderson McCormick 1905–1907
- Henry White 1907–1909
- Robert Bacon 1909–1912
- Myron T. Herrick 1912–1914
- William Graves Sharp 1914–1919
- Hugh Campbell Wallace 1919–1921
- Myron T. Herrick 1921–1929
- Walter E. Edge 1929-1933
- Jesse Isidor Straus 1933–1936
- William C. Bullitt 1936–1940
During Vichy France:
- William D. Leahy 1941–1942
- After Leahy left, S. Pinkney Tuck served as interim Chargé d'affaires until France severed diplomatic relations with the U.S. on November 8, 1942, the date of Operation Torch
During the French Fourth Republic:
- Jefferson Caffery 30 December 1944 – 1949
- The Embassy in Paris had been opened to the public Dec 1, 1944, with Ambassador Caffery in charge pending presentation of his letter of credence.
- David K. E. Bruce 1949–1952
- James C. Dunn 1952–1953
- C. Douglas Dillon 1953–1957
R. Sargent Shriver
During the French Fourth Republic and the French Fifth Republic:
- Amory Houghton 1957-1961
During the French Fifth Republic:
- James M. Gavin 1961–1962
- Charles E. Bohlen 1962–1968
- Robert Sargent Shriver, Jr. 1968–1970
- Arthur K. Watson 1970–1972
- John N. Irwin, II 1973–1974
- Kenneth Rush 1974–1977
- Arthur A. Hartman 1977–1981
- Evan Griffith Galbraith 1981–1985
- Joe M. Rodgers 1985–1989
- Walter Curley 1989–1993
- Pamela Harriman 1993–1997
- Felix Rohatyn 1997–2000
- Howard H. Leach 2001–2005
- Craig Roberts Stapleton 2005–2009
- Charles Rivkin 2009–2013[1]–2013.[2]
- Mark A. Taplin 2013–2014 (Interim)[3]
- Jane D. Hartley 2014–present
See also
- List of French ambassadors to the United States
- Embassy of the United States, Paris
- France – United States relations
- Foreign relations of France
- Ambassadors of the United States
References
- ↑ "New U.S. Envoy Takes Up Post" by Brian Knowlton, The New York Times, Aug. 16, 2009. Retrieved 8/31/09.
- ↑ "Ambassador Charles Rivkin permanently departed post on Tuesday, November 19, 2013 following his nomination by President Obama to serve as Assistant Secretary of the State Department’s Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs." Retrieved 1/29/14
- ↑ "Our Charge D'Affairs Ad Interim". US Embassy to France. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
- United States Department of State: Background notes on France
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Department of State (Background Notes).- David McCullough, The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris, Simon & Schuster, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4165-7176-6
External links
- United States Department of State: Chiefs of Mission for France
- United States Department of State: France
- United States Embassy in Paris
- Interview with 1984 U.S. Ambassador to France from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives
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