UEFA coefficient

In European football, the UEFA coefficients are statistics used for ranking and seeding teams in club and international competitions. The coefficients are calculated by UEFA, who administer football within Europe.

For men's competitions (discussed in this article), three different sets of coefficients are calculated:

• National team coefficient: used to rank national teams, for seeding in the UEFA Euro qualifying and finals tournaments
• Country coefficient: used to rank the collective performance of the clubs of each member association, for assigning the number of places, and at what stage clubs enter the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League
• Club coefficient: used to rank individual clubs, for seeding in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League

While not discussed in this article, coefficients are calculated in a similar fashion for women's competitions such as the UEFA Women's Euro^[1] and the UEFA Women's Champions League,^[2][3] as well as for youth tournaments such as the UEFA Euro U-21 tournament.^[4]

National team coefficient

The UEFA national team coefficient is derived from the results of each European national football team, and only calculated by UEFA every second year in November; defined as being the point of time when all UEFA nations have completed the qualification stage of the upcoming World Cup or European Championship tournament.

The purpose of calculating the coefficients is to compile an official UEFA rank, to be used as seeding criteria for the European nations, when drawing up qualification groups and the final tournament groups of the European Championship. Previously, up until 2006, the UEFA national team coefficient was also used for the seeded draw of World Cup qualification groups in Europe, while the draw for final tournament groups of the World Cup was always seeded on the basis of the official FIFA World Rankings. The reason why UEFA stopped using UEFA national team coefficients for the seeding of World Cup qualification groups was a request from FIFA to only use the official FIFA ranking for all seeded draws related to the World Cup tournament.

Old ranking and calculation method

It was first introduced in 2003 and used for seeding the 2004 European Final tournament and 2006 World Cup qualification. Until the end of the Euro 2008 tournament, the UEFA national team coefficient was calculated by dividing the number of all points scored (three points for a win, one for a draw) by the number of all matches played, in the last two qualification rounds of the World Cup or European Championship. Results from the final tournaments, Play-off matches and friendly games were all ignored. In those cases where a nation did not take part at one of the two latest qualifying rounds, due to being directly qualified as a host, only one qualifying round would be taken into account.

If two or more nations ended up with exactly the same coefficient, the following ranking criteria was applied:

1. Highest coefficient from the matches played in the most recent qualifying competition.
2. Biggest average goal difference per game, found by dividing the sum of all goal differences by the number of ranked matches.
3. Highest average number of goals scored per game.
4. Highest average number of away goals scored per game.
5. Drawing of lots.

The last three times UEFA used this calculation method was for the final UEFA coefficients in 2003, 2005 and 2007.^[5]

New ranking and calculation method

On 20 May 2008, UEFA announced changes to the coefficient ranking system.^[6][7][8] The ranking will continue to be calculated every second year in November, but under the new system, teams now gain ranking points for each game played in the most recently completed full cycle (defined as all qualifying games and final tournament games) of both the World Cup and European Championship, with addition of ranking points for each game played at the latest completed half cycle (defined as all games played in the latest qualifying round). Ranking points for all games played inside those two and a half cycles, will be awarded according to the rules listed below.

1. 10,000 points are awarded for each match played, regardless of the match result.
2. Each team earns an additional 30,000 for winning and 10,000 for drawing.
3. In case of a game decided by penalty shoot out, the points are allocated as a draw, with the winner of the shoot-out gaining an additional 10,000 points.
4. Each match at the final tournament, or play-offs to determine qualification, are also granted some extra bonus points, ranging from 6,000 points for all play-offs or World Cup group stage games, to 38,000 points for playing a final.
5. 501 points are earned for each goal scored, and -500 are given for each goal conceded.
6. Coefficients are calculated for each two and a half cycle, by dividing the sum of earned points with the number of games played.
7. When calculating the overall average coefficient for the cycles, the latest full cycle and half cycle will each have double the weight, compared to the oldest full cycle.
8. Special arrangements are in place for those nations that did not participate in one of the previous qualifying tournaments due to hosting the competition.

Final ranking in 2009

The coefficients from November 2009, to be used for the seeding and pot placements in the draw for UEFA Euro 2012 qualification groups, were calculated for each country by averaging:

• 40% of the average points per game, earned in the 2010 World Cup qualifying stage.
• 40% of the average points per game, earned in the 2008 Euro qualifying stage and final tournament.
• 20% of the average points per game, earned in the 2006 World Cup qualifying stage and final tournament.

The new official UEFA coefficients were calculated for the first time in November 2009:^[9]

1.  Spain 39,964 2.  Germany 38,294 3.  Netherlands 37,821 4.  Italy 35,838 5.  England 34,819 6.  Croatia 33,677 7.  Portugal 33,226 8.  France 32,551 9.  Russia 32,477 10.  Greece 31,268 11.  Czech Republic 30,871 12.  Sweden 30,695 13.   Switzerland 30,395 14.  Serbia 29,811

15.  Turkey 29,447 16.  Denmark 29,222 17.  Slovakia 28,228 18.  Romania 28,145 19.  Ukraine 28,133 20.  Israel 28,052 21.  Bulgaria 27,198 22.  Finland 26,827 23.  Poland 26,620 24.  Norway 26,210 25.  Republic of Ireland 25,971 26.  Scotland 25,646 27.  Northern Ireland 24,518

28.  Austria 24,381 29.  Bosnia and Herzegovina 24,365 30.  Slovenia 24,221 31.  Latvia 23,303 32.  Hungary 23,048 33.  Lithuania 22,071 34.  Belarus 21,515 35.  Belgium 21,426 36.  Wales 21,274 37.  Macedonia 19,409 38.  Cyprus 18,791 39.  Montenegro 18,751 40.  Albania 18,319

41.  Estonia 17,792 42.  Georgia 15,819 43.  Moldova 15,734 44.  Iceland 15,404 45.  Armenia 15,164 46.  Kazakhstan 14,730 47.  Liechtenstein 13,581 48.  Azerbaijan 13,500 49.  Luxembourg 11,872 50.  Malta 11,517 51.  Faroe Islands 10,620 52.  Andorra 9,197 53.  San Marino 7,783

Final ranking in 2011

The coefficients to be calculated for UEFA Euro 2012 final tournament were found by averaging:^[10]

• 40% of the average points per game, earned in the 2012 Euro qualifying stage.
• 40% of the average points per game, earned in the 2010 World Cup qualifying stage and final tournament.
• 20% of the average points per game, earned in the 2008 Euro qualifying stage and final tournament

The seeding and pot placements of the qualified teams in the draw for Euro 2012 were based on UEFA coefficients, determined on 16 November 2011, which are as follows:^[11]

1.  Spain 43,116 2.  Netherlands 40,860 3.  Germany 40,446 4.  Italy 34,357 5.  England 33,563 6.  Russia 33,212 7.  Croatia 33,003 8.  Greece 32,455 9.  Portugal 31,717 10.  Sweden 31,675 11.  Denmark 31,205 12.  France 30,508 13.  Czech Republic 29,602 14.  Republic of Ireland 28,576

15.  Ukraine 28,029 16.  Serbia 27,975 17.   Switzerland 27,745 18.  Turkey 27,144 19.  Norway 27,093 20.  Slovakia 27,035 21.  Israel 26,942 22.  Bosnia and Herzegovina 26,502 23.  Hungary 26,110 24.  Slovenia 25,643 25.  Romania 24,968 26.  Finland 24,673 27.  Scotland 24,426

28.  Poland 23,806 29.  Austria 23,246 30.  Latvia 23,185 31.  Northern Ireland 22,959 32.  Belarus 22,638 33.  Belgium 22,539 34.  Bulgaria 22,189 35.  Wales 21,633 36.  Montenegro 20,901 37.  Estonia 19,951 38.  Armenia 19,746 39.  Lithuania 19,706 40.  Macedonia 18,764

41.  Albania 17,904 42.  Georgia 16,563 43.  Cyprus 16,511 44.  Moldova 16,423 45.  Iceland 15,343 46.  Azerbaijan 14,931 47.  Kazakhstan 14,638 48.  Luxembourg 13,145 49.  Liechtenstein 13,005 50.  Faroe Islands 12,176 51.  Malta 10,599 52.  Andorra 8,467 53.  San Marino 7,451

Final ranking in 2013

The coefficients from 2013, to be used for the seeding and pot placements in the draw for UEFA Euro 2016 qualification groups, were calculated for each country by averaging:

• 40% of the average ranking points per game earned in the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifying stage.
• 40% of the average ranking points per game earned in the UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying stage and final tournament.
• 20% of the average ranking points per game earned in the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying stage and final tournament.

The seeding and pot placements of the teams in the draw for UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying were based on UEFA coefficients, determined on 12 December 2013, which are as follows:^[12]

1.  Spain 42,158 2.  Germany 41,366 3.  Netherlands 38,541 4.  Italy 35,343 5.  England 34,885 6.  Portugal 34,314 7.  Greece 33,540 8.  Russia 32,946 9.  Bosnia and Herzegovina 31,416 10.  Ukraine 31,156 11.  France 30,992 12.  Croatia 30,652 13.  Sweden 30,111 14.  Denmark 29,660

15.   Switzerland 29,572 16.  Belgium 28,732 17.  Czech Republic 28,234 18.  Hungary 27,802 19.  Republic of Ireland 26,733 20.  Serbia 25,985 21.  Turkey 25,955 22.  Slovenia 25,834 23.  Israel 25,442 24.  Norway 25,341 25.  Slovakia 25,333 26.  Romania 25,038 27.  Austria 24,572

28.  Poland 23,095 29.  Montenegro 22,991 30.  Armenia 22,861 31.  Scotland 22,234 32.  Finland 22,001 33.  Latvia 20,771 34.  Wales 20,551 35.  Bulgaria 20,391 36.  Estonia 19,988 37.  Belarus 19,646 38.  Iceland 19,243 39.  Northern Ireland 19,201 40.  Albania 19,151

41.  Lithuania 19,026 42.  Moldova 18,301 43.  Macedonia 17,376 44.  Azerbaijan 16,901 45.  Georgia 16,766 46.  Cyprus 14,235 47.  Luxembourg 14,050 48.  Kazakhstan 13,961 49.  Liechtenstein 12,220 50.  Faroe Islands 11,751 51.  Malta 10,740 52.  Andorra 8,560 53.  San Marino 7,420

Country coefficient

The country coefficient is used to rank the football associations of Europe, and thus determine the number of clubs from an association that will participate in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League.

The UEFA ranking determines the number of teams competing in the season after the next, not in the first season after the publication of the ranking. Thus, the rankings at the end of the 2014–15 season determine the team allocation by association in the 2016–17 (not 2015–16) UEFA season; however, the actual teams that will be participating are determined at the end of the 2015–16 season when the individual association classifications and national cups are finalized.

This coefficient is determined by the results of the clubs of the associations in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League games over the past five seasons. Two points are awarded for each win by a club, and one for a draw (points are halved in the qualifying and playoff rounds). Results determined by extra time do count in determining the allocation of points, but results determined by penalty-shootouts do not affect the allocation of points, other than for bonus points given for qualification into the latter rounds of the Champions League or the Europa League. The number of points awarded each season is divided by the number of teams that participated for that association in that season. This number is then rounded down to three decimal places (e.g. 2⅔ would be rounded to 2.666).^{[13] [14]}

To determine a country's coefficient for a particular season, the coefficients for the last five seasons are added. Bonus points are added to the number of points scored in a season. Bonus points are allocated for:

• Clubs that reach the quarter-finals, semi-finals, or final of either the UEFA Champions League or the UEFA Europa League (1 bonus point).
• Clubs that qualify for the group stage of the Champions League (4 bonus points).
• Clubs that qualify for the round of 16 of the Champions League (5 bonus points).

Current ranking

The ranking below takes into account of each association's performance in European competitions from 2010–11 to 2014–15, with the 2014–15 season currently taking place.

The final ranking at the end of the 2014–15 season will be used to determine the number of places for each association in the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League and 2016–17 UEFA Europa League.

Note: Starting from the 2015–16 season, all associations will have a maximum of three teams entering the Europa League (currently associations 7–9 have four entrants).^[15]

As of 23 April 2015 the coefficients are as follows:^[16]

Rank 2015	Rank 2014	Mvmt.	Member association (L: League, C: Cup, LC: League cup1)	2010–11	2011–12	2012–13	2013–14	2014–15	Coeff.	Teams	CL places	EL places	Total
1	1	—	Spain (L, C)	18.214	20.857	17.714	23.000	18.357	98.142	3/7	4	3	7
2	2	—	England (L, C, LC1)	18.357	15.250	16.428	16.785	13.571	80.391	0/7
3	3	—	Germany (L, C)	15.666	15.250	17.928	14.714	15.571	79.129	1/7
4	4	—	Italy (L, C)	11.571	11.357	14.416	14.166	18.166	69.676	3/6	3		6
5	5	—	Portugal (L, C)	18.800	11.833	11.750	9.916	9.083	61.382	0/6
6	6	—	France (L, C, LC1)	10.750	10.500	11.750	8.500	10.916	52.416	0/6
7	7	—	Russia (L, C)	10.916	9.750	9.750	10.416	9.666	50.498	0/6	2		5
8	9	+1	Ukraine (L, C)	10.083	7.750	9.500	7.833	9.333	44.499	1/6
9	8	–1	Netherlands (L, C)	11.166	13.600	4.214	5.916	6.083	40.979	0/6
10	10	—	Belgium (L, C)	4.600	10.100	6.500	6.400	9.600	37.200	0/5
11	13	+2	Switzerland (L, C)	5.900	6.000	8.375	7.200	6.900	34.375	0/5
12	11	–1	Turkey (L, C)	4.600	5.100	10.200	6.700	6.000	32.600	0/5
13	12	–1	Greece (L, C)	7.600	7.600	4.400	6.100	6.200	31.900	0/5
14	15	+1	Czech Republic (L, C)	3.500	5.250	8.500	8.000	3.875	29.125	0/4
15	16	+1	Romania (L, C)	3.166	4.333	6.800	6.875	5.125	26.299	0/4
16	14	–2	Austria (L, C)	4.375	7.125	2.250	7.800	4.125	25.675	0/4	1		4
17	20	+3	Croatia (L, C)	4.125	3.750	4.375	4.375	6.875	23.500	0/4
18	18	—	Cyprus (L, C)	3.125	9.125	4.000	2.750	3.300	22.300	0/5
19	21	+2	Poland (L, C)	4.500	6.625	2.500	3.125	4.750	21.500	0/4
20	17	–3	Israel (L, C)	4.625	6.000	3.250	5.750	1.375	21.000	0/4
21	22	+1	Belarus (L, C)	5.875	3.125	4.500	1.750	5.500	20.750	0/4
22	19	–3	Denmark (L, C)	6.700	3.100	3.300	3.800	2.900	19.800	0/5
23	23	—	Scotland (L, C)	3.600	2.750	4.300	3.250	4.000	17.900	0/4
24	24	—	Sweden (L, C)	2.600	2.900	5.125	3.200	3.900	17.725	0/5
25	25	—	Bulgaria (L, C)	4.625	1.500	0.750	5.625	4.250	16.750	0/4
26	26	—	Norway (L, C)	2.375	2.300	4.900	2.600	2.200	14.375	0/5
27	27	—	Serbia (L, C)	3.500	2.125	3.000	2.500	2.750	13.875	0/4
28	29	+1	Slovenia (L, C)	1.500	2.250	3.250	2.625	4.000	13.625	0/4
29	32	+3	Azerbaijan (L, C)	2.000	1.375	3.000	2.500	3.625	12.500	0/4
30	30	—	Slovakia (L, C)	3.000	2.375	1.500	1.625	2.750	11.250	0/4
31	28	–3	Hungary (L, C)	2.750	2.250	3.000	0.875	2.125	11.000	0/4
32	34	+2	Kazakhstan (L, C)	0.875	1.625	1.375	3.125	3.375	10.375	0/4
33	31	–2	Moldova (L, C)	2.125	0.500	2.250	3.375	1.750	10.000	0/4
34	33	–1	Georgia (L, C)	1.875	2.875	1.500	1.875	1.250	9.375	0/4
35	36	+1	Finland (L, C)	1.800	1.500	2.000	0.500	2.400	8.200	0/5
36	37	+1	Iceland (L, C)	0.375	1.375	1.250	2.500	2.500	8.000	0/4
37	35	–2	Bosnia and Herzegovina (L, C)	1.875	1.125	1.250	1.500	1.750	7.500	0/4
38	46	+8	Liechtenstein (C2)	0.500	2.000	0.000	1.000	2.500	6.000	0/1	0	1	1
39	42	+3	Macedonia (L, C)	1.375	1.625	1.250	0.500	1.125	5.875	0/4	1	3	4
40	43	+3	Republic of Ireland (L, C)	1.000	1.500	1.000	0.250	2.000	5.750	0/4
41	39	–2	Montenegro (L, C)	1.750	0.500	1.375	1.250	0.750	5.625	0/4
42	40	–2	Albania (L, C)	0.875	0.875	0.750	2.000	0.875	5.375	0/4
43	44	+1	Luxembourg (L, C)	0.625	1.125	1.375	1.500	0.500	5.125	0/4
44	47	+3	Northern Ireland (L, C)	1.125	0.500	1.000	0.875	1.375	4.875	0/4
45	41	–4	Lithuania (L, C)	0.625	1.000	1.125	1.250	0.500	4.500	0/4
46	38	–8	Latvia (L, C)	0.500	0.625	1.250	1.625	0.250	4.250	0/4
47	45	–2	Malta (L, C)	1.500	0.833	0.875	0.875	0.125	4.208	0/4
48	50	+2	Estonia (L, C)	0.250	0.375	0.375	1.000	1.500	3.500	0/4
49	51	+2	Faroe Islands (L, C)	0.250	0.500	0.500	0.875	1.375	3.500	0/4
50	48	–2	Wales (L, C)	0.875	0.625	0.500	0.750	0.125	2.875	0/4
51	49	–2	Armenia (L, C)	0.250	0.125	0.875	1.125	0.375	2.750	0/4
52	53	+1	Andorra (L, C)	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.333	0.500	0.833	0/3		2	3
53	52	–1	San Marino (L, C)	0.166	0.000	0.000	0.333	0.000	0.499	0/3
54	54	—	Gibraltar (L, C)	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.250	0.250	0/2		1	2

¹ The winners of the league cups of England and France are given a place in the UEFA Europa League by special permission from UEFA.
² The Liechtenstein Football Association does not organize a national league competition as it does not have the necessary amount of national clubs. As a result, the only competitor from Liechtenstein in European competitions is the Liechtenstein Cup winners, who qualify for the UEFA Europa League.

UEFA uses this coefficient system to decide which teams gain automatic entry to the group stage and which teams must go through qualifying. The teams who occupy the top three league places in the countries ranked 1 to 3 in UEFA competition gain automatic entry into the group stages for the following season’s Champions League competition. The first and second placed teams in the countries ranked 4 to 6 also gain automatic entry, as do the champions in the countries ranked 7 to 12. The Champions League holders automatically get the chance to defend their title in the following season’s competition.

Further information on Liechtenstein's status and similar cases.

According to the UEFA regulations a National League needs to consist of at least eight clubs to be considered valid, otherwise no participants of such a league will be allowed to enter European competitions. There are only seven clubs that are active in Liechtenstein, all of which play in neighbouring Switzerland's league competitions. Note: prior to the introduction of the Welsh Premier League in 1992 Wales also had a single participant, the winner (or best placed Welsh team as several English teams also competed) of the Welsh Cup, in the European competitions.

History

Ranking has been published by UEFA since 1979 to identify the number of participants for each country in the UEFA Cup after the re-organization of the Inter-cities Fairs Cup in 1971. No calculation of coefficients took place prior to that. Later, for statistical purposes, various rankings were introduced to portray the history of competitions. Because the Inter-cities Fairs Cup was limited only to certain clubs and/or by invitation no coefficient calculation was necessary. According to the prorated (extended) calculation system only four leagues have succeeded in being the top European league.^[17]

Due to the Heysel Stadium disaster, all English teams were banned from UEFA competitions in 1985 and so the First Division didn't gain any coefficient points until the ban was lifted after 5 seasons, directly affecting the ranking of the First Division and then the Premier League for 9 years from 1986 to 1994; top in 1985,^[18] England was unranked in 1990,^[19] and would not regain the top position until 2008.^[20]

The table shows the ranking of nations with respect to the total number of years leading in Europe:

As of 24 May 2014

Rank	League	Total
1	La Liga	17
2	First Division/Premier League	15
3	Serie A	13
4	Bundesliga	10

Club coefficient

The club coefficient rankings are determined by the results of clubs in the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League over the previous five seasons, as well as by the coefficient of the clubs' association. The club coefficient is the sum of the points earned by the club over the five seasons plus 20% of the club's association coefficient.^[21][22]

The clubs receive two points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a defeat in games of the main stages of the Champions League and the Europa League. Results determined after extra-time are included in this method, however results determined after penalty shoot-outs are not (the result is considered a draw). Bonus points for entering the Europa League group stage are not additional to win/draw points; they provide a minimum points allowance for participating clubs, whereas bonus points for entering the Champions League group stage (and those for qualifying to the knockout stage) are additional to win/draw points.

Qualifying round results are only taken into account if the team is eliminated in one of the rounds (see table below). Otherwise, the qualifying round results are taken into account only for the calculation of the association's coefficient and are halved.^[21] The clubs do not receive any points for elimination in the Champions League third qualifying round or the play-off because those teams move to the Europa League and receive points from participation in that competition.^[22]

Round	Points awarded
	Champions League	Europa League
First qualifying round elimination	0.5	0.25
Second qualifying round elimination	1	0.5
Third qualifying round elimination	–	1
Play-off elimination	–	1.5
Group stage participation	4	2
Win in group stage or subsequent round	2	2
Draw in group stage or subsequent round	1	1
Round of 16 participation	5	–
Quarter-finals, semi-finals, and finals participation	1	1

This ranking is used by UEFA to determine a club's seeding in club competition draws, including the preliminary and first rounds of the Champions League, and the preliminary, first and second rounds of the Europa League.

Before 1999 a number of strong teams in the UEFA Cup were seeded such that those teams did not meet in the first two rounds. To determine these teams, the sum of, the ratio of the number of points achieved to the number of games played by each team, was calculated for the past five years.

UEFA team ranking

The top 25 clubs as of 23 April 2015 are as follows.^[23]

Rank 2015	Club	Association	2010–11	2011–12	2012–13	2013–14	2014–15	Coeff.
1	Real Madrid	Spain	33.643	36.171	29.543	39.600	31.671	170.628
2	Barcelona	Spain	36.643	34.171	27.543	28.600	32.671	159.628
3	Bayern Munich	Germany	24.133	33.050	36.586	29.943	29.114	152.825
4	Chelsea	England	26.671	33.050	30.286	28.357	23.714	142.078
5	Atlético Madrid	Spain	9.643	34.171	13.543	37.600	25.671	120.628
6	Benfica	Portugal	25.760	23.367	28.350	30.983	9.816	118.276
7	Schalke 04	Germany	30.133	20.050	22.586	18.942	20.114	111.825
8	Porto	Portugal	31.760	12.367	22.350	17.983	26.816	111.276
9	Arsenal	England	22.671	22.050	21.286	21.357	22.714	110.078
10	Manchester United	England	36.671	16.050	21.286	26.357	2.714	103.078
11	Paris Saint-Germain	France	14.150	9.100	27.350	26.700	23.183	100.483
12	Borussia Dortmund	Germany	10.133	10.050	33.586	24.943	21.114	99.825
13	Valencia	Spain	21.643	25.171	22.543	26.600	3.671	99.628
14	Juventus	Italy	8.314	2.271	25.883	25.833	28.633	90.935
15	Zenit St. Petersburg	Russia	18.183	19.950	14.950	18.083	18.933	90.099
16	Bayer Leverkusen	Germany	16.133	19.050	12.586	18.943	21.114	87.825
17	Manchester City	England	16.671	20.050	10.286	22.357	17.714	87.078
18	Shakhtar Donetsk	Ukraine	26.017	9.550	18.900	12.567	18.866	85.899
19	FC Basel	Switzerland	10.180	20.200	17.675	20.440	16.380	84.875
20	Tottenham Hotspur	England	24.671	10.050	19.286	18.357	11.714	84.078
21	Napoli	Italy	9.314	21.271	8.883	18.833	24.633	82.935
22	Milan	Italy	18.314	22.271	19.883	18.833	3.633	82.935
23	Internazionale	Italy	21.314	20.271	16.883	2.833	15.633	76.935
24	Sevilla	Spain	12.642	5.671	3.542	26.600	24.671	73.128
25	Lyon	France	19.150	19.100	14.350	16.700	3.683	72.983

Top club by period

Although the ranking was officially introduced by UEFA in 1979,^[24] the following data indicate the top-ranked clubs in each 5-year period listed by year based on the projection of the ranking made by Bert Kassies, a Dutch System designer and amateur statistician.^[25] All data prior to 1975–1979 period, the first published by the Confederation, are merely informative, since no official value.^[24]

Years Club Ranking 1956–1960 Real Madrid 9.856 1957–1961 Real Madrid 8.499 1958–1962 Real Madrid 8.356 1959–1963 Real Madrid 6.856 1960–1964 Barcelona 7.382 1961–1965 Benfica 8.455 1962–1966 Benfica 7.788 1963–1967 Real Zaragoza 7.691 1964–1968 Real Madrid 7.345 1965–1969 Benfica 7.415 1966–1970 Leeds United 8.033 1967–1971 Leeds United 8.183 1968–1972 Leeds United 7.583 1969–1973 Ajax 8.985 1970–1974 Ajax 8.430 1971–1975 Borussia Mönchengladbach 8.500 1972–1976 Bayern Munich 8.609 1973–1977 Borussia Mönchengladbach 8.694 1974–1978 Borussia Mönchengladbach 8.319

Years Club Ranking 1975–1979 Borussia Mönchengladbach 8.402 1976–1980 Borussia Mönchengladbach 7.985 1977–1981 Barcelona 7.652 1978–1982 Barcelona 7.832 1979–1983 Barcelona 7.998 1980–1984 Liverpool 8.277 1981–1985 Liverpool 9.054 1982–1986 Anderlecht 7.915 Juventus 7.915 1983–1987 Juventus 8.665 1984–1988 Juventus 8.388 1985–1989 Bayern Munich 7.846 1986–1990 Bayern Munich 8.096 1987–1991 Juventus 8.291 1988–1992 Real Madrid 7.975 1989–1993 Real Madrid 7.850 1990–1994 Real Madrid 7.600 1991–1995 Real Madrid 7.266 1992–1996 Ajax 9.124

Years Club Ranking 1993–1997 Juventus 8.719 1994–1998 Paris Saint-Germain 8.716 1995–1999 Juventus 121.606 1996–2000 Juventus 109.963 1997–2001 Real Madrid 114.605 1998–2002 Real Madrid 147.233 1999–2003 Real Madrid 151.769 2000–2004 Real Madrid 146.350 2001–2005 Real Madrid 131.326 2002–2006 Milan 129.020 2003–2007 Milan 133.808 2004–2008 Chelsea 124.996 2005–2009 Barcelona 121.853 2006–2010 Barcelona 136.951 2007–2011 Manchester United 151.157 2008–2012 Barcelona 157.837 2009–2013 Barcelona 157.605 2010–2014 Real Madrid 161.542

Top-rated clubs listed by number of times they were top-ranked over a 5 year period considering separately the Kassies' statistical projection (since the 1956–1960 period) and exclusively the data used by UEFA since the first period officially analized (1975–1979):

Rank	Club	Total based on Kassies' projection	Total since the ranking's introduction
1	Real Madrid	15	10
2	Barcelona	8	7
3	Juventus	7	7
4	Borussia Mönchengladbach	5	2
5	Benfica	3	0
	Leeds United	3	0
	Ajax	3	1
	Bayern Munich	3	2
9	Liverpool	2	2
	Milan	2	2
11	Real Zaragoza	1	0
	Anderlecht	1	1
	Paris Saint-Germain	1	1
	Chelsea	1	1
	Manchester United	1	1

Criticisms

The UEFA coefficient system has been criticised for being likely to preserve the status quo for rankings and seedings, as well as for favouring teams from stronger nations.^[26]

See also

• FIFA World Rankings
• UEFA Respect Fair Play ranking

References

External links

• Official UEFA rankings
• League and club coefficients at xs4all.nl
• UEFA Access List
• UEFA Country Ranking

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