Two Moons

Two Moons
Ishaynishus, Éše'he Ôhnéšesêstse
Two Moons (Credit: Northwestern University Library Edward S. Curtis's The North American Indian, 2003).
Cheyenne leader
Personal details
Born 1847
Montana
Died 1917
Resting place Alongside U.S. Route 212, west of Busby, Montana
Parents Father, Carries the Otter
Known for Participation in the Battle of the Rosebud, Battle of Little Big Horn, and the Battle of Wolf Mountain; Indian Scout; Chief of the Cheyenne Northern Reservation

Two Moons (1847–1917), or Ishaynishus (Cheyenne: Éše'he Ôhnéšesêstse),[1] was one of the Cheyenne chiefs who took part in the Battle of the Little Bighorn and other battles against the United States Army.[2]

Life

Two Moons was the son of Carries the Otter, an Arikara captive who married into the Cheyenne tribe. Perhaps known best for his participation in battles such as the Battle of the Rosebud against General Crook on June 17, 1876, in the Montana Territory, the Battle of Little Big Horn on June 26, 1876 and what would prove to be his last battle which was that of the Battle of Wolf Mountain on January 8, 1877. Two Moons defeat in the battle at Wolf mountain by General Nelson A. Miles would inevitably lead to the surrender of his Cheyenne band at Fort Keogh in April, 1877.[3]

After the surrender of the Cheyenne band he led in 1877, Two Moons chose to enlist as an Indian Scout for the same General, Nelson A. Miles to whom he had not long since surrendered. As a result of Two Moons' pleasant personality, the friendliness that he showed towards the whites as well as his ability to get along with the military, General Miles appointed him head Chief of the Cheyenne Northern Reservation. As head Chief, Two Moons would prove to play a crucial role in facilitating the surrender of Chief Little Cow's Cheyenne band to Fort Keogh.[4]

Northern Cheyenne Reservation

Two Moons was one of the models for the Buffalo nickel.

Two Moons traveled on multiple occasions to Washington, D.C., to discuss and fight for the future of the Northern Cheyenne people and to better the conditions that existed on the reservation. In 1914, Two Moons met with President Woodrow Wilson to discuss these matters.

Two Moons was one of the models selected for James Fraser's famous Buffalo Nickel.[5]

Death

Two Moons died in 1917 at his home in Montana at the age of 70. Two Moons' grave still lies alongside U.S. Route 212, west of Busby, Montana.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Cheyenne Dictionary by Fisher, Leman, Pine, Sanchez.
  2. ↑ Curtis, E. (1907) The North American Indian. Vol.6 The Piegan, the Cheyenne and the Arapaho..
  3. ↑ Hardorff, Richard G. Indian Views of the Custer Fight. University of Oklahoma Press 2005, p.107
  4. ↑ Garland, Hamlin. Account of The Battle at Little Bighorn (Recalled in 1898 by Two Moons). McClure's Magazine, 1898
  5. ↑ Bowers, Q. David (2007). A Guide Book of Buffalo and Jefferson Nickels. Atlanta, Ga.: Whitman Publishing. pp. 38–39. ISBN 978-0-7948-2008-4.
  6. ↑ Hatch, Thom. The Custer Companion. Stackpole Books 2002, p. 221, 222