Turks in Egypt

Egyptian Turkmens
Total population
100.000[1]-1.500.000[2]
Regions with significant populations
Languages
Religion
Sunni Islam
Related ethnic groups

Egyptian Turks also referred to as Turco-Egyptians,[3] (Arabic: تركمان مصر‎ Turkish: Mısır Türkleri) are Egyptian citizens of Turkish descent, who have been living in the Egypt provinces of the Ottoman Empire before its dissolution and continue to live in the modern country of Egypt

In the years before the Egyptian revolution, the ruling and upper classes were mainly Turkish, or of Turkish descent, which was part of the heritage from the Ottoman rule of Egypt.[4]

History

Main articles: Bahri dynasty and Ottoman Egypt

In the late 11th century, Egypt was ruled first by the Bahri dynasty and then by the Ottoman Sultan Selim I in 1517 after defeating the Mamlukes at the Battle of Ridaniya near Cairo in northern Egypt. Turkmen came to Egypt in several migration waves. Sometimes, the Ikhshidids and the Mamelukes living in the area adopted the Turkmen in their armies, and some Turkmen became aristocrats. Linda Cichlr wrote about these Turkmen aristocratic families in her book about the city of Cairo.[5]

Demographics

The number of Turks living in Egypt vary considerably with estimates ranging from 100,000[6] to1,500,000.[2]

Notable people

Name Life Notability Turkish link
Adel Adham
Tatamkulu Afrika 1920–2002 Poet Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[7]
Zakariyya Ahmad 1896–1961 Musician Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[8]
Leila Ahmed 1960 Writer Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[9]
Ismail Mustafa al-Falaki 1825–1901 Astronomer and mathematician Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[10]
Tawfiq al-Hakim 1898–1987 Writer Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[11]
Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti 1876–1924 Writer Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[12]
Ayesha Al-Taymuriyya 1840–1902 Writer Egyptian-born to a Turkish father[13]
Qasim Amin 1863–1908 Women's rights activists Egyptian-born to a Turkish father[14]
Azza Badr 1961 Writer and Journalist Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[15]
Ali Bahjat 1858–1924 Archaeologist and historian Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[16]
Khair Bey
Hussein Bikar 1912–2002 Painter Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[17]
Abbas II of Egypt 1874–1944 Khedive of Egypt Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[18]
Abdel Rahman Fahmy 1924 Writer Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[19]
Mohammad Farid 1868–1919 Historian Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[20]
Yahya Haqqi 1905–1992 Writer Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[21]
Aziza Husayn 1919 Social welfare expert Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[22]
Ahmed Hussein 1902-? Social scientist and reformer Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[23]
Hafez Ibrahim 1872–1932 Poet Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[24]
Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu 1943 Secretary-General of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[25]
Khalid Islambouli 1957–1982 Army officer Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[26]
Shaykh ‘Abd al-’Aziz Jawish 1872–1929 Educator Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[27]
Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu 1889–1974 Writer Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[28]
Ahmad Mazlum 1858–1928 Cabinet minister and parliamentary leader Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[29]
Abdul Muhammad 1849-1905 Religious reformer and writer Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[30]
Muhammad Naji 1888–1956 Painter Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[31]
Wedad Orfi 1900-1969 Filmmaker Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[32]
Hussein Refki Pasha 1876-1950 War Minister and Senator
Isma'il Pasha 1830–1895 Khedive of Egypt Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[33]
Mustafa Fahmi Pasha 1840–1914 Prime Minister of Egypt Cretan-born to a Turkish family[34]
Shahin Kinjm Pasha Soldier and Statesman [35]
Muhammad Tawfiq Nasim Pasha 1875–1938 Prime Minister of Egypt Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[36]
Hussein Rushdi Pasha 1863–1928 Prime Minister of Egypt Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[37]
Ismail Sadiq Pasha ?-1876 Minister of Finance Egyptian-born to a Turkish father[38]
Muhammad Said Pasha 1863–1928 Prime Minister of Egypt Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[39]
Muhammad Sharif Pasha 1826–1887 Prime Minister of Egypt Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[40]
Muhammed Taher Pasha
Tewfik Pasha
Tusun Pasha
Muhammad Qadir 1821–1888 Judge and writer Egyptian-born to a Turkish father[41]
Ihsan Abdel Quddous
Bahigah Rashid ? Women's rights activists Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[42]
Hind Rostom 1929–2011 Actress Egyptian-born to Turkish parents[43]
Ali Sabri 1920–1991 Prime Minister of Egypt Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[44]
Ahmed Shawqi 1869–1932 Writer Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[45]
Shwikar
Ibn Taghribirdi
Muhammad Wali al-Din Yakan 1873–1921 Writer Istanbul-born Turco-Egyptian[46]
Safiya Zaghloul 1876–1946 Political activist Egyptian-born to a family of Turkish origin[47]
Maurice Zilber 1920–2008 Horse trainer Egyptian-born to a Turkish mother[48]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Egyptian Turks.

References

  1. ↑ Baedeker 2000, lviii.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Akar 1993, 94.
  3. ↑ Baring 2005, 169.
  4. ↑ Abdelrazek 2007, 37.
  5. ↑ http://halapturkmen.blogcu.com/misir-turkmenleri/5582442
  6. ↑ Baedeker 2000, lviii.
  7. ↑ Olaussen & Angelfors 2009, 88.
  8. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 17.
  9. ↑ Abdelrazek 2007, 21.
  10. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 52.
  11. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 67.
  12. ↑ Moosa 1997, 109.
  13. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 211.
  14. ↑ Nelson 1996, 27.
  15. ↑ Brugman 1984, 263.
  16. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 32.
  17. ↑ Bahaiviews. "On Baha’i Painters: Hussein Bikar and the Treatment of Baha’is in Egypt". Retrieved 2011-02-04.
  18. ↑ Brugman 1984, 40.
  19. ↑ Manzalaoui 1986, 193.
  20. ↑ Iggers, Wang & Mukherjee 2008, 196.
  21. ↑ Brugman 1984, 263.
  22. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 80.
  23. ↑ Johnson 2004, 1.
  24. ↑ Badawī 1975, 42.
  25. ↑ Organisation of the Islamic Conference. "Biography of Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu". Retrieved 2011-02-04.
  26. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 90.
  27. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 96.
  28. ↑ Jongerden 2007, 193.
  29. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 128.
  30. ↑ Carstens 2014, 13.
  31. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 150.
  32. ↑ Armes 2008, 105.
  33. ↑ Lababidi 2008, 37.
  34. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 51.
  35. ↑ Carstens 2014, 612.
  36. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 153.
  37. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 169.
  38. ↑ Carstens 2014, 358.
  39. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 178.
  40. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 191.
  41. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 159.
  42. ↑ Badran 1996, 97.
  43. ↑ The Daily News Egypt (2011-08-09). "Egyptian screen legend, seductress Hind Rostom dies at 82". The Daily News Egypt. Retrieved 2011-08-28.
  44. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 169.
  45. ↑ Brugman 1984, 35.
  46. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 229.
  47. ↑ Goldschmidt 2000, 235.
  48. ↑ Independent (2009-01-30). "Obits in Brief: Maurice Zilber". The Independent (London). Retrieved 2011-02-04.

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