Trees of India

Trees of India
Gum arabic tree Vaelamaram in Tamil ^[1]^[2] or babul^[3]^[4] or babul acacia^[5] -- Acacia nilotica or Acacia arabica
Indian Almond -- Terminalia catappa
Banyan -- Ficus Benghalensis "Aall/Aala Maram in Tamil".
Jujube Tree (Badari in Sanskrit, Ber in Hindi, Bor(बोर) in Marathi, Bor in Gujarati, Kul in Bengali) -- Ziziphus mauritiana
Umbrella or Portia Tree Thespesia populnea
Cannon-ball Tree (Kailashpati in Marathi, Nagalingam in Hindi,Tamil & Bengali) -- Couroupita guianensis
Casuarina (She-oak, Australian oak, Beefwood, Vilayati saru in Hindi and in Marathi Jungli saru, in Tamil Chouk, and in Bengali(বাংলা)Jhau (ঝাউ) -- Casuarina equisetifolia
Coconut Palm -- Cocos nucifera, narikela in Sanskrit, Bengali and Hindi,"Thennai" in Tamil, fruit is called Naryal in Gujarati.
Copperpod (Rusty Shield Bearer, Lya Vakai in Tamil & Kon-dachinta in Telugu) -- Peltophorum pterocarpum
Coralwood Tree (in Bengali it is called Rakta kambal, in Marathi Thorligunj or Ratangunj, in Telugu Bandi guruvendi and in Tamil Anikundumani) -- Adenanthera pavonina
Drumstick Tree (Horse-radish, Munga Soudha in Hindi, Sojne in Bengali, Shevga-शेवगा in Marathi, Midhosaragavo in Gujarati, Mulaga in Telugu and Murungai Maram in Tamil;the fruit is Murungaikkai in Tamil and Malayalam) -- Moringa Oleifera
Gulmohar ("Fire of the Forest",Flamboyant, Royal Peacock flower, Royal Gold Mohur or Fire tree, Mayaram in Tamil,Neruppukkondrai Maram in Tamil, Shima Sankesula in Telugu, Krishnachura in Bengali and Gulmohr-गुलमोहर in Marathi) -- Delonix (or Poinciana) regia
Indian Coral Tree (Mandara in Sanskrit, Hindi and Bengali, Mandaram in Malayalam, Kalyana Murungai in Tamil, Pangara-पांगारा in Marathi) -- Erythrina indica or variegata
Indian Cork Tree (Jasmine tree, Akas nim or Nim chameli in Hindi, karkku in Tamil, Kavuku in Telugu) -- Millingtonia hortensis
Java Plum (Black Plum, Jamun or Jambhool in Hindi, Kala Jambu in Gujarati, Kalojam in Bengali, Jambhul-जांभूळ in Marathi and Naval or Nagal in Tamil) -- Eugenia jambolana, or Syzygium cumini
Mango -- [[Mangifera indica]the tree is Maa Maram & the fruit is Maangaai in Tamil. The fruit is called Keri in Gujarati, Aamba in Marathi and Aam in Hindi]
Mast Tree (Cemetery tree, Ashoka or Debdaru in Hindi, Asopala in Gujarati, Nara in Telugu, and Debdaru in Bengali) -- Polyalthia longifolia
Mudilla -- Barringtonia asiatica
Neem -- [[Azadirachta indica] Vaembu or Vaeppa Maram in Tamil]
Sacred fig -- (Bo tree, pipal in Hindhi, Asvattha in Bengali, Jari in Gujarati, Pimpal-पिंपळ in Marathi and Ashvatthame in Telugu, Arasu/Arasa Maram in Tamil) -- Ficus religiosa
Curry Tree ("Karivaepilai in Tamil" or Kadipatta) -- Murraya koenigii; syn. Bergera koenigii, Chalcas koenigii
Indian Beech (Karanj or Karanja in Hindi, Bengali, Marathi and Gujarati, Pungam in Tamil, Pungu in Telugu) -- Pongamia pinnata
Queen's Flower (Pride of India, or Crepe flower, Taman or Mota bondara in Marathi, Arjuna in Hindi, Jarul in Bengali, Kaduli in Tamil and Vara gogu in Telugu) -- Lagerstroemia speciosa
Rain Tree (Saman or Guango in Marathi, Belaiti Siris in Hindi, and Thoonguvaagai/Thoongumoonji Maram in Tamil;ie.,sleeping tree,as the Leaves of this tree is closed after sun set) -- Samanea saman or Albizia saman
(Silk) Cotton Tree (called Kate-savari, Savar, or Saur in Maharashtra, Simal or Shimbal in Hindi, Shimul in Bengali, Ilavu/Ilava Maram in Tamil and Malayalam and Salmali in Sanskrit) -- Bombax malabaricum, or Bombax ceiba
Tamarind (Imli in Hindi, Puli in Tamil, Chinta in Telugu, Tentul in Bengali, Chinch-चिंच in Marathi and Amli in Gujarati; the Persian name Tamar-i-hind means Indian date) -- Tamarindus indica
(Common) Teak (Indian Oak, Saigun in Hindi, Saka in Sanskrit, Sag-साग in Marathi, Shegun in Bengali and Saga in Gujarati) -- Tectona grandis
Temple Tree (Champa, Frangipani and Pagoda tree; Khera chapha or Pandhra chapha-पांढरा चाफा in Marathi, Chameli or Gulechin in Hindi, Kath champa in Bengali, Rhada Champo in Gujarati, Arali in Tamil) -- Plumeria rubra (also called Plumeria acuminata or Plumeria acutifolia)
African Tulip Tree (Bell Flambeau, Scarlet Bell tree, Fountain tree, Syringe tree, Squirt tree and sometimes wrongly Flame tree; Rudrapalash in Bengali, Pichkari in Marathi and Hindi, Patade in Telugu and Patadi in Tamil) -- Spathodea campanulata
Flame of the Forest (Kimshuka or Palasa in Sanskrit, Palash in Bengali and Hindi, Porasum in Tamil, Parrot Tree) -- Butea monosperma
Asoka (Sorrowless Tree) -- Saraca indica
Wild Almond (also called bastard poon tree, hazel sterculia, Indian almond; in Hindi & Bengali: jangli badam; in Tamil: gorapu-badam, gurapu-vadam, pottaikavalam)^[6] -- Sterculia foetida
Jacaranda (Blue Jacaranda, Palisander, Green Ebony Tree) -- Jacaranda mimosifolia
Baobab (Gorak amli & goram lichora in Hindi, Gorak chinch in Gujarati, Paparapulia & Perruka in Tamil) -- Adansonia
Pink Cassia (Pu vakai in Tamil, Konna in Malayalam, Horse Cassia, Pink Shower) -- Cassia grandis
Beleric myrabolan or bastard myrabolan (Sabera in Hindi, Tani & tanti in Tamil) -- Terminalia bellirica
Jackfruit tree (Kanthal in Bengali, Katkal in Hindi, Pila & Palaa in Tamil & Malayalam, Panasa in Sanskrit, Kannada and Telugu) -- Artocarpus heterophyllus or A. heterophylla^[7]
Indian Laburnum -- Cassia fistula
Bead Tree -- Melia azedarach
Golden Champa (Champa & Champaka in Bengali & Hindi, Chembuga & Chambugam in Tamil, Champaka in Telugu, Champakam in Malayalam, Sampige in Kannada) -- Michelia champaca
Karnikar (Son Chapha-सोनचाफा in Marathi, Muchukunda in Bengali, Kanak Champa, Kaniar, Katha Champa in Hindi) -- Pterospermum acerifolium
Alexandrian laurel (Kath Champa, Sultana Champa, Punnaga in Sanskrit and Bengali, Sultana Champa, Surpan, Undi, Surpunka in Hindi, Pinnai & Punnagam in Tamil) -- Calophyllum inophyllum
Mohwa (Mohwa, Mahula, Banmahuva, Maul in Bengali, Madhuka in Sanskrit, Mohwa, Mahua, Jangli-mona, Maul in Hindi, Kat-illipi, Illupai in Tamil) -- Madhuca latifolia, or Madhuca longifolia
Scarlet Cordia -- Cordia sebestena
Papaya (Papaya, Papita in Hindi & pepe or pe(n)pe in Bengali, Pappali in Tamil, Omakka in Malayalam, Papaw, Tree Melon) -- Carica papaya
Banana Tree -- Musa acuminata, [[Musa balbisiana] Vaazhai Maram in Tamil]
Palmyra (Brab Tree, Toddy Palm, Tala Palm) "Panai Maram in Tamil"-- Borassus flabellifer
Fish-tail Palm (Toddy Palm, Kitul Palm, Jaggery Palm, Wine Palm, Sago Palm) -- Caryota urens
Royal Palm (Mountain Glory, Bottle Palm) -- Roystonea regia
Wild Date Palm (Sendhi, Salma, Khaji, Khajur in Hindi, Khejur in Bengali, Itcham-pannai, "Paereecham in Tamil") -- Phoenix sylvestris
Areca (Supari in Hindi & Bengali, Kamugu, Paakku (fruit) in Tamil, Kavugu, Adakka-maram in Malayalam) -- Areca catechu
Bilimbi (balimbing, bimbli, belimbing, cucumber tree, tree sorrel) -- Averrhoa bilimbi
Madras Thorn (Manila Tamarind, Vilayati Ambli in Gujarati, Jungle Jalebi or Ganga Imli in Hindi, Seeme Hunase in Kannada,Kodukkai Puli Maram in Tamil) -- [[Pithecellobium dulce] ]
Bael (Bilva, Bilwa, Bel, Kuvalam, Koovalam, Madtoum, or Beli fruit, Bengal Quince, Stone Apple, and Wood Apple) -- Aegle marmelos
Saptaparni (Blackboard Tree, Indian Devil Tree, Chhatim in Bengali, Ditabark, Milkwood Pine, White Cheesewood and Pulai) -- Alstonia scholaris
Khair (Catechu, Cachou and Black Cutch) -- Acacia catechu
Shisham (Sissoo, Sisu, Sheesham, Tahli and Indian Rosewood) -- Dalbergia sissoo
Indian gooseberry (Amalaka in Sanskrit, amla in Hindi, Amlaki in Bengali, Nellikkai in Kannada and Tamil) -- Phyllanthus emblica, syn. Emblica officinalis
Kokum (Amsol/ Aamsul, Bindin, Biran, Bhirand, Bhinda, Bhrinda, Brinda, mangosteen, wild mangosteen, red mango) -- Garcinia indica
Gamhar (Khamara in Hindi, Kulimavu in Kannada, Mara and Shivani in Kashmiri, Siwan in Marathi) -- Gmelina arborea
Bullet Wood Tree (Bakul) -- Mimusops elengi
Red Sandalwood (Red Sanders, Rakta Chandana) -- Pterocarpus santalinus
Toothbrush Tree (Arak, Galenia asiatica, Peelu, Pilu, Salvadora indica, Miswak) -- Salvadora persica
White or East Indian Sandalwood (Chandan in Hindi and Bengali, Chandana in Sanskrit, Sri Gandha in Kannada) -- Santalum album
Bhallatak (Biba, Ker in Kannada) -- Semecarpus anacardium
Desert Teak or Marwar Teak -- Tecomella undulata
Arjun -- Terminalia arjuna
Black Myrobalan or Chebulic Myrobalan -- Terminalia chebula
Cashew "Mundhiri in Tamil"-- Anacardium occidentale; syn. Anacardium curatellifolium
Sal -- Shorea robusta
Rubber Fig or Rubber Plant -- Ficus elastica
Common Fig -- Ficus carica

Sources: Common Trees of India, Pippa Mukherjee, World Wildlife Fund India/ Oxford University Press 1983, Flowering Trees and Shrubs in India, D.V. Cowen

Mahua

Trees of India

References