Total Recall (1990 film)

For the 2012 film, see Total Recall (2012 film).
Total Recall

Theatrical release poster
Directed by Paul Verhoeven
Produced by Buzz Feitshans
Ronald Shusett
Mario Kassar
Andrew G. Vajna
Screenplay by Ronald Shusett
Dan O'Bannon
Gary Goldman
Story by Ronald Shusett
Dan O'Bannon
Jon Povill
Based on "We Can Remember It for You Wholesale" 
by Philip K. Dick
Starring Arnold Schwarzenegger
Rachel Ticotin
Sharon Stone
Michael Ironside
Ronny Cox
Music by Jerry Goldsmith
Cinematography Jost Vacano
Edited by Frank J. Urioste
Carlos Puente
Production
company
Distributed by TriStar Pictures
Release dates
  • June 1, 1990 (United States)
Running time
 113 minutes[1]
Country United States
Language English
Budget $50–60 million[2]
Box office $261.3 million[3]

Total Recall is a 1990 American science fiction action film directed by Paul Verhoeven, starring Arnold Schwarzenegger, Rachel Ticotin, and Sharon Stone. The film is loosely based on the Philip K. Dick story "We Can Remember It for You Wholesale". It tells the story of a construction worker who is having troubling dreams about Mars and a mysterious woman there. It was written by Ronald Shusett, Dan O'Bannon, Jon Povill, and Gary Goldman, and won a Special Achievement Academy Award for its visual effects. The original score composed by Jerry Goldsmith won the BMI Film Music Award.

The film was one of the most expensive films made at the time of its release,[4] although estimates of its exact production budget vary and it is not certain whether it ever actually held the record. Rambo III, Who Framed Roger Rabbit and Die Hard 2: Die Harder are considered the most expensive films released within the production period and year of release of Total Recall.

Plot

In 2048, Earthbound construction worker Douglas Quaid is having troubling dreams about Mars and a mysterious woman there. His wife Lori dismisses the dreams and discourages him from thinking about Mars, where the governor, Vilos Cohaagen, is fighting rebels while searching for a rumored alien artifact located in the mines. At "Rekall", a company that provides memory implants of vacations, Quaid opts for a memory trip to Mars as a secret agent fantasy. However, during the procedure, before the memory is implanted, something goes wrong, and the story diverges between the question of what is real and what is hallucination. Apparently, Quaid starts revealing previously suppressed memories of actually being a secret agent. The company sedates him, wipes his memory of the visit, and sends him home. On the way home, Quaid is attacked by his friend Harry and some construction coworkers; he is forced to kill them, revealing elite fighting-skills. He is then attacked in his apartment by Lori, who reveals that she was never his wife; their marriage was just a false memory implant and Cohaagen sent her as an agent to monitor Quaid. He is then attacked and pursued by armed thugs led by Richter, Lori's real husband and Cohaagen's operative.

After evading his attackers, Quaid is given a suitcase containing money, gadgets, fake IDs, a disguise, and a video recording. The video is of Quaid himself, who identifies himself as "Hauser" and explains that he used to work for Cohaagen, but learned about the artifact and underwent the memory wipe to protect himself. "Hauser" instructs Quaid to remove a tracking device located inside his skull before ordering him to go to Mars check into the Hilton with a fake ID. Quaid makes his way to Mars and follows clues to Venusville, the colony's red-light district populated by a people mutated as a result of poor radiation shielding. He meets Benny, a taxi driver, and Melina, the woman from his dreams; but she spurns him, believing that Quaid is still working for Cohaagen.

Quaid later encounters Dr. Edgemar and Lori, who claim Quaid has suffered a "schizoid embolism" and is trapped in a fantasy based on the implanted memories. Edgemar warns that Quaid is headed for lunacy and a lobotomy if he does not return to reality, then offers Quaid a pill that would waken him from the dream. Quaid puts the pill in his mouth, but after seeing Edgemar sweating in fear, he kills Edgemar and spits out the pill instead of swallowing it. Lori alerts Richter's forces, who burst into the room and capture Quaid, but Melina rescues him, with Quaid killing Lori in the process. The two race back to the Venusville bar and escape into the tunnels with Benny. Unable to locate Quaid, Cohaagen shuts down the ventilation to Venusville, slowly asphyxiating its citizens. Quaid, Melina, and Benny are taken to a resistance base, and Quaid is introduced to Kuato, a parasitic twin conjoined to his brother's stomach. Kuato reads Quaid's mind and tells him that the alien artifact is a turbinium reactor that will create a breathable atmosphere for Mars when activated, eliminating Cohaagen's abusive monopoly on breathable air. Cohaagen's forces burst in and kill most of the resistance, including Kuato, who instructs Quaid to start the reactor. Benny reveals that he is also working for Cohaagen.

Quaid and Melina are taken to Cohaagen, who reveals the Quaid persona was a ploy by Hauser to infiltrate the mutants and lead Cohaagen to Kuato, thereby wiping out the resistance. Cohaagen orders Hauser's memory to be re-implanted in Quaid and Melina programmed as Hauser's slave, but Quaid and Melina escape into the mines where the reactor is located. They work their way to the control room of the reactor, and Benny attacks them in an excavation machine. Quaid kills Benny, then confronts Richter and his men, killing them too.

Quaid reaches the reactor control room, where Cohaagen is waiting with a bomb. During the ensuing struggle, Cohaagen triggers the bomb, but Quaid throws it away, blowing out one of the walls of the control room and causing an explosive decompression. While reaching for the reactor controls, Quaid knocks out Cohaagen, which causes him to be sucked out onto the Martian surface, killing him. Quaid manages to activate the reactor before he and Melina are also pulled out. The reactor releases air into the Martian atmosphere, saving Quaid, Melina and the rest of Mars' population. As humans walk onto the surface of the planet in its new atmosphere, Quaid momentarily pauses to wonder whether he is dreaming before turning to kiss Melina.

Cast

  • Arnold Schwarzenegger as Douglas Quaid, a construction worker who discovers that he is actually a secret agent formerly named Carl Hauser, and travels to Mars to uncover his true identity and why his memory was erased.
  • Sharon Stone as Lori Quaid, Quaid's seemingly loving wife who is later also revealed to be an agent sent by Cohaagen to monitor Quaid. She is Richter's wife. Lori is shown to possess various martial arts skills (she is able to nearly fight Quaid to a standstill, and also gives Melina a vicious beating), as well as being proficient in the use of knives and firearms.
  • Rachel Ticotin as Melina, a beautiful woman seen as the partner in Quaid's Rekall memory program who turns out to be a resistance fighter seeking to overthrow Cohaagen.
  • Ronny Cox as Vilos Cohaagen, the corrupt and ruthless governor of the Mars Colony and friend of Hauser who is persistently mining turbinium ore, which endangers innocent people.
  • Michael Ironside as Richter, Cohaagen's chief lieutenant. Domineering and sadistic, he seethingly hates Quaid and has a grudge against him for sleeping with an undercover Lori. He relentlessly tries to kill Quaid, despite Cohaagen's repeated insistence that Quaid is to be captured, not killed.
  • Mel Johnson, Jr. as Benny, a taxi driver and mutant on Mars Colony who befriends and later betrays Quaid and the mutants to Cohaagen.
  • Marshall Bell as George and as the voice of Kuato. George is a member of the resistance who has his brother Kuato, the resistance leader, attached to his abdomen. Kuato helps Quaid unlock the secret to his past and the mystery of a reactor built by an ancient Martian civilization. Kuato seemingly has clairvoyant powers.
  • Roy Brocksmith as Dr. Edgemar, who tries to talk Quaid into taking a pill which he claims would break him (Quaid) out of his fantasy and restore him to reality. Quaid executes him with a pistol upon discovering his alliance with Cohaagen.
  • Ray Baker as Bob McClane, a Rekall manager and sales agent who convinces Quaid to buy an "Ego Trip" memory implant.
  • Michael Champion as Helm, Richter's acerbic right-hand man.
  • Rosemary Dunsmore as Dr. Renata Lull, the lead memory programmer at Rekall who initiated Quaid's memory implant procedure that triggered his outburst in the lab.
  • Robert Costanzo as Harry, Quaid's workmate who is revealed to be an agent sent by Cohaagen to monitor Quaid on Earth and has his neck snapped by Quaid when he and his henchmen try to apprehend him.
  • Marc Alaimo as Captain Everett, a Captain of the Mars Colony security force. Everett orders his men to arrest a disguised Quaid on Richter's orders, but Quaid escapes. Richter frequently demeans Captain Everett, and is angry when they are foiled.
  • Dean Norris as Tony, a disfigured mutant who knew Quaid on Mars as Hauser, and dislikes him.
  • Debbie Lee Carrington as Thumbelina, a dwarf mutant who fights against Richter's mercenaries with Tony
  • Lycia Naff as Mary, widely known as the Three-Breasted prostitute.[5]

Production

The original screenplay was written by Dan O'Bannon and Ronald Shusett, the writers of Alien, who had bought the rights to Philip K. Dick's short story "We Can Remember It for You Wholesale" while Dick was still alive. They were unable to find a backer for the project and it drifted into development hell, passing from studio to studio.

In the mid-1980s, producer Dino De Laurentiis took on the project with Richard Dreyfuss attached to star.[6] Patrick Swayze, who had recently starred in Dirty Dancing, was also considered for the role.[7] In 1987, it was announced that De Laurentiis would make the film as the first production for his DEL company at the new De Laurentiis film studios on the Gold Coast, with Bruce Beresford to direct from a screenplay by O'Bannon and Shusett. This film did not eventuate.[8]

David Cronenberg was attached to direct but wanted to cast William Hurt in the lead role.[6] Cronenberg described his work on the project and eventual falling out with Shusett: "I worked on it for a year and did about 12 drafts. Eventually we got to a point where Ron Shusett said, 'You know what you've done? You've done the Philip K. Dick version.' I said, 'Isn't that what we're supposed to be doing?' He said, 'No, no, we want to do Raiders of the Lost Ark Go to Mars.'".[6] When the adaptation of Dune flopped at the box office, De Laurentiis similarly lost enthusiasm for the project.[9] Although he went uncredited in the final version of the film, Cronenberg originated the idea of mutants on Mars, including the character of Kuato (spelled Quato in his screenplay).[10]

The collapse of De Laurentiis' company provided an opening for Schwarzenegger, who had unsuccessfully approached the producer about starring in the film. He persuaded Carolco to buy the rights to the film for a comparatively cheap $3 million and negotiated a salary of $10–11 million (plus 15% of the profits)[11][12] to star, with an unusually broad degree of control over the production. He obtained veto power over the producer, director, screenplay, co-stars and promotion. The first thing Schwarzenegger did was personally recruit Paul Verhoeven to direct the film, having been impressed by the Dutch director's RoboCop (for which Schwarzenegger was considered for the title role). By this time the script had been through forty-two drafts but it still lacked a third act. Gary Goldman was therefore brought in by Paul Verhoeven to work with Ronald Shusett to develop the final draft of the screenplay.[7] The director also brought in many of his collaborators on RoboCop, including actor Ronny Cox, cinematographer Jost Vacano, production designer William Sandell, editor Frank J. Urioste, and special effects designer Rob Bottin.[13]

Filming

Much of the filming took place on location in Mexico City and at Estudios Churubusco. The futuristic subway station and vehicles are actually part of the Mexican public transportation system, with the subway cars painted gray and television monitors added.

Rating

The film was initially given an X rating. Violence was trimmed and different camera angles were used in the over-the-top scenes for an R rating.[4] It was one of the last major Hollywood blockbusters to make large-scale use of miniature effects rather than computer generated imagery. Five different companies were brought in to handle Total Recall‍ '​s effects. The only CGI sequence in the entire film was a 42-second sequence, produced by MetroLight Studios, showing the X-rayed skeletons of commuters and their concealed weapons. Only a year later, James Cameron's Terminator 2: Judgment Day, also starring Schwarzenegger, prompted a revolution in special effects with its extensive use of CGI.[13]

Soundtrack

Total Recall: The Deluxe Edition
Soundtrack album by Jerry Goldsmith
Released 2001
Length 66:52
Language English
Label Varèse Sarabande
Director Jerry Goldsmith

The score was composed and conducted by Jerry Goldsmith, and 40 minutes of it was released by the Varèse Sarabande label in 1990.[14] Ten years later, the same label released a "Deluxe Edition," in chronological order with additional cues that were left out, totaling 74 minutes.[15] As with several Goldsmith scores, the music was performed by the National Philharmonic Orchestra.

The main title theme features a metal percussion pattern that bears similarities to a drum pattern from Anvil of Crom.[14] The score has been hailed as one of Goldsmith's best, especially as heard in the deluxe edition, and commended for its blend of electronic and orchestral elements.[16]

Reception

Critical response

Total Recall debuted at number one at the box office.[17] The film grossed $261,299,840 worldwide, a box office success. Critical reaction to Total Recall has been mostly positive. It currently holds an 84% positive rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 51 reviews.[18] Metacritic rated it 57 out of 100 based on 17 reviews.[19]

Roger Ebert awarded the film three and a half stars (out of four), calling it "one of the most complex and visually interesting science fiction movies in a long time."[20] Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly gave it a score of "B+" and said that it "starts out as mind-bending futuristic satire and then turns relentless [and] becomes a violent, post-punk version of an Indiana Jones cliff-hanger."[21] Film scholar William Buckland considers it one of the more "sublime" Philip K. Dick adaptations, contrasting it with films like Impostor and Paycheck, which he considered "ridiculous".[22]

Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle said the film is not a classic, "but it's still solid and entertaining."[19] James Berardinelli gave the film two and a half stars (out of four), saying that "neither Schwarzenegger nor Verhoeven have stretched their talents here," but added, "with a script that's occasionally as smart as it is energetic, Total Recall offers a little more than wholesale carnage."[23]

Some critics, such as Janet Maslin of The New York Times, considered the film excessively violent.[24] Rita Kempley of The Washington Post gave it a negative review, saying that director Paul Verhoeven "disappoints with this appalling onslaught of blood and boredom."[25] Feminist cultural critic Susan Faludi called it one of "an endless stream of war and action movies" in which "women are reduced to mute and incidental characters or banished altogether."[26]

The film ranked number 79 on Rotten Tomatoes’ Journey Through Sci-Fi (100 Best-Reviewed Sci-Fi Movies).

Accolades

Award Category Winner/Nominee Result
Academy Awards[27]
Best Sound Mixing Nelson Stoll, Michael J. Kohut, Carlos Delarios & Aaron Rochin Nominated
Best Sound Editing Stephen Hunter Flick Nominated
Best Visual Effects (Special Achievement Award) Eric Brevig, Rob Bottin, Tim McGovern & Alex Funke Won
Saturn Awards
Best Science Fiction Film Won
Best Costume Erica Edell Phillips Won
Best Actor Arnold Schwarzenegger Nominated
Best Direction Paul Verhoeven Nominated
Best Make-up Rob Bottin, Jeff Dawn, Craig Berkeley & Robin Weiss Nominated
Best Music Jerry Goldsmith Nominated
Best Special Effects Thomas L. Fisher, Eric Brevig & Rob Bottin Nominated
Best Supporting Actress Rachel Ticotin Nominated
Best Writing Ronald Shusett, Dan O'Bannon & Gary Goldman Nominated
Japan Academy Prize Outstanding Foreign Language Film Nominated
BAFTA Best Special Visual Effects Whole Special Visual Effects Production team Nominated
Hugo Award Best Dramatic Presentation Tyler Maurice Kooy Nominated

In 2008, Total Recall was nominated for AFI's Top 10 Science Fiction Films list.[28]

Legacy

Novelization

The film was novelized by Piers Anthony.[29] The novel and film correspond fairly well, although Anthony was evidently working from an earlier script than the one used for the film, and was criticized for the ending of his book which removed the ambiguity whether the events of Total Recall are real or a dream. In addition, the novel had a subplot wherein the aliens planted a fail-safe device within their Mars technology, so that if it were misused or destroyed, the local star would go nova and therefore prevent the species from entering the galactic community. It coincided with a comment earlier in the novel that astronomers were noticing an abnormal number of recent supernovae, giving an indication that the aliens seeded their tech as part of a galactic experiment in technological maturity. Instead of mentioning that he dreamt of her earlier in the film, Melina mentions she was once a model, explaining how Quaid could have seen her on the screen at Rekall.

Video game

A video game was made based on the film, featuring 2D action, platformer scenes and top-down racing scenes; a version was released for popular 8-bit home computers (Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC), and popular 16-bit home computers (Amiga and Atari ST). The game was developed and released by Ocean Software, reaching number 2 in the UK sales charts, behind Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.[30] There was also a NES version which was notably different from the others, being developed by a different team (Interplay), who were subcontracted by Acclaim Entertainment. Interplay defended the changes, however, claiming that their alteration stuck closer to the spirit of the original short story, which they said "read more like a platformer." In a tie-in with the NES game, the August 1990 version of Nintendo Power promoted the game for their well-known monthly mail-in contests, under the Rekall hype "Making the Impossible Possible" whereby first prize would be one of the Martian police uniforms along with a videotaped trip to Hollywood with a chance to meet Schwarenegger. Years later, the magazine admitted it felt that was their worst promotion, as "our winner did not get to meet Arnold until late 1991, and even then only for a quick handshake." [31]

Television series

A television series called Total Recall 2070 went into production in 1999. The show was meant to be a prequel; however, it had far more similarities with the Blade Runner film (also inspired by a Philip K. Dick story) than Verhoeven's film.[32] The two-hour series pilot, released on VHS and DVD for the North American market, borrowed footage from the film, such as the space cruiser arriving on Mars.

Comic series

In 2011, a four-issue comic book adaptation was released by Dynamite Entertainment, continuing the story from the film.[33]

Sequel

Due to the film's success, a sequel was written with the script title Total Recall 2, and with Schwarzenegger's character still Douglas Quaid, now working as a reformed law enforcer. The sequel was based on another Philip K. Dick short story, "The Minority Report", which hypothesizes about a future where a crime can be solved before it is committed—in the movie, the clairvoyants would be Martian mutants.[34] The sequel was not filmed, but the script survived and it was changed drastically and contained greater elements from the original short story. The story was eventually adapted into the Steven Spielberg sci-fi thriller Minority Report, which opened in 2002 to commercial success.[35][36]

Remake

In February 2009, The Hollywood Reporter stated that Neal H. Moritz and Original Film were in negotiations for developing a contemporary version of Total Recall for Columbia.[37] In June, 2009, it was announced that Columbia Pictures had hired Kurt Wimmer to write the script for the remake. Over a year later, Len Wiseman was hired to direct.[38]

On January 9, 2011, it was confirmed that Colin Farrell would be starring in the remake and Bryan Cranston would play the villain, with production starting in Toronto on May 15. According to producer Neal Moritz, this version of the film would be closer to Dick's original story. Moritz also stated that the film would not be shot in 3D, saying: "we decided that it would be too much."[39] Kate Beckinsale was cast in the role of agent Lori,[40] while John Cho was cast as McClane, the smooth-talking rep for the memory company.[41]

The film was released on August 3, 2012[42] and received mixed reviews.[43][44]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "TOTAL RECALL (18)". British Board of Film Classification. June 13, 1990. Retrieved October 31, 2014.
  2. ↑ Vest, Jason P. (2009). Future Imperfect: Philip K. Dick at the Movies. University of Nebraska Press. p. 184 (note 2.1). ISBN 9780803218604.
  3. ↑ "Total Recall (1990)". Box Office Mojo. October 2, 1990. Retrieved August 22, 2011.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Keesey, Douglas (2005). Paul Verhoeven. pp. 119, 123. ISBN 3-8228-3101-8.
  5. ↑ See Kaitlyn Leeb, the Three-Breasted Woman From 'Total Recall,' at Comic-Con (Video)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Rose, Frank. "The Second Coming of Philip K. Dick". Wired magazine.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Leamer, Laurence. Fantastic: The Life of Arnold Schwarzenegger, pp. 259–262. Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 0-312-93301-0
  8. ↑ David Stratton, The Avocado Plantation: Boom and Bust in the Australian Film Industry, Pan MacMillan, 1990 p285-286
  9. ↑ Review at Moria.co.nz, 2005
  10. ↑ Robb, Brian J. (2006), Counterfeit Worlds: Philip K. Dick on Film, Titan Books, pp. 15, 158-159, ISBN 1-84023-968-9
  11. ↑ Fabrikant, Geraldine (December 10, 1990). "The Hole in Hollywood's Pocket". New York Times. Retrieved February 19, 2009.
  12. ↑ "The 101 Most Powerful People in Entertainment". Entertainment Weekly. November 2, 1990. Retrieved February 19, 2009.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Lichtenfeld, Eric. Action Speaks Louder: Violence, Spectacle, and the American Action Movie. Wesleyan University Press, 2007. ISBN 0-8195-6801-5
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "SoundtrackNet : Total Recall Soundtrack". Soundtrack.net. Retrieved 2009-06-08.
  15. ↑ "Varèse Sarabande Product Details". Varesesarabande.com. Archived from the original on April 21, 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-08.
  16. ↑ "Total Recall (Jerry Goldsmith)". Filmtracks.com. Retrieved 2009-06-08.
  17. ↑ Broeske, Pat H. (1990-06-04). "Total Recall Totally Dominates Box Office Movies: Film starring Schwarzenegger posts one of the top 10 biggest three-day openings ever.". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  18. ↑ Rotten Tomatoes. "Total Recall".
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Metacritic. "Total Recall". Retrieved 2007-12-03.
  20. ↑ Review by Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times, 1 June 1990
  21. ↑ Review by Owen Gleiberman, Entertainment Weekly
  22. ↑ Buckland. pg. 209
  23. ↑ Review by James Berardinelli, ReelViews
  24. ↑ Review by Janet Maslin of the NY Times, 1 June 1990
  25. ↑ Review by Rita Kempley, Washington Post
  26. ↑ Susan Faludi, in Backlash, Chatto & Windus, 1992, p. 169
  27. ↑ "The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2011-10-20.
  28. ↑ AFI's 10 Top 10 Ballot
  29. ↑ ISBN 0-380-70874-4
  30. ↑ http://ysrnry.co.uk/ys65.htm
  31. ↑ Nintendo Power, May 1995
  32. ↑ Platt, John (1999-03-01), "A Total Recall spin-off that's an awful lot like Blade Runner", Science Fiction Weekly: Issue 98 Vol.5 No.9, archived from the original on 2008-01-15, retrieved 2008-02-06
  33. ↑ "Total Recall #1". dynamiteentertainment.com. Retrieved May 12, 2011.
  34. ↑ Overview of Total Recall DVD audio commentary at DVDtimes.co.uk
  35. ↑ "Minority Report box office reports". Box Office Mojo.
  36. ↑ "Home Video (DVD & VHS) Out Sells Feature Films, Video Games and Movies in 2002". audiorevolution.com. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  37. ↑ "'Total Recall' ready for revival". The Hollywood Reporter. 2009-02-25. Retrieved 2012-09-05.
  38. ↑ "Wimmer to write 'Recall' remake—Entertainment News, Film News, Media". Variety. 2009-06-02. Retrieved 2009-06-03.
  39. ↑ "Neal Moritz Interview TOTAL RECALL; Says Colin Farrell Is the Lead, No 3D". Collider. January 9, 2011.
  40. ↑ "Kate Beckinsale has also been set for Total Recall role". bangshowbiz.com. 2011-04-21. Retrieved 2011-04-21.
  41. ↑ Labrecque, Jeff (2011-05-26). "John Cho signs on for 'Total Recall' -- EXCLUSIVE". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2011-05-26.
  42. ↑ Fischer, Russ (February 25, 2011). "Sony Schedules 'Total Recall' For August 2012, Also Dates 'I Hate You, Dad' And Kevin James' MMA Film". /Film. Retrieved 2012-08-26.
  43. ↑ "Total Recall". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixter. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
  44. ↑ "Total Recall". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 2012-08-07.

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