Tornado, West Virginia

Tornado, West Virginia
Census-designated place (CDP)
Location in Kanawha County and state of West Virginia.
Coordinates: 38°20′34″N 81°50′39″W / 38.34278°N 81.84417°W / 38.34278; -81.84417Coordinates: 38°20′34″N 81°50′39″W / 38.34278°N 81.84417°W / 38.34278; -81.84417
Country	United States
State	West Virginia
County	Kanawha
Area[1]
• Total	17.2 sq mi (45 km2)
• Land	16.9 sq mi (44 km2)
• Water	0.2 sq mi (0.5 km2)
Elevation	614 ft (187 m)
Population (2010)[2]
• Total	3,701
• Density	220/sq mi (83/km2)
Time zone	Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP Codes	25177, 25202
Area code(s)	304 & 681
GNIS feature ID	1555859

Upper Falls of Coal River, with Upper Falls Dam above and the historic lock in the foreground, viewed from Upper Falls Landing.

Tornado^[3] is a census-designated place (CDP)^[3] in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. Tornado is also known as Upper Falls,^[3] the U.S. Census Bureau's official name for the community. The United States Board on Geographic Names declared the community's official name to be Tornado in 2013 due to a request from the Kanawha County Commission, which determined that residents of the community supported the name Tornado over Upper Falls.^[4] It is also known as Andrews Heights, Big Bend and Upper Falls of Coal River.^[3]

The Coal River bisects the community and gives it its historical name from the cascading waters of its Upper Falls.<ref name="geonames.usgs.gov"">United States Geological Survey "Upper Falls of Coal River"</ref>

The Upper Falls CDP contains the populated places of Ferrell,^[3] River Bend^[3] and Tornado.

At 17.2 square miles, Upper Falls is the largest CDP in the state of West Virginia.^[5] As of the 2010 census, its population was 3,701.^[6]

Tornado is in the Charleston, West Virginia metropolitan area.

Geography

Tornado^[7] is located at 38°20′34″N 81°50′39″W / 38.34278°N 81.84417°W / 38.34278; -81.84417 (38.342872, -81.844296).^[1]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Upper Falls CDP has a total area of 17.2 square miles (44.49 km²), of which, 16.9 square miles (43.84 km²) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.644 km²) (1.45%) is water.^[5]

The United States Geological Survey identifies the community's namesake Upper Falls of Coal River at 38°20′33″N 81°50′29″W.<ref name="geonames.usgs.gov"">United States Geological Survey "Upper Falls of Coal River"</ref>

Demographics

As of the Census of 2010,^[8] there were 3,701 people, 1,458 households, and 1,072 families residing in the community. The population density was 218.6 people per square mile (84.4/km²). There were 1,549 housing units at an average density of 91.7/sq mi (35.3/km²). The racial makeup of the community was 96.8% White, 1.1% African American, 0.4% American Indian and Alaska Natives, 0.3% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.4% of the population.

There were 1,458 households out of which 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.3% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 26.5% were non-families. 20.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.93.

The community's age distribution was 19.4% under the age of 15, 10.2% from 15 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 31% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males.

2000 data

In 2000, the Upper Falls CDP was named Tornado; the Tornado CDP covered a smaller area than the Upper Falls CDP does now.

As of the census^[9] of 2000, there were 1,111 people, 419 households, and 330 families residing in that CDP. The population density was 309.0 people per square mile (119.2/km²). There were 437 housing units at an average density of 121.6/sq mi (46.9/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.21% White, 0.36% African American, 0.27% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 0.09% from other races, and 1.98% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.54% of the population.

There were 419 households out of which 37.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.7% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.2% were non-families. 17.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.01.

In Tornado the population was spread out with 26.8% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $50,000, and the median income for a family was $50,350. Males had a median income of $31,932 versus $25,670 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,999. About 2.3% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

History

The Upper Falls of Coal River was discovered in 1742 by John Peter Salling during an expedition along the Coal River. Salling and four companions each received a governor's commission from the state of Virginia to explore the territory east of the Mississippi River, in return for 10,000-acre land grants. It was this group that also discovered coal along the banks of the Coal River.

It was not until after the Revolutionary War that European settlers began moving into the area. Even then, the few^[10] who survived the attacks of the native peoples usually fled to safer destinations. But by around 1800, a gristmill^[11] was established by Joseph Thomas at the Upper Falls, which continued in operation until the 1930s.

Beginning about 1830, timber harvested from the region was floated on the Coal River to Saint Albans. At the same time, great quantities of marketable cannel coal were found on the upper Coal River. However, only at periods of high water could logs and shallow wooden boats loaded with coal be drifted over the Upper Falls and Lower Falls and on down the river.

A system of wooden-crib locks and dams designed to make Coal River navigable^[12] was constructed in the 1850s to transport cannel coal, bituminous coal, coal oil and timber to market. This began the era of two-way commercial steamboat traffic on the river. The Upper Falls was the site of Upper Falls Lock and Dam^[13][14] and Edward Kenna, who also developed a sawmill^[15] at the Upper Falls around 1850, was lockmaster;^[16] his son, John Edward Kenna, served as United States Senator from West Virginia. Damage caused by ongoing flooding and the outbreak of the Civil War suspended steam tug navigation of Coal River. Traffic resumed after the war, but ended permanently in 1881.

From 1858, at least ten failed attempts were made to build a rail line up the Coal River. Finally, under the direction of General Cornelius Clarkson Watts, a Confederate veteran, construction of the Coal River and Western Railway began in 1902 and was completed in 1904. The lasting economic boom brought by the railroad to the region saw the bustling Upper Falls Station^[17] offer daily service for both passengers and freight. Timber extraction ended in the 1920s, but the rail line^[18] through Upper Falls, now owned by CSX Transportation, still transports massive amounts of bituminous coal to global markets.

There was a rapid influx of people to the area during and soon after World War II and many came to live in Tornado. They found employment in the defense and chemical manufacturing industries in the Kanawha Valley and benefited from economic prosperity as a result. Today, Tornado is a residential suburb and recreation destination of the Charleston metropolitan area.^[19]

Post Offices

The Upper Falls of Coal Post Office, the first to serve the area, was established in 1851.^[20][21] During Reconstruction, it was replaced by a post office named Tornado in 1881.^[22][23] Today, residents in the northern portion of the Upper Falls CDP receive mail service from the Saint Albans Post Office at ZIP Code 25177. Residents in the southern portion of the Upper Falls CDP receive mail through the Tornado Post Office at ZIP Code 25202. This is currently the only one of the two post offices to support mail delivery using the city name Upper Falls.^[24]

Other Names

Since the earliest European settlers moved into the area in the 1700s, Tornado was known as Upper Falls, Upper Falls of Coal, Upper Falls of Coals, Upper Falls Coal River, Upper Falls of Coal River, Upper Falls of the Coal River and Upper Falls on Coal River.^[25]

Andrews Heights^[3] is an area of Upper Falls named for landowner R. Carl Andrews,^[26] who served as mayor of Charleston from 1947 to 1950^[27] and was a Democratic candidate for governor of West Virginia in 1940.^[28] Andrews Heights Elementary School was named for Mayor Andrews.

Big Bend^[3] is an area of Upper Falls that is named for the Big Bend of Coal River.^[29] The river's Big Bend circumscribes Big Bend Golf Course, which also takes its name.

The official name Tornado first appeared when a new post office opened in the community in 1881.^[30][31]

Transportation

During its history, transportation infrastructure serving Tornado has included roads, rail and water transport.

Highways

The primary means of transportation throughout the CDP today is by secondary highways.

In a clockwise direction on the map, Coal River Road (Kanawha County Highway 3) intersects the northern boundary of Upper Falls at Tear Drop Lane (private). Dogwood Road (CH 6/6) crosses the northern border at the Armstrong Tunnel. Smith Creek Road (CH 9) encompasses Upper Falls Intersection^[32] and Upper Falls Crossing,^[33] then demarcates the CDP to the east at Dry Ridge Road (CH 8). Coal River Road (CH 9/1) bisects Upper Falls, as it also crosses the southern border at the Lincoln County line. Falls Creek Road (CH 3) intersects the southern boundary at the Lincoln County line, as well. Woods Drive (CH 1/3) crosses to the west at the Putnam County line. Finally, Browns Creek Road (CH 1) delimits the CDP at the intersection of Bryants Branch Road (CH 3/3) to the north and proceeds to its terminus at the Midland Trail.^[34]

Rail

The Coal River subdivision, a CSX Transportation main line, runs parallel to Coal River, dividing Tornado from north to south. Its primary use is to transport coal from the Southern West Virginia coalfields to global markets. There was once a railroad station^[35] in the community with the name Upper Falls Station.^[19]

River

Coal River is still designated by the federal government as a navigable waterway,^[12] though the 19th century system of locks^[13] and dams^[36] that made commercial transportation possible no longer exists.^[19]

Education

Educational opportunities available to Tornado students are provided by these schools.

• Andrews Heights Elementary School, 7776 Coal River Road
• Humphreys After School Program, 7799 Coal River Road

Recreation

Tornado offers numerous recreational possibilities.^[37]

• Big Bend Golf Course, 151 Riverview Drive
• Coal River^[38]
• Meadowood Park, 292 Pettigrew Lane^[39][40]
• Mountaineer Radio Control Flying Club, 8004 Smith Creek Road
• Walhonde Trail^[41]

Religion

Churches of the following denominations serve the spiritual needs of Tornado residents.

• Browns Creek Church of God, 2550 Browns Creek Road
• Humphreys Memorial United Methodist Church, 7799 Coal River Road
• New Hope Baptist Church, 9414 Coal River Road
• Pleasant Hill Baptist Church, 7398 Smith Creek Road
• Riverview Freewill Baptist Church, 10603 Coal River Road
• Tornado Apostolic Church, 1100 Gore Addition Road

References

External links

• History of Upper Falls, West Virginia
• Upper Falls, West Virginia Geographic Features
• Upper Falls, West Virginia Recreation

Municipalities and communities of Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States County seat: Charleston Cities Charleston Dunbar Marmet Montgomery‡ Nitro‡ St. Albans Smithers‡ South Charleston Towns Belle Cedar Grove Chesapeake Clendenin East Bank Glasgow Handley Pratt CDPs Alum Creek‡ Big Chimney Chelyan Coal Fork Cross Lanes Elkview Jefferson Pinch Rand Shrewsbury Sissonville Tornado Unincorporated communities Aarons Acme Acup Airport Village Amandaville Amelia Annfred Apgah Barren Creek Blackhawk Blakeley Blount Blue Creek Blundon Bream Brounland Burnwell Cabin Creek Carbon Carney Cinco Coal Coalburg Coalridge Coco Copenhaver Corton Crede Crown Hill Davis Creek Dawes Decota Dial Diamond Dickinson Donwood Dry Branch Dungriff Dupont City East Nitro East Side Edgewood Elk Elk Forest Elk Hills Emmons‡ Eskdale Etowah Falling Rock Ferrell Fivemile Forest Hills Forks of Coal Fort Hill Frame Fuquay Gallagher Gazil Giles Green Valley Greencastle Grippe Guthrie Hansford Heatherman Hernshaw Hicumbottom Highlawn Hillsdale Hitop Holly Hollygrove Hollyhurst Hugheston Indian Institute Island Branch Ivydale Jarrett Jarretts Ford Joplin Kanawha Estates Kayford Kelly Hill Kendalia Laing Leewood Legg Lico Lincoln Livingston London Loudendale Lower Belle Lower Falls Malden Mammoth Meadowbrook Miami Milliken Mink Shoals Monarch Morris Mound Notomine Nuckolls Ohley Olcott Pentacre Pocatalico Pond Gap Port Amherst Putney Quarrier Quick Reamer Red Warrior Rensford Republic River Bend Riverside Rocky Fork Rock Lake Village Ronda Rosina Ruth Ruthdale Rutledge Sanderson Sandy Sattes Schrader Sharon Snow Hill Sproul Standard Tad Three Mile Turner Twomile Tyler Heights Tyler Mountain United Victor Wallace Ward Weir Wevaco Whittaker Wilson Winifrede Youngs Bottom Footnotes ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties