Timeline of Peruvian history

This is a timeline of Peruvian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Peru and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Peru. See also the list of Presidents of Peru.

This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

13th century

Year Date Event
1230 Manco Cápac died from being shot in the left eye Sinchi Roca, his son, married his sister, and succeeded him as Inca of the Inca empire.
1260 Sinchi Roca was succeeded by his son Lloque Yupanqui.
1290 Lloque Yupanqui was succeeded by his son Mayta Cápac.

14th century

Year Date Event
1320 Mayta Cápac was succeeded by his son Cápac Yupanqui.
1350 Cápac Yupanqui was succeeded by his son Inca Roca.
1380 Inca Roca died. His heir Quispe Yupanqui was killed in a coup, and the throne went to Yáhuar Huácac, another son.

15th century

Year Date Event
1410 Yáhuar Huácac was succeeded by his son Viracocha.
1438 Viracocha was succeeded by his son Pachacuti, who would expand Cuzco into the Inca Empire.
1471 Pachacuti died. His son Tupac Inca Yupanqui succeeded him.
1493 Tupac Inca Yupanqui died from being severely raped and was succeeded by Huayna Capac.

16th century

Year Date Event
1527 Huayna Capac died and was succeeded by his heir Ninan Cuyochi.
1532 13 May Conquistador Francisco Pizarro landed on the northern coast of Peru.
15 November Pizarro arrived at Cajamarca.
16 November Battle of Cajamarca The Spanish army took the Inca emperor Atahualpa prisoner, marking the end of his empire.
1535 18 January Spaniards founded the city of Lima.
1542 22 November The Viceroyalty of Peru was established

17th century

Year Date Event
1656 Pedro Bohórquez announced to the Calchaqui Indians that he was the last living descendant of the Inca emperors.
1659 Bohórquez led the Calchaqui in an uprising against the Spanish crown.
1667 3 January Bohórquez was executed and displayed in Lima.

18th century

Year Date Event
1717 The New Kingdom of Granada became an independent viceroyalty under the Spanish crown.
1742 Juan Santos Atahualpa led a failed uprising against the Spanish colonial government.
1776 The Governorate of the Río de la Plata was spun off as an independent viceroyalty.
1780 18 November Battle of Sangarará: Indigenous rebels led by Túpac Amaru II soundly defeated a numerically inferior Spanish force while they attended church.
1781 18 May Túpac Amaru II was drawn and quartered in Cuzco.

19th century

Year Date Event
1810 25 May Viceroy José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa sent troops to Córdoba, Potosí, La Paz and Charcas and reincorporated them into the Viceroyalty of Peru.
1815 15 October By royal order, Joaquín de la Pezuela was named viceroy of Peru to replace Abascal.
1820 20 September An Argentine army led by José de San Martín landed at Paracas.
1821 29 January Pezuela was deposed. José de la Serna was proclaimed viceroy.
6 July De la Serna moved the capital to Cuzco.
28 July Peruvian War of Independence: San Martín declared the independence of Peru.
1824 9 December Battle of Ayacucho: The Spanish army was defeated, marking the end of Spanish rule in South America.
1837 9 May The Peru-Bolivian Confederacy was established.
1839 25 August The Peru-Bolivian Confederacy was officially dissolved.
1866 2 May A Spanish fleet under the command of Admiral Casto Méndez Núñez besieged the port city of Callao.
1879 5 April War of the Pacific: Chile declared war on Peru and Bolivia.
1883 20 October War of the Pacific: Under the Treaty of Ancón, the war ended with the cession of Peru's Tarapacá Province to Chile.

20th century

Year Date Event
1948 29 October A military coup installed General Manuel A. Odría as President of Peru.
1956 Odría allowed free elections.
1968 3 October General Juan Velasco Alvarado seized power in a military coup.
1975 29 August A number of prominent military commanders overthrew the Alvarado government and installed General Francisco Morales Bermúdez in the presidency.
1979 12 July A new constitution came into force.
1985 14 April Alan García won election to the Presidency.
1990 8 April Alberto Fujimori defeated Mario Vargas Llosa in a presidential election.
1992 5 April Fujimori dissolved the Congress.
12 September The Maoist leader Abimael Guzmán was arrested in Lima.
1995 26 January Cenepa War: The war broke out.
9 April Peruvian general election, 1995: Fujimori was re-elected president of Perú.
1996 17 December The terrorist group Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) took hostage hundreds of high-level diplomats, government and military officials and business executives who were attending a party at the official residence of Japan's ambassador to Peru.
1997 22 April The Peruvian army mounted a dramatic raid on the residence. Fourteen members of the MRTA were killed, crippling the organization, and the hostages were freed.

21st century

Year Date Event
2001 8 April Peruvian general election, 2001: Possible Peru won a plurality of seats in the Congress. Their presidential candidate, Alejandro Toledo, went into a runoff against Alan García of the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA).
3 June Peruvian general election, 2001: Toledo won the presidency.
2003 26 May Toledo declared a state of emergency in response to a series of paralyzing strikes.
2006 9 April Peruvian general election, 2006: Union for Peru won a plurality of seats in the Congress. Their presidential candidate, Ollanta Humala, went into a runoff against García.
4 June García won the presidency.
2007 15 August 2007 Peru earthquake: A 7.9 earthquake hit Pisco Province.
2009 1 February The Peru – United States Trade Promotion Agreement was implemented.

See also