Timeline of Madrid

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Madrid, Spain.

This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Prior to 17th century

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• Prehistory: Quaternary period or Lower Paleolithic- First archaeological signs of human occupation
• Roman period: mansion or staging-post (Miacum) established
• 5th century AD – archaeological remains reported in 2007 indicate Visigoth occupation
• 9th century – Muhammad I of Córdoba ordered the construction of an Alcazar
• 1085 – Alfonso VI of León and Castile takes the city in the Reconquista.
• 1339 – Treaty of Madrid secures collaboration between Aragon and Castile
• 1499 –
  • Cardinal Cisneros founded the Complutense University.
  • Fernando de Rojas publishes La Celestina in Madrid
• 1505 – San Jerónimo el Real built.
• 1526 – Treaty of Madrid signed.
• 1537 – Casa de Cisneros built.
• 1559 – Convent of Las Descalzas Reales founded.
• 1561
  • Court of Philip II moves to Madrid.^[1]
  • Population: 30,000.
• 1584 – Bridge of Segovia built.

17th century

• 1601 – Court of Philip III moves from Madrid to Valladolid.
• 1605 - Cervantes' novel Don Quixote published.
• 1606 – Court of Philip III returns to Madrid.
• 1613 – Palace of the Councils built.
• 1616 – Real Monasterio de la Encarnación inaugurated.
• 1619 – Plaza Mayor laid out; Casa de la Panadería built.
• 1633 – Church of San Antonio de los Alemanes built.
• 1636 – Royal Alcazar built.
• 1637 – Buen Retiro Palace built.
• 1643 – Palacio de Santa Cruz built.
• 1644 - Funeral of Isabel de Borbón.^[2]
• 1661 – Gazeta de Madrid begins publication.^[3]
• 1664 – San Isidro Church built.
• 1672 – Premiere of Guevara–Hidalgo's zarzuela Celos Hacen Estrellas.^[4]

18th century

The San Francisco el Grande Basilica was finished in 1784

• 1706 – City occupied by Portuguese.
• 1713 – Real Academia Española founded.^[5]
• 1714 – Real Biblioteca del Palacio formed.^[5]
• 1734 – Royal Alcazar burns down.
• 1737 – Real Colegio de Profesores Boticarios established.
• 1738 – Real Academia de la Historia founded.^[5]
• 1743 – Teatro de la Cruz renovated.
• 1751 – Compañía Guipuzcoana de Caracas headquartered in Madrid.^[6]
• 1752 – Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando founded.^[5]
• 1755 – Real Jardín Botánico founded.
• 1756 – Puerta de Recoletos built.
• 1766 – Esquilache Riots.
• 1767 – Buen Retiro Park opens.
• 1770 – Casa de Fieras zoo opens.
• 1778 – Puerta de Alcalá inaugurated.
• 1782 – Cibeles Fountain built.
• 1784 – San Francisco el Grande Basilica built.
• 1790 – Plaza Mayor reconstructed.
• 1798 – Royal Chapel of St. Anthony of La Florida built.

19th century

Map of Madrid, 1857

• 1808 – Dos de Mayo Uprising.
• 1812 – Napoleon takes city.
• 1817 – Moncloa Porcelain Factory in operation.^[7]
• 1819 – Museo del Prado established.
• 1830 – Royal Conservatory of Music founded.
• 1831 – Bolsa de Madrid founded.^[8]
• 1832 - Lhardy patisserie in business.^[9]
• 1835 – Ateneo de Madrid founded.
• 1836
  • Biblioteca Nacional established.^[5]
  • Literary University relocates to Madrid.
• 1840 – Monumento a los Caidos por España inaugurated.
• 1843 – Museo Naval de Madrid inaugurated.^[10]
• 1850 – Teatro Real opera house opens.
• 1851 – Estación de Mediodía inaugurated.
• 1856 – Teatro de la Zarzuela opens.
• 1864 – Hotel Paris opens.
• 1866 – Sociedad de Conciertos de Madrid founded.
• 1867 – National Archaeological Museum of Spain established.
• 1868 – City walls dismantled.^[11]
• 1874 – Bull ring constructed on Plaza de Toros.^[3]
• 1875 – Museo Nacional de Antropología inaugurated.
• 1877 – Population: 397,816.^[12]
• 1884 – Cementerio de la Almudena established.
• 1885 – Theatre of María Guerrero built.
• 1887
  • Café Comercial in business.
  • Palacio de Cristal built.
  • Population: 472,228.^[12]
• 1888 – Café Gijón opens.^[9]
• 1892 – Exposición Histórico-Americana held.^[13]
• 1893 – Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre formed.

20th century

The Monument to Alfonso XII was finished in 1922

• 1900 – Population: 539,835.^[12]
• 1902 – Real Madrid C.F. founded
• 1903 – Madrid Symphony Orchestra formed.
• 1905 – Parque del Oeste inaugurated.
• 1909 – Cibeles Palace built.
• 1910
  • Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales established.
  • Residencia de Estudiantes founded.
• 1911
  • Cuatro Vientos Airport opens.
  • Metropolis Building inaugurated.
• 1912 – Hotel Palace opens.
• 1916 – Market of San Miguel constructed.
• 1919 – Metro begins operating.
• 1920 - Population: 750,896.^[14]
• 1922 – Monument to Alfonso XII inaugurated.
• 1923 – Teatro Monumental built.
• 1924
  • Hotel Florida opens.
  • National Museum of Romanticism inaugurated.
• 1925 – Teatro Pavón opens.
• 1928 - Catholic Opus Dei founded.
• 1929 – Gran Vía constructed.
• 1930 – Teatro Munoz Seca opens.
• 1931
  • City designated capital of Spanish Republic.
  • Airport begins operating.
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (Spain) headquartered in Madrid.
• 1932 – Museo Sorolla inaugurated.
• 1934 – Museum of the Spanish Village formed.
• 1935 – House-Museum of Lope de Vega opens.
• 1936 – November: Siege of Madrid begins.^[15]
• 1939
  • March: Siege of Madrid ends; Nationalists in power.^[1]
  • Capital of Spanish State relocated to Madrid from Burgos.
• 1940
  • Spanish National Orchestra founded.
  • Population: 1,088,647.^[14]
• 1941 – Museum of the Americas founded.
• 1944
  • Carabanchel Prison built.
  • Museum Cerralbo opens.
• 1946 – Estadio Santiago Bernabéu opens.
• 1950 – Lope de Vega Theater opens.
• 1951 – Museum of Lázaro Galdiano opens.
• 1960 - Population: 2,259,931.^[14]
• 1965 – RTVE Symphony Orchestra formed.
• 1966 – Estadio Vicente Calderón opens.
• 1967 – City flag design adopted.
• 1968 – Autonomous University of Madrid established.
• 1969 – Comillas Pontifical University relocates to Madrid.
• 1970 - Population: 3,146,071.^[14]
• 1971 – Technical University of Madrid formed.
• 1972
  • Zoo Aquarium built.
  • Temple of Debod installed.
• 1973 – Operación Ogro.
• 1975 – La Movida Madrileña.
• 1976 – Torres de Colón built.
• 1977 – Massacre of Atocha.
• 1978
  • Sabatini Gardens open.
  • Centro Dramático Nacional created.
• 1979 – Windsor Tower built.
• 1981 – Museo de Aeronáutica y Astronáutica founded.
• 1982 – City hosts FIFA World Cup.
• 1983
  • Almudena Cathedral consecrated.
  • November – Avianca Flight 011 accident.
  • December – Alcalá 20 nightclub fire.
• 1984 – Queen Sofía Chamber Orchestra formed.
• 1987 – Community of Madrid Orchestra founded.
• 1988 – National Auditorium of Music inaugurated.
• 1989 – El Mundo begins publication.
• 1991
  • City hosts Israeli–Palestinian peace conference.
  • Population: 2,984,576.^[14]
• 1992
  • Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line and Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum open.
  • Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía and Juan Carlos I Park established.
• 1993 – National Museum of Anthropology formed.
• 1994 – Festimad music festival begins.
• 1996 – Gate of Europe and Islamic Cultural Center of Madrid built.^[16]
• 1997 – Teatro Real reopens.

21st century

Plaque in memory of the victims of the 2004 Madrid train bombings

• 2002 – Madrid Arena opens.
• 2003 – Manzanares Park inaugurated.
• 2004
  • March: Train bombings.^[17]
  • Museo del Traje established.^[18]
• 2005
  • June: Demonstration against ETA.^[19]
  • Madrid–Toledo high-speed rail line begins operating.
  • Forest of Remembrance dedicated.
  • Madrid Ballet established.
• 2006
  • Art Madrid contemporary art fair begins.
  • Teatro Valle-Inclán opens.
  • December 30: Airport bombing.^[17]
• 2007 – Metro Ligero begins operating.
• 2008
  • Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line begins operating.
  • Spanair Flight 5022 crash.
  • CaixaForum Madrid opens.
  • Torre PwC, Torre Caja Madrid, Torre de Cristal, and Torre Espacio built.
  • Saturday Night Fiber music festival held.
• 2009 – Population: 3,264,497.^[20]
• 2011
  • 15-M Movement protests.
  • Parque Madrid Río inaugurated.^[21][22]
  • Manuel Cobo becomes mayor, succeeded by Ana Botella.^[23]
• 2012 – November: Anti-austerity protests.^[24]

See also

• List of mayors of Madrid
• History of Madrid
• Madrid capital
• Timeline of Barcelona
• Timeline of Bilbao
• Timeline of Córdoba
• Timeline of Granada
• Timeline of Málaga
• Timeline of Pamplona
• Timeline of Santander
• Timeline of Seville
• Timeline of Valencia

References

Further reading

Published in the 18th-19th century

• Thomas Nugent (1749), "Madrid", The Grand Tour 4, London: S. Birt 
• Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Madrid", New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven, Connecticut: S. Converse 
• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Madrid". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood. 
• Cabinet Cyclopædia (London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, & Green), VII: Cities and Principal Towns of the World, 1830, OCLC 2665202  Missing or empty |title= (help); |chapter= ignored (help)
• Arthur de Capell Brooke (1831), "Madrid", Sketches in Spain and Morocco, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, OCLC 13783280 
• Richard Ford (1855), "Madrid", A Handbook for Travellers in Spain (3rd ed.), London: John Murray, OCLC 2145740 
• Samuel Sullivan Cox (1870), "Madrid", Search for Winter Sunbeams in the Riviera, Corsica, Algiers and Spain, New York: D. Appleton & Company, OCLC 1022285 
• Eusebio Blasco (1873), Madrid por dentro y por fuera: Guia de forasteros incautos [Madrid inside and out: stranger's guide] (in Spanish), Julian Peña, OCLC 34689580 
• Madame d'Aulnoy (1874), Mme B. Carey, ed., La cour et la ville de Madrid vers la fin du XVIIe siècle [The court and the city of Madrid in the late seventeenth century] (in French), Paris: E. Plon et cie 
• Timoteo Domingo Palacio, ed. (1888), Documentos del Archivo General de la villa de Madrid [Documents from the Archives of the City of Madrid] (in Spanish), Madrid: Impr. y Lit. Municipal  v.4
• John Lomas, ed. (1889), "Madrid", O'Shea's Guide to Spain and Portugal (8th ed.), Edinburgh: Adam & Charles Black 

Published in the 20th century

• "Madrid". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German) (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1908. 
• Nathaniel Newnham Davis (1911), "Madrid", The Gourmet's Guide to Europe (3rd ed.), London: Grant Richards 
• Francis Whiting Halsey, ed. (1914). "Madrid". Spain and Portugal. Seeing Europe with Famous Authors 9. Funk & Wagnalls Company – via Hathi Trust. 
• Beatrice Erskine (1922), Madrid: Past and Present, London: John Lane 
• Trudy Ring, ed. (1996). "Madrid". Southern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places 3. Fitzroy Dearborn. OCLC 31045650. 
• Michael Ugarte (1996), Madrid 1900, University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press, ISBN 0271015594 

Published in the 21st century

• David Gilmour (2012). "Madrid". Cities of Spain. Random House. ISBN 978-1-4481-3833-3. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Madrid.

• Nicolas de Fer (1702). "Madrid, ville considérable de la nouvelle Castille, séjour ordinaire des Roys d'Espagne".  (Map of Madrid)
• Map of Madrid, 1943
• Europeana. Items related to Madrid, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Madrid, various dates

Articles relating to Madrid Districts and wards of Madrid Arganzuela Atocha Imperial La Chopera Las Acacias Las Delicias Legazpi Palos de Moguer Barajas Aeropuerto Alameda de Osuna Casco Histórico de Barajas Corralejos Timón Carabanchel Abrantes Buenavista Comillas Opañel Puerta Bonita San Isidro Vista Alegre Centro Cortes Embajadores Justicia Malasaña Palacio Sol Chamartín Castilla Ciudad Jardín El Viso Hispanoamérica Nueva España Prosperidad Chamberí Almagro Arapiles Joaquín Gaztambide Ríos Rosas Trafalgar Vallehermoso Ciudad Lineal Atalaya Colina Concepción Pinar de Chamartín Pueblo Nuevo Quintana San Juan Bautista San Pascual Ventas Fuencarral-El Pardo Barrio del Pilar El Goloso El Pardo Fuentelarreina La Paz Mirasierra Peñagrande Valverde Hortaleza Apóstol Santiago Canillas Palomas Pinar del Rey Piovera Valdefuentes Latina Aluche Campamento Cuatro Vientos Las Águilas Lucero Los Cármenes Puerta del Ángel Moncloa-Aravaca Aravaca Argüelles Casa de Campo Ciudad Universitaria El Plantío Valdemarín Valdezarza Moratalaz Fontarrón Horcajo Marroquina Media Legua Pavones Vinateros Puente de Vallecas Entrevías Numancia Palomeras Bajas Palomeras Sureste Portazgo San Diego Retiro Adelfas Estrella Ibiza Jerónimos Niño Jesús Pacífico Salamanca Castellana Fuente del Berro Goya Guindalera Lista Parque de las Avenidas Recoletos San Blas Amposta Arcos Canillejas Hellín Rejas Rosas Salvador Simancas Tetuán Almenara Bellas Vistas Berruguete Castillejos Cuatro Caminos Valdeacederas Usera Almendrales Moscardó Orcasitas Orcasur Pradolongo San Fermín Zofío Vicálvaro Ambroz Casco Histórico de Vicálvaro Villa de Vallecas Casco Histórico de Vallecas Santa Eugenia Villaverde Butarque Los Ángeles Los Rosales San Cristóbal de los Ángeles Villaverde Alto Municipalities of the Madrid Metropolitan Area 3,000,000+ Madrid 200,000+ Alcalá de Henares Móstoles 150,000+ Alcorcón Fuenlabrada Getafe Leganés 100,000+ Alcobendas Coslada Parla Torrejón de Ardoz 50,000+ Boadilla del Monte Las Rozas de Madrid Majadahonda Pozuelo de Alarcón Rivas-Vaciamadrid San Sebastián de los Reyes Valdemoro 25,000+ Pinto San Fernando de Henares Tres Cantos Villaviciosa de Odón Municipalities of the Community of Madrid 3,000,000+ Madrid 200,000+ Alcalá de Henares Móstoles 150,000+ Alcorcón Fuenlabrada Getafe Leganés 100,000+ Alcobendas Coslada Parla Torrejón de Ardoz 50,000+ Aranjuez Arganda del Rey Boadilla del Monte Collado Villalba Las Rozas de Madrid Majadahonda Pozuelo de Alarcón Rivas-Vaciamadrid San Sebastián de los Reyes Valdemoro 25,000+ Colmenar Viejo Galapagar Navalcarnero Pinto San Fernando de Henares Tres Cantos Villaviciosa de Odón under 25,000 La Acebeda Ajalvir Alameda del Valle El Álamo Aldea del Fresno Algete Alpedrete Ambite Anchuelo Arroyomolinos El Atazar Batres Becerril de la Sierra Belmonte de Tajo El Berrueco Berzosa del Lozoya El Boalo Braojos Brea de Tajo Brunete Buitrago del Lozoya Bustarviejo Cabanillas de la Sierra La Cabrera Cadalso de los Vidrios Camarma de Esteruelas Campo Real Canencia Carabaña Casarrubuelos Cenicientos Cercedilla Cervera de Buitrago Chapinería Chinchón Ciempozuelos Cobeña Collado Mediano Colmenar de Oreja Colmenar del Arroyo Colmenarejo Corpa Cubas de la Sagra El Escorial Estremera Fresnedillas de la Oliva Fresno de Torote Fuente el Saz de Jarama Fuentidueña de Tajo Garganta de los Montes Gargantilla del Lozoya y Pinilla de Buitrago Gascones Griñón Guadalix de la Sierra Guadarrama La Hiruela Horcajo de la Sierra Horcajuelo de la Sierra Hoyo de Manzanares Loeches Lozoya Lozoyuela-Navas-Sieteiglesias Madarcos Manzanares el Real Meco Miraflores de la Sierra El Molar Los Molinos Mejorada del Campo Montejo de la Sierra Moraleja de Enmedio Moralzarzal Morata de Tajuña Navacerrada Navalafuente Navalagamella Navarredonda y San Mamés Navas del Rey Nuevo Baztán Olmeda de las Fuentes Orusco de Tajuña Paracuellos de Jarama Pedrezuela Pelayos de la Presa Perales de Tajuña Pezuela de las Torres Pinilla del Valle Piñuécar-Gandullas Pozuelo del Rey Prádena del Rincón Puebla de la Sierra Puentes Viejas Quijorna Rascafría Redueña Ribatejada Robledillo de la Jara Robledo de Chavela Robregordo Rozas de Puerto Real San Agustín del Guadalix San Lorenzo de El Escorial San Martín de la Vega San Martín de Valdeiglesias Santa María de la Alameda Santorcaz Los Santos de la Humosa La Serna del Monte Serranillos del Valle Sevilla la Nueva Somosierra Soto del Real Talamanca de Jarama Tielmes Titulcia Torrejón de la Calzada Torrejón de Velasco Torrelaguna Torrelodones Torremocha de Jarama Torres de la Alameda Valdaracete Valdeavero Valdelaguna Valdemanco Valdemaqueda Valdemorillo Valdeolmos-Alalpardo Valdepiélagos Valdetorres de Jarama Valdilecha Valverde de Alcalá El Vellón Venturada Villa del Prado Villaconejos Villalbilla Villamanrique de Tajo Villamanta Villamantilla Villanueva de la Cañada Villanueva del Pardillo Villanueva de Perales Villar del Olmo Villarejo de Salvanés Villavieja del Lozoya Zarzalejo

Coordinates: 40°24′N 3°41′W / 40.400°N 3.683°W / 40.400; -3.683