Timeline of Johannesburg

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Johannesburg, South Africa.

This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

19th century

• 1886 – Johannesburg township established by Boer government after discovery of gold in vicinity.^[1][2]
• 1887
  • The Star newspaper in publication.^[3]
  • St. Mary's Church built.^[4]
  • Johannesburg Stock Exchange founded.^[5]
  • Theatre Royal opens.^[6]
• 1890 – Library opens.^[7]
• 1891
  • Horse-drawn tram begins operating.^[4]
  • Standard Theatre opens.^[6]
• 1892 – Prison built.
• 1895 – Railway in operation.^[4]
• 1896
  • January: Uprising against Boer government.^[4]
  • 19 February: Braamfontein Explosion.
• 1897
  • Johannesburg Park Station opens.
  • Johan Zulch de Villiers becomes mayor.
• 1899 – Fort built.

20th century

• 1900 – 31 May: Town captured by British forces during the Second Boer War.^[1]
• 1903
  • Johannesburg Stock Exchange building constructed.^[2]
  • Observatory built near town.^[4]
  • Sophiatown developed.^[8]
• 1904
  • Johannesburg Zoo and Transvaal Technical Institute established.^[4]
  • April: Brickfields burned.
  • Population: 99,022.^[4]
• 1905
  • Town administrative wards created.^[4]
  • Johannesburg Statistics begins publication.^[4]
  • Alexandra developed near Johannesburg.^[9]
• 1906
  • Electric trams begin operating.^[4]
  • Sunday Times newspaper begins publication.
• 1908 – Population: 180,687.^[4]
• 1922
  • University of the Witwatersrand incorporated.
  • January–March: Miner's strike.^[10]
• 1925 – Technikon Witwatersrand established.
• 1927 - Johannesburg Symphony Orchestra founded.^[11]
• 1928 – Johannesburg gains city status.^[1]
• 1929 - South African Institute of Race Relations headquartered in city.
• 1931 – Airport opens in Germiston.
• 1935 – Johannesburg City Library building opens.^[7]
• 1936 -
  • September 15: The Empire Exhibition World's Fair opens^[12]
• 1951 - Drum magazine begins publication.
• 1952 – Jan Smuts Airport established in Kempton Park.
• 1957 – 1957 Alexandra Bus Boycott.^[13]
• 1960 – Johannesburg Planetarium opens.
• 1961 – City becomes part of the Republic of South Africa.
• 1962 – Sentech Tower built.
• 1964 – Johannesburg Botanical Garden established.
• 1966 – Rand Afrikaans University founded.^[14]
• 1969 – Hyde Park Corner (shopping centre) in business.
• 1970 – Tollman Towers and Trust Bank Building constructed.
• 1971 – Hillbrow Tower built.
• 1973 – Marble Towers, Carlton Centre, and Sandton City shopping centre built.
• 1974 – Beeld newspaper begins publication.
• 1975 – Ponte City Apartments built.
• 1976
  • 16 June: Soweto uprising.^[9]
  • Market Theatre opens.^[15]
• 1980 – Municipal workers' strike.^[16]
• 1981 – The Sowetan newspaper begins publication.
• 1982 – City Press newspaper begins publication.
• 1984 – 11 Diagonal Street built.
• 1985
  • Mormon Temple dedicated.
  • Population: 1,773,000 (urban agglomeration).^[17]
• 1987 - Water Institute of Southern Africa headquartered in city.^[18]
• 1989
  • Soccer City stadium opens.
  • Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation established.^[18]
• 1990 - Population: 1,898,000 (urban agglomeration).^[17]
• 1992
  • Johannesburg Stadium opens.
  • Centre for Policy Studies headquartered in Johannesburg.^[18][19]
• 1994
  • 28 March: Shooting at Shell House.^[20]
  • City becomes seat of Gauteng province.
  • South African School of Motion Picture Medium and Live Performance established.
• 1995
  • Gallagher Convention Centre opens.
  • Centre for Development and Enterprise headquartered in Johannesburg.^[21]
• 1996 – Population: 752,349.^[22]
• 1997
  • MTN Sundrome opens.
  • Flag of Johannesburg revised design adopted.
• 1999 – September: 1999 All-Africa Games held.

21st century

• 2000
  • City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality and Johannesburg City Parks created.
  • Stoned Cherrie in business.^[23]
  • Population: 2,732,000 (urban agglomeration).^[17]
• 2001
  • Amos Masondo becomes mayor.^[24]
  • Monash University, South Africa campus established.
  • Population: 3,226,055.^[25]
• 2002
  • Soweto becomes part of city.
  • City hosts Earth Summit 2002.
• 2003 – Nelson Mandela Bridge built.
• 2004 – Constitutional Court of South Africa building opens in Constitution Hill.
• 2005
  • University of Johannesburg established.
  • 2 July: Live 8 concert.
  • Population: 3,272,000 (urban agglomeration).^[17]
• 2008 - Google office in business.^[26][27]
• 2010 – 11 July: 2010 FIFA World Cup Final held.
• 2011
  • Parks Tau becomes mayor.^[28]
  • Population: 4,434,827.^[25]
• 2013 - 5 December: Nelson Mandela dies.

See also

• History of Johannesburg
• Mayor of Johannesburg
• City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality
• Years in South Africa

References

Further reading

Published in the 20th century

• A. Samler Brown; G. Gordon Brown, eds. (1906), "Johannesburg", Guide to South Africa (14th ed.), London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company 
• G.-M Van der Waal (1987), From mining camp to metropolis: the buildings of Johannesburg, 1886–1940, Pretoria: C. van Rensburg Publications for the Human Sciences Research Council, ISBN 0868460494 
• Noelle Watson, ed. (1996). "Johannesburg". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Middle East and Africa. UK: Routledge. ISBN 1884964036. 

Published in the 21st century

• Musiker, 2000. A Concise Historical Dictionary of Greater Johannesburg, Francolin Pubs., Cape Town, South Africa.
• Jo Beall et al. (2002), Uniting a Divided City: Governance and Social Exclusion in Johannesburg, Earthscan Publications Ltd., ISBN 9781853839214  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• People Behind the Walls: Insecurity, Identity and Gate Communities in Johannesburg, London: Crisis States Research Centre, 2002 – via International Relations and Security Network 
• Gardner Khumalo et al. (2003), Alternative service delivery arrangements at municipal level in South Africa: Assessing the impact of service delivery and customer satisfaction in Johannesburg, Johannesburg: Centre for Policy Studies  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Lindsay Bremner (2004). Johannesburg: One City, Colliding Worlds. Johannesburg. 
• Owen Crankshaw and Susan Parnell (2004). "Johannesburg". In Josef Gugler. World Cities beyond the West: Globalization, Development, and Inequality. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521830036. 
• "City of Hope, City of Fear: Johannesburg", National Geographic Magazine (Washington DC) 205, 2004 
• Christian M. Rogerson (2004). "Urban tourism and small tourism enterprise development in Johannesburg: The case of township tourism". GeoJournal 60. JSTOR 41147888. 
• Lindsay Bremner (2005). "Remaking Johannesburg". In Stephen Read et al. Future: City. UK: Spon Press. ISBN 0415284503.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Ivor Chipkin (2005). "The Political Stakes of Academic Research: Perspectives on Johannesburg". African Studies Review 48. JSTOR 20065097. 
• Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ed. (2005). "Johannesburg". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 375. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9. 
• S.B. Bekker and Anne Leildé, ed. (2006). Reflections on Identity in Four African Cities. South Africa: African Minds. ISBN 978-1-920051-40-2.  (about Cape Town, Johannesburg, Libreville, Lomé)
• Sarah Nuttall, Achille Mbembe, ed. (2008). Johannesburg: The Elusive Metropolis. Duke University Press. ISBN 0822381214. 
• Martin J. Murray (2008). "The city in fragments: kaleidoscopic Johannesburg after apartheid". In Gyan Prakash and Kevin Michael Kruse. Spaces of the Modern City: Imaginaries, Politics, and Everyday Life. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-13343-3. 
• Abdou Maliq Simone (2012). "People as Infrastructure: Intersecting Fragments in Johannesburg". In Kerstin Pinther et al. Afropolis: City Media Art. Jacana Media. ISBN 978-1-4314-0325-7.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Johannesburg.

• "Johannesburg Timeline 1800–1991". South African History Online. 
• "(Articles related to Johannesburg)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. 
• "(Items related to Johannesburg)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library.