Timeline of Italian unification
The Italian unification Time line is as follows:
- 1849- August 24: Venice fall to Austrian forces that have crushed the rebellion in Venetia and other northern Italian states
- 1850- Garibaldi moves to New York City after the Pope takes control of Pompeii.
- 1852- November 4: Conte Camillo Benso di Cavourto Venetia
- July 11: Napoleon III meets with Franz Joseph (Austria) and backs out of the war. Among other land negotiations, Lombardy will be transferred to Sardinia
- November 10: Treaty of Zurich ends conflict in northern Italy for a time; Sardinia occupies some central Italian states
- December: Tuscany, Parma, Modena, and some other states join the United Provinces of Central Italy, and seek annexation by Sardinia
- 1860- March 20: Sardinia annexes central Italian states by giving Nice and Savoy to the French, now only four states remain in Italy: Austrians in Venetia, the Papal States, the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
- February 18: Victor Emmanuel II assumes title of King of Italy with an Italian parliament under him
- May 6: Garibaldi and about a thousand Italian volunteers leave Genoa, and on
- May 11: land near Marsala on the west coast of Sicily
- May 14: After many victories, Garibaldi names himself dictator of Sicily
- May 27: With British help Garibaldi seizes capital of Palermo
- August 18: Basilicata is the first continental province to declare the fall of Francis II.[1]
- September 2: Garibaldi entered Basilicata through Rotonda, encountering no difficulty. The provincial government raised a "Lucanian brigade", which followed Garibaldi to Naples.[2]
- September 7: After victories throughout Sicily and Italian mainland, Garibaldi is welcomed into Naples.
- October : Victor Emmanuel II leads Sardinian forces through the Papal States south to meet Garibaldi in Naples, Garibaldi hands over his power to Victor Emmanuel II
- 1861
- March 17: Official Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy
- June 6: Camillo di Cavour dies after seeing his life’s work almost fulfilled, with only Venetia, and the Papal States not under Italian control
- 1862
- June: Being frustrated with inaction against the Papal States, Garibaldi sails from Genoa to Palermo to gather volunteers for a Rome expedition
- August 14: Garibaldi sails for Melito on the southern coast of Italy and vows to march to Rome
- August 28: Garibaldi meets government troops at Aspromonte, and is honorably imprisoned, with his army being disbanded, however Garibaldi is soon released
- 1864- September 15: Victor Emmanuel II meets with Napoleon III at the September Convention, Napoleon III agrees to withdraw French troops from the Papal States within 2 years
- 1865- Capital moves from Turin to Florence
- 1866- June 20: Italy enters the Austro-Prussian war against Austria with Prussia promising Venetia if they win
- June 24: Italian forces under Victor Emmanuel II are defeated at Custoza
- July 21: Italian forces under Garibaldi are victorious against Austria at Bezzecca, and move forward into Venetia
- July 26: Prussia signs armistice with Austria
- August 12: Italy ends war with Austria after Prussia signs armistice
- October 12: Emperor Franz Joseph cedes Venetia to Napoleon III for not entering the war, who then cedes it to Italy
- 1867- October: Garibaldi seeks Rome and Papal States but fails, revolutions inside Rome are also suppressed
- 1870- July: With the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war, Napoleon III calls back troops from Rome
- September 10: Victor Emmanuel II sends Count Ponza di San Martino with a letter to the Pope proposing a peaceful entrance of the Italian army into, the Pope rejects the letter and the Count leaves the next day
- September 11: Italian Army slowly advances toward Rome
- September 20: Italian forces enter Rome with some casualties and, after a plebiscite, Rome is annexed by the Kingdom of Italy
- 1871- June: The capital of the Kingdom of Italy is officially moved from Florence to Rome