Timeline of Helsinki
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Helsinki, Finland.
- This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 19th century
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- 1550 - Trading town established by Gustav I of Sweden.
- 1710 - Plague.
- 1727 - Ulrika Eleonora Church built.
- 1743 - Herring fair begins.
- 1748 - Sveaborg fortress construction begins.
19th century
Map of Helsinki, 1837
- 1808
- Suomenlinna fortress surrenders to Russia.
- Fire.
- 1810 - Population: 4,065.[1]
- 1812
- Helsinki becomes capital of Grand Duchy of Finland.
- Esplanadi park opens.
- 1819 - Sinebrychoff Brewery founded.
- 1822 - Government Palace built.
- 1826 - Helsinki Old Church built.
- 1827 - Theatre built.
- 1828 - The Royal Academy of Turku relocates to Helsinki.
- 1829 - Hietaniemi cemetery established.
- 1846 - Finnish Art Society[2] and symphony orchestra[3] founded.
- 1847 - Suometar newspaper begins publication.
- 1848 - Drawing school established.[2]
- 1849 - Helsinki University of Technology founded.
- 1852 - Helsinki Cathedral built.
- 1860 - Population: 22,228.[1]
- 1862 - Helsinki Central railway station opens.
- 1864 - Hufvudstadsbladet newspaper begins publication.
- 1868 - Uspenski Cathedral built.
- 1871 - University of Arts and Design founded.
- 1879 - Alexander Theatre built.
- 1882 - Helsinki Music Institute founded.
- 1886 - Kaivopuisto park established.
- 1887
- Swedish Theatre established.
- Ateneum built.[2]
- 1888 - Kauppahalli built.[4]
- 1889
- Zoo opens.
- Päivälehti newspaper begins publication.
- 1890 - Population: 61,530.[1]
- 1893
- Helsinki harbour rail begins operating.
- Winter garden opens.
- 1894 - Statue of Alexander II of Russia erected in Senate Square.
- 1895 - Demari newspaper begins publication.
- 1897 - Kauppalehti newspaper begins publication.
20th century
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Map of Helsinki, c. 1900s
- 1902 - Finnish National Theatre building constructed.
- 1904
- Governor-General Nikolai Ivanovich Bobrikov assassinated by Eugen Schauman.
- Population: 111,654.[1]
- 1905 - Helsingin Sanomat begins publication.
- 1909 - Seurasaari Open-Air Museum founded.
- 1911
- Helsinki School of Economics founded.
- Domestic Opera founded.
- Helsinki City Museum opens.[5]
- 1912 - Helsinki Stock Exchange founded.
- 1916 - National Museum of Finland opens.
- 1918
- Civil war.
- British submarine flotilla in harbor.
- 1919 - Train station built.[4]
- 1922 - Arthur Castrén becomes mayor.
- 1924 - Natural History Museum of Helsinki established.
- 1926 - Yleisradio begins broadcasting.
- 1931
- Antti Tulenheimo becomes mayor.
- Parliament House built.
- Hotel Torni opens.
- 1932
- Eläintarhan ajot begins.
- Ilta-Sanomat newspaper begins publication.
- 1936 - Lasipalatsi built.
- 1937 - Savoy hotel founded.[4]
- 1938
- Helsinki-Malmi Airport and Stadium open.
- Klaus Kurki hotel established.[6]
- Tennispalatsi built.
- 1939 - Bombing by Soviets.
- 1944
- Bombing by Soviets.
- Eero Rydman becomes mayor.
- 1946 - Lauttasaari becomes part of city.
- 1947 - Helsinki Swimming Stadium built.
- 1950 - Linnanmäki amusement park opens.
- 1951 - Marimekko founded.
- 1952
- Helsinki Airport opens.
- 1952 Summer Olympics held.
- 1956 - Lauri Aho becomes mayor.
- 1957 - Kansan Uutiset newspaper begins publication.
- 1962
- City hosts World Festival of Youth and Students.
- Enzo-Gutzeit building constructed.[4]
- 1965 - International Jean Sibelius Violin Competition begins.
- 1966 - Helsinki Ice Hall opens.
- 1967 - Sibelius Monument unveiled.
- 1968
- Teuvo Aura becomes mayor.
- Helsinki Festival begins.
- 1969 - Temppeliaukio Church consecrated.
- 1971 - Finlandia Hall built.[4]
- 1975
- 1979
- Raimo Ilaskivi becomes mayor.
- Lepakkoluola formed.
- Theatre Academy Helsinki founded.
- 1980
- 1982 - Helsinki Metro begins operating.
- 1989 - Night of the Arts begins.
- 1990 - Finnish National Gallery established.[2]
- 1991 - Kari Rahkamo becomes mayor.
- 1993 - National Defence University established.
- 1995 - Spårakoff pub tram begins operating.
- 1996
- Eva-Riitta Siitonen becomes mayor.
- Helsinki Motor Show begins.
- 1997
- Taloussanomat newspaper begins publication.
- Hartwall Areena opens.
- 1998 - Kiasma museum inaugurated.
21st century
- 2005 - Jussi Pajunen becomes mayor.
- 2007
- 2009
- Helsinki Regional Transport Authority formed.
- Kumpula Garden opens.
- 2010 - Aalto University formed.
- 2011
- Sipoonkorpi National Park established.
- Helsinki Music Centre built.
- Helsinki Region Infoshare launched.[7]
- 2012
- Population: 596,233.
- City designated World Design Capital.
See also
- History of Helsinki
- Politics of Helsinki
- Years in Finland
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Helsingfors", The Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1910, OCLC 14782424
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Finnish National Gallery. "History". Retrieved July 25, 2012.
- ↑ Donna M. Di Grazia, ed. (2013). Nineteenth-Century Choral Music. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-98852-0.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 R.W. Apple Jr. (July 16, 2006). "Helsinki’s Shining Season". New York Times. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
- ↑ City Museum. "Hakasalmi Villa - History of the museum building". City of Helsinki. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
- ↑ Klaus K Hotel. "History". Retrieved July 25, 2012.
- ↑ "How Helsinki mashed up “open data” with regionalism". CitiScope. USA. April 2014.
Further reading
- "Helsingforss", Hand-book for Northern Europe, London: John Murray, 1849
- "Helsingfors", Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland (New ed.), London: John Murray, 1865
- "Helsinki: City With Its Heart in the Country", National Geographic Magazine (Washington DC) 160, 1981
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Helsinki. |
- City Museum. "History of Helsinki". City of Helsinki.
- Europeana. Items related to Helsinki, various dates.
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