Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani

Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani was a short-lived political party formed in 1988 in Tamil Nadu, India. The party was found by veteran Tamil film actor Sivaji Ganesan. Ganesan had a long running relation with many political parties, with his first movie itself being a propaganda movie of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

The party for born after a split in Tamil Nadu Congress party. The split itself was after another party All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam broke into two fragments one led by Janaki Ramachandran and other by J. Jayalalitha. Ganesan and his supporters left the Congress party on differences in opinion on which fragment of AIADMK to ally with in 1989 state elections.

Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani backed Janaki Ramachandran's fragment of the party and lost in all seats its competed for. Ganesan eventually regretted his decision to float his own party and merged the party with Janata Dal.

Sivaji Ganesan

Sivaji Ganesan was one of the foremost stars of Tamil film industry. Born as V. C. Ganesan, he was christened Sivaji by Periyar E. V. Ramasami, who was then leading the Dravidar Kazhagam and the Self-respect movement, in the 1940s.[1] He debuted in the Tamil movie Parasakthi in 1952, a movie which heavily contained elements of Dravidian politics.[2] Although Ganesan was a founder member of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam he found that atheistic outlook of the party to cost him his movie fame.[3] He was also frustrated with importance given to M. G. Ramachandran, another movie star, in the party.[3] But yet he stayed on in the party until his visit to Tirumala Venkateswara Temple became a center of controversy within the DMK.[3] Responding to the controversy Ganesan called the DMK "a glamour party"[4] and moved to Tamil National Party.[3] The Tamil National Party was itself formed by former members of DMK such as E. V. K. Sampath[5] and Kannadasan.[6] Later Ganesan joined the Indian National Congress when Tamil National Party was merged with it.[7]

Birth of Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani

M. G. Ramachandran had been heading the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) as its founding leader after his feud with M. Karunanidhi in 1972.[8] He had been the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu since 1977 until his death in 1987.[3] Soon after his death the party broke into two, one headed by his wife Janaki Ramachandran and other by another Tamil movie star J. Jayalalitha.[9] Election Commission of India refused to accept either of them as the original AIADMK.[9] Tamil Nadu Congress decided to ally with Jayalalitha's fragment of AIADMK.[10] This move was opposed by Sivaji Ganesan and hence he left the party along with his supporters to form the new party Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani[10] on 10 February 1988.[11] To popularise the party Ganesan produce a movie titled En Thamizh En Makkal (My Tamil language and my people).[12] At the time the party was created it was considered to be pro-Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.[13] The party opposed the presence of Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka stating that the force was trying to wipe out the LTTE and its leader V. Prabhakaran.[14] The party also urged the Government of India to hold talks with the LTTE without any pre- condition.[14]

Merger with Janata Dal

The party lost every seat it contested for in the 1989 elections. Sivaji himself lost at Thiruvayaru constituency to Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate by a margin of 10,643 votes.[11] Soon after the election he dissolved the party and asked his party cadres to join Janata Dal[15] which he himself did after an invitation from V. P. Singh.[11] Later in his life Sivaji Ganesan regretted to have ever floated his own party and reportedly said

“ Many of the people with me were professional politicians. They had to remain in politics necessarily to make a living. I was compelled to start a party for their sake, although I did not require it.[11] ”

On other occasion he added:

“ The votes that I secured came from people of another party. It is true that I was defeated. This was a big disappointment and a very difficult situation that I faced. What could one do? When we take wrong decisions, we have to face disappointments.[11] ”

See also

References

  1. ↑ Viswanathan, S (2001-08-17). "Tamil cinema's lodestar". Frontline. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  2. ↑ Devdas, Vijay (2006). "Rethinking Transnational Cinema: The Case of Tamil Cinema". Scenes of Cinema. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Hardgrave, Jr, Robert L (March 1973). "Politics and the Film in Tamilnadu: The Stars and the DMK". Asian Survey (JSTOR) 13 (3): 288–305. doi:10.1525/as.1973.13.3.01p0314o.
  4. ↑ Hardgrave, Jr, Robert L. (1964). "The DMK and the Politics of Tamil Nationalism". Pacific Affairs (JSTOR) 37 (4): 396–411. doi:10.2307/2755132. JSTOR 2755132.
  5. ↑ Hardgrave, Robert. L (1979). Essays in the Political Sociology of South India. Usha, 1979 (Originally published by University of Michigan. p. 70. ISBN 978-81-7304-052-8.
  6. ↑ Sampath, Iniyan. "Famil background". Retrieved 2008-01-21.
  7. ↑ "Sivaji Ganesan". Upperstall. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  8. ↑ Prasad, M Madhava (1999). "Cine-Politics: On the Political Significance of Cinema in South India". Journal of Moving Image. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Thakurta, Paranjoy Guha; Shankar Raghuraman (2004). A Time of Coalitions. SAGE. pp. 235–236. ISBN 0-7619-3237-2.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Subramaniamn, TS (2004-07-30). "Celluloid connections". Frontline. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Kantha, Sachi Sri (2008-11-09). "Book Review: Autobiography of Actor-Politician Sivaji Ganesan". Sangam. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  12. ↑ Kumar, Ashok (2006-04-05). "From MGR to Vijaykant, the film-politics nexus continues". The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  13. ↑ "Shivaji Ganesan Biography". Love India. Retrieved 2009-02-21.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Jain Commission Interim Report: Growth of Sri Lankan Tamil Militancy in Tamil Nadu. Chapter I - Phase II (1987-1988)". on Tamil Nation website. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  15. ↑ Ramachandran, K (2001-07-22). "He strode Kollywood like a colossus". The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-01-21.