Tetrameles nudiflora
| Tetrameles nudiflora | |
|---|---|
 | |
| The famous tree growing in the Ta Prohm temple ruins in Cambodia is Tetrameles nudiflora | |
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Cucurbitales |
| Family: | Tetramelaceae |
| Genus: | Tetrameles |
| Species: | T. nudiflora |
| Binomial name | |
| Tetrameles nudiflora R.Br. | |
Tetrameles nudiflora is a species of plant in the family Tetramelaceae. It is a large deciduous tree found across southern Asia from India through southeast Asia, Malesia and into northern Australia. It is called chundul (চুন্দুল) in Bengali and diya labu (දිය ලබු) in Sinhala.
Taxonomy
Robert Brown described Tetrameles nudiflora in 1844, from material collected in Java.[1] Its species name is derived from the Ancient Greek tetra "four" and melos "part", and refers to the flower having four sepals. The species name is from the Latin nudiflora "bare flowers".[2] It is the only species in its genus Tetrameles.[3] It and Octomeles sumatrana are the only two species in the family Tetramelaceae. They were previously classified in the Datiscaceae but found genetically to not form a natural clade with the other members of that family.[4]
Description
Tetrameles nudiflora grows as a large tree to 20 m (70 ft) high with a spread of 10 m (35 ft).[2] The trunk is buttressed,[3] and the bark is shiny brown. The tree often contains large hollows in the trunk or branches. It is deciduous, bare of leaves between October and December in Australia.[1]
Many specimens have grown to immense proportions of height and width; In Vietnam, a number of fine specimens are shown to visitors in Cat Tien National Park - one within walking distance of the park headquarters.
Distribution and habitat
Tetrameles nudiflora is found from India and Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, China, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, and into the Cape York Peninsula in north Queensland (Australia).[3]
- In India, these trees can be found in particularly large numbers in The Thattekad Bird Sanctuary, Kerala.
Uses and cultivation
Its large size means that Tetrameles nudiflora is suited to parks and large spaces rather than private gardens.[2] In Myanmar, an old, around 200-foot-tall one can be found in Yangon, at the University of Yangon campus.
Despite its timber being soft, it is used in New Guinea to make canoes.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hyland, B. P. M.; Whiffin, T.; Zich, F. A. et al. (Dec 2010). "Factsheet – Tetrameles nudiflora". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants. Edition 6.1, online version [RFK 6.1]. Cairns, Australia: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), through its Division of Plant Industry; the Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research; the Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Elliot, Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (2010). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation: Volume 9 – Sp-Z. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. p. 224. ISBN 978-0-7344-0974-4.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Tetrameles". Flora of China.
- ↑ "Phylogenetic relationships in the order Cucurbitales and a new classification of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae)". Taxon 60 (1): 122–38. 2011.
Further reading
- World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Tetrameles nudiflora. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 23 August 2007.
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