Temperature in Canada
Averages
The average maximum/minimum temperatures of Canada of various cities across Canada, based on the climate period from 1981-2010 for the months of January and July (generally the lowest/highest average temperature months, but not in all cases).
The major Canadian city that falls outside the continental climate schema is Vancouver, which experiences an oceanic climate with a marked summer dry season. Of the eight largest Canadian cities, Ottawa, Montreal and Toronto have the warmest summers, Winnipeg the coldest winters, with Vancouver's winters are far milder than any other large city in Canada.
Central and north Canada experiences subarctic and arctic climates, much of them arid. Those areas are not heavily populated due to the severe climate, where it does exceed -20° C on most winter days and has a very brief summer season.
The table can be reordered by clicking on the box in each column.
| City | January (Avg. High °C) |
January (Avg. Low °C) |
July (Avg. High °C) |
July (Avg. Low °C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winnipeg, MB | −11.9 | −21.4 | 25.9 | 13.5 |
| Saskatoon, SK | −10.1 | −20.7 | 25.3 | 11.6 |
| Regina, SK | −9.3 | −20.1 | 25.8 | 11.9 |
| Quebec City, QC | −7.9 | −17.7 | 25.0 | 13.5 |
| Edmonton, AB | −6.3 | −17.7 | 23.1 | 12.3 |
| Ottawa, ON | −5.8 | −14.4 | 26.6 | 15.7 |
| Calgary, AB | −0.9 | −13.2 | 23.2 | 9.8 |
| Montreal, QC | −5.3 | −14.0 | 26.3 | 16.1 |
| Halifax, NS | −0.1 | −8.2 | 23.1 | 15.1 |
| St. John's, NL | −0.8 | −8.2 | 20.7 | 10.9 |
| Toronto, ON | −0.7 | −6.8 | 26.6 | 18.0 |
| Windsor, ON | −0.3 | −7.3 | 28.1 | 17.9 |
| Vancouver, BC | 6.8 | 1.3 | 22.1 | 13.7 |
| Kamloops, BC | 0.4 | −5.9 | 28.9 | 14.2 |
| Yellowknife, NT | −21.6 | −29.5 | 21.3 | 12.6 |
| Iqaluit, NU | −22.8 | −30.9 | 12.3 | 4.1 |
| Moncton, NB | −3.7 | −14.0 | 24.7 | 12.9 |
| Charlottetown, PEI | −3.4 | −12.1 | 23.3 | 14.1 |
| Whitehorse, YT | −11.0 | −19.2 | 20.6 | 8.0 |
Extremes
The table can be reordered by clicking on the box in each column.
| City | January (Record High °C) |
January (Record Low °C) |
July (Record High °C) |
July (Record Low °C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winnipeg, MB | 7.8 | −42.2 | 37.8 | 1.1 |
| Saskatoon, SK | 10 | −48.9 | 40 | -0.6 |
| Regina, SK | 10.4 | −50 | 43.3 | -2.2 |
| Quebec City, QC | 10 | −35.4 | 35.6 | 3.9 |
| Edmonton, AB | 9.9 | −48.3 | 35 | -1 |
| Ottawa, ON | 12.9 | −35.6 | 36.7 | 5 |
| Calgary, AB | 17.6 | −44.4 | 36.1 | -0.6 |
| Montreal, QC | 13.9 | −37.8 | 35.6 | 6.1 |
| Halifax, NS | 14.8 | −28.5 | 33.9 | 6.1 |
| St. John's, NL | 15.7 | −23.3 | 31.5 | -1.1 |
| Toronto, ON | 17.6 | −31.3 | 37.6 | 3.9 |
| Windsor, ON | 17.8 | −29.1 | 38.3 | 5.6 |
| Vancouver, BC | 15.3 | -17.8 | 34.4 | 6.7 |
| Kamloops, BC | 15.9 | -37.2 | 40.7 | 3.3 |
| Yellowknife, NT | 3.4 | −51.2 | 32.5 | 0.6 |
| Iqaluit, NU | 3.9 | −45 | 26.1 | -2.8 |
| Moncton, NB | 16.1 | −32.2 | 35.6 | 1.2 |
| Charlottetown, PEI | 15.1 | −30.5 | 33.9 | 3.3 |
| Whitehorse, YT | 9.3 | −52.2 | 32.8 | -0.5 |
References
- Bailey, William G; Oke, TR; Rouse, Wayne R (1997). The surface climates of Canada. McGill−Queen's University Press. ISBN 0-7735-1672-7.
- Bernstein, Steven; Steven F. Bernstein (2008), A globally integrated climate policy for Canada, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 978-0-8020-9878-8
- Coward, Harold G; , Andrew John Weaver, (2007), Hard choices: climate change in Canada, Wilfrid Laurier University Press, ISBN 0-88920-442-X
- French, Hugh M; Olav Slaymaker (1993), Canada's Cold Environments, McGill−Queen's University Press, ISBN 0-7735-0925-9
- Jaccard, Mark; Jeffrey Simpson, Nic Rivers (2008), Hot Air: Meeting Canada's Climate Change Challenge, Emblem/McClelland & Stewart, ISBN 9780771080975
- Smit, Barry; Shirley Ellen Wall, Johanna Wandel (2007), Farming in a changing climate: agricultural adaptation in Canada, UBC Press, ISBN 978-0-7748-1393-8
External links
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