Tanwir al-Miqbas
Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas (Arabic: تنوير المقباس من تفسير بن عباس) is one of the most prominent Sunni Tafsir, attributed to Abd-Allah ibn Abbas and hence called "Tafsir Ibn Abbas".[1] It was collected by Abu Tahir Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Fayruz Aabadi (1329–1414).[2] Recent evidence show that Tanwir al-Miqbas is a concise version made by al-Dinawari of Ibn al-Kalbi's Tafsir.
Tanwir al-Miqbas is not to be confused with the other "Tafsir Ibn Abbas", published by Darul Fikr in Beirut, Lebanon. That version's chain of narration is considered more authentic since it goes back to the companion Ali ibn Abi Talha. The cover for the Darul Fikr edition is seen here: Media:tafsiribnabbas.jpg
Authenticity
The tafsir is considered weak and unreliable by Muslim Scholars [3]
In the opening of the translation of Tanwir al-Miqbas it is written:
"There is no doubt that this commentary is not the work of Ibn 'Abbas. The chain of transmitters of this commentary goes back to Muhammad Ibn Marwan > al-Kalbi > Abu Salih which is described by Hadith experts as the chain of lies (silsilat al-kadhib), for this line of transmission is utterly dubious and unreliable. One does not even need to use the criteria of reliable transmission applied by Hadith experts to decide this commentary's wrong attribution to Ibn 'Abbas. It is easy to detect obvious anomalies in the text of Tanwir al-Miqbas which leave one with no doubt that whoever wrote it lived many centuries after Ibn 'Abbas." [4]
In Usool At-Tafseer by Bilal Philips it is written:
Tafseer Ibn ‘Abbaas, Tanweer al-Miqbaas min Tafseer Ibn ‘Abbaas "This tafseer was compiled by Muhammad ibn Ya‘qoob al-Fayroozaabaadee (d. 1414 CE/817 AH), who was a Shaafi‘ee scholar and author of the famous Arabic dictionary, al-Qaamoos al-Muheet. The vast majority of this tafseer consists of explanatory statements attributed to the great sahaabee and mufassir, Ibn ‘Abbaas. The author mentions the chains of narrators for each section of tafseer. Hence, this tafseer is considered as being among the tafseers birriwaayah. However, chains of narration attributed to Ibn ‘Abbaas vary in their level of authenticity, depending upon the reliability of the narrators themselves. Chains from Mu‘aawiyah ibn Saalih and Qays ibn Muslim al-Koofee are considered saheeh (highly authentic) and those from Ibn Is-haaq (the historian) are considered hasan (authentic); while those from Ismaa‘eel ibn ‘Abdur- Rahmaan as-Suddee al-Kabeer and ‘Abdul Maalik ibn Jurayj are doubtful. Those from ad-Dahhaak ibn Mazaahim al-Hilaalee, ‘Ateeyah al-‘Awfee, Muqaatil ibn Sulaymaan al-Azdee, and Muhammad ibn as-Saa’ib al-Kalabee, who was accused of fabricating hadeeths, are all da‘eef (unacceptable). Nearly all of the so-called “Tafseer of Ibn ‘Abbaas” is based on statements narrated in chains containing Muhammad ibn as-Saa’ib al-Kalabee. Hence, this tafseer is considered unreliable for the most part; and, despite its popularity among the masses, it is totally rejected by Muslim scholars." [5]
In a fatwa by Islamweb it says:
"Some scholars have contested attributing the Tafseer in question to the well-known linguist Al-Fayrooz Abaadi, the author of Al-Qaamoos (a famous Arabic language dictionary). It was mentioned that a copy of it was found before Al-Fayrooz Abaadi.
Moreover, it is not correct to attribute all what is mentioned in that book to Ibn ‘Abbaas for all what is reported from Ibn ‘Abbaas in that book is mainly reported from Muhammad ibn Marwaan As-Suddi As-Sagheer from Muhammad ibn As-Saa'ib Al-Kalbi from Abi Saalih from Ibn ‘Abbaas . Such Isnaad (i.e. chain of narrators) is one of the weakest chains of narrators from Ibn ‘Abbaas to the extent that As-Suyooti described that chain of narrators as "the chain of telling lies."
Muhammad Husayn Ath-Thahabi has talked about that book. Amongst his words about it: "It is sufficient for us commenting on that is what was reported from the route of Ibn ‘Abd Al-Hakam who said, 'I have heard Ash-Shaafi‘i say, 'Nothing was authentically reported from Ibn ‘Abbaas regarding Tafseer except about one hundred Ahaadeeth.' This narration, if Ash-Shaafi‘i really said it, indicates the extent of how daring the fabricators were to invent such a huge amount of Tafseer that was attributed to Ibn ‘Abbaas. Nothing can prove that better than the apparent contradictions between narrations in that Tafseer attributed to Ibn ‘Abbaas and reported from him." [6]
References
- ↑ Ibn 'Abbas
- ↑ Manna' al-Qattan, Mabahith fi Ulum al-Quran, Maktaba al-Ma'arif, p. 371
- ↑ http://www.quran-errors.com/the-authenticity-of-tanwir-al-miqbas-min-tafsir-ibn-abbas.html
- ↑ http://www.quran-errors.com/the-authenticity-of-tanwir-al-miqbas-min-tafsir-ibn-abbas.html - Guezzou, Mokrane 2007. Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas. Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute. Amman, Jordan. Page v. http://altafsir.com/Books/IbnAbbas.pdf
- ↑ http://www.quran-errors.com/the-authenticity-of-tanwir-al-miqbas-min-tafsir-ibn-abbas.html - Usool At-Tafseer, Bilal Philips, Page 39. See Mabaahith fee 'Uloom al-Qur'an, pp.360-362 and at-Tafseer wa al-Mufassiroon, pp.81-83.
- ↑ http://www.quran-errors.com/the-authenticity-of-tanwir-al-miqbas-min-tafsir-ibn-abbas.html - Islamweb Fatwa : http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=195943
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