Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China

This article is about the PRC's claimed province which it does not control. For the administrative division of the Republic of China, see Taiwan Province. For the meaning and use of the term "Taiwan, China", see Taiwan, China.
Taiwan Province
People's Republic of China (claimed)
台湾省
Province
Name transcription(s)
 • Chinese 台湾省 (Táiwān shěng)
 • Abbreviation 台 (pinyin: Tái)
 • Min Nan Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân-séng
 • Hakka Romanization Thòi-vàn-sén
Map showing the location of Taiwan ProvincePeople's Republic of China (claimed)
Map showing the location of Taiwan Province
People's Republic of China (claimed)
Coordinates: 23°42′N 121°00′E / 23.7°N 121.0°ECoordinates: 23°42′N 121°00′E / 23.7°N 121.0°E
Named for See Taiwan
Capital
(and largest city)		 Taipei
Divisions 2 prefectures, 21 counties, — townships
Government
 • Secretary See Representation
 • Governor See Representation
Area
 • Total 35,581 km2 (13,738 sq mi)
Area rank n/a
Population (2010)
 • Total 23,140,000[1]
 • Rank n/a
 • Density rank n/a
Demographics
 • Ethnic composition Han - 98%
Gaoshan (Taiwanese aborigines) - 2%
ISO 3166 code CN-71
GDP (2009) CNY —
US$735.997 billion (4)
 - per capita CNY —
US$16,391 (1)
HDI (n/a) n/a (n/a) (—)
Website http://www.gwytb.gov.cn

Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China (simplified Chinese: 台湾省; traditional Chinese: 臺灣省 or 台灣省; pinyin: Táiwān shěng) is a disputed territory claimed by the People's Republic of China as one of its provinces under its constitution. The People's Republic of China has never had actual control of the territory. Instead, it has been governed by the Republic of China (ROC, now commonly known as Taiwan) since the end of the Chinese Civil War and the foundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949.

Despite Taiwan's de jure status as a province, the PRC has no provincial government or provincial governor for Taiwan. In practice, the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China takes its place. The ROC Government, which actually controls Taiwan Province, is frequently referred to as the "Taiwan authorities".[2] However, the PRC does not recognize them as the government of Taiwan Province or as having any other official status.

The political status of Taiwan is complex. The People's Republic of China considers itself the successor state of the pre-1949 Republic of China and the sole legitimate authority of China since its founding on 1 October 1949, and regards Taiwan as a part of an "indivisible China". The Republic of China government disputes this. The Republic of China is currently recognized by 22 countries,[3] and it is no longer a member of the United Nations or its suborganizations from 1971.[4] However, most countries retain unofficial relations with Taiwan.

Geography

Taiwan Province, according to the law of the People's Republic of China (PRC), covers the same territory that was first proclaimed to be “Taiwan Province” in 1885, during the Qing dynasty.[5] This includes the entire island of Taiwan and its surrounding islets, including the Penghu islands.[6] This is in contrast with the Republic of China, which has excluded several direct-controlled municipalities on the island of Taiwan from its Taiwan Province.

Taiwan Province of the PRC, like Taiwan Province of the Republic of China, does not include all the landmasses under the Republic of China's administration. The islands of Kinmen and Wuqiu, and the Matsu Islands, are claimed as part of Fujian Province; the Pratas Islands are claimed as part of Guangdong Province, and Taiping Island is claimed as part of Hainan province.

Representation in PRC

Part of a series on the
History of Taiwan
Chronological
Prehistory to 1624
Dutch Formosa 1624–1662
Spanish Formosa 1626–1642
Kingdom of Tungning 1662–1683
Qing rule 1683–1895
Republic of Formosa 1895
Japanese rule 1895–1945
Republic of China rule since 1945
Topical
Local
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Taiwan portal

Although Taiwan Province is not under PRC control, thirteen delegates are elected to represent Taiwan Province to the National People's Congress.

The election of these delegates for Taiwan Province is done in accordance with the Decision (from time to time made) of the relevant Session of relevant National People's Congress of the PRC on the number of deputies to the National People's Congress and the election of the deputies.[7] For example, in 2002 that Decision was as follows:[8]

"For the time being, 13 deputies representing Taiwan Province shall be elected from among people of Taiwan origin in the other provinces, the autonomous regions, and the municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the Chinese People's Liberation Army."

Having regard to the relevant Decision, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress adopts a "Plan for the Consultative Election of Deputies of Taiwan Province to the National People's Congress". The Plan typically provides that "the deputies will be elected in Beijing through consultation from among representatives sent by Taiwan compatriots in these provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government and in the Chinese People's Liberation Army."[9]

In the case of the 2002 election, the Standing Committee noted that there were more than 36,000 Taiwan compatriots in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the central Party, government and army institutions. It was decided that 122 representatives would participate in the conference for election through consultation. The number of representatives was allocated on the basis of the geographic distribution of Taiwan compatriots on the mainland and the standing committees of the people's congresses of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government were responsible for making arrangements for the election of the representatives through consultation. The Standing Committee's Plan also provided that the election should be "conducted in a democratic manner".[10]

Names used for Taiwanese officials

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Since the PRC does not consider Taiwan, or the Republic of China, to be a sovereign state, all PRC government or media references to Republic of China offices or institutions replace their name by a special neutral name which implies Taiwan is not an independent state. The precise replacements used are not officially designated (as they are for the Hong Kong SAR), therefore, the politically-designated names for Taiwan have small variations across different source from within the PRC.

For some cases, where the name does not significantly imply sovereignty, the name remains the same, such as for the Mainland Affairs Council[11][12] and Mayor.[13]

Officials

Offices

Institutions

See also

Further reading

References

  1. ↑ 中華民國統計資訊網（專業人士） (Note that the figure for Taiwan Province (including Taipei and Kaohsiung municipalities) is obtained by subtracting the Taiwanese national population by the Fujian, ROC provincial population.)
  2. ↑ The PRC Government website contains numerous references to "Taiwan authorities".
  3. ↑ http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2011/11/17-taiwan-international-status-winkler
  4. ↑ http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2012/06/20-taiwan-un-winkler
  5. ↑ Britannica encyclopaedia confirms Taiwan Province was proclaimed in 1886
  6. ↑ "The Political Geography of Taiwan" (available on the National Taiwan Normal University website which confirms that until 1886 Taiwan and Penghu were prefectures under the control of Fukien province].
  7. ↑ Plan for the Consultative Election of Deputies of Taiwan Province to the Tenth National People's Congress, 2002 (Government of the PRC website)
  8. ↑ Plan for the Consultative Election of Deputies of Taiwan Province to the Tenth National People's Congress, 2002 (Government of the PRC website)
  9. ↑ Plan for the Consultative Election of Deputies of Taiwan Province to the Tenth National People's Congress, 2002 (Government of the PRC website)
  10. ↑ Plan for the Consultative Election of Deputies of Taiwan Province to the Tenth National People's Congress, 2002 (Government of the PRC website)
  11. ↑ http://www.shanghaidaily.com/article/article_xinhua.aspx?id=238540
  12. ↑ http://english.cntv.cn/2014/06/25/ARTI1403705042941473.shtml
  13. ↑ http://www.gwytb.gov.cn/en/Headline/201406/t20140630_6428050.htm
  14. ↑ http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90785/8334829.html
  15. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-09/14/c_133642298.htm
  16. ↑ http://english.cntv.cn/2014/08/01/VIDE1406866685096383.shtml
  17. ↑ http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/850006.shtml
  18. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-05/10/c_132373536.htm
  19. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-10/22/c_133734702.htm
  20. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-06/25/c_133437494.htm
  21. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-02/01/c_132143731.htm
  22. ↑ http://english.gov.cn/official/2005-07/27/content_17613.htm
  23. ↑ http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90882/8522221.html
  24. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-02/01/c_132143731.htm
  25. ↑ http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/xinhua/2013-10-14/content_10323239.html
  26. ↑ http://www.gwytb.gov.cn/en/Headline/201103/t20110316_1787949.htm
  27. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-10/22/c_133734702.htm
  28. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-02/01/c_132143731.htm
  29. ↑ http://english.cntv.cn/20130911/101573.shtml
  30. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-02/01/c_132143731.htm
  31. ↑ http://www.gwytb.gov.cn/en/Headline/201408/t20140811_6925281.htm
  32. ↑ http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-06/15/c_126621970.htm

External links