TXNRD1

Thioredoxin reductase 1
PDB rendering based on 1h6v.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1W1C, 2CFY, 2J3N, 2ZZ0, 2ZZB, 2ZZC, 3QFA, 3QFB
Identifiers
Symbols	TXNRD1 ; GRIM-12; TR; TR1; TRXR1; TXNR
External IDs	OMIM: 601112 MGI: 1354175 HomoloGene: 55733 ChEMBL: 1927 GeneCards: TXNRD1 Gene
EC number	1.8.1.9
Gene ontology Molecular function • thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity • protein binding • electron carrier activity • protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding • NADP binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleolus • mitochondrion • cytosol Biological process • mesoderm formation • signal transduction • cell proliferation • nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion • cellular lipid metabolic process • small molecule metabolic process • cell redox homeostasis • nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process • oxidation-reduction process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	7296	50493
Ensembl	ENSG00000198431	ENSMUSG00000020250
UniProt	Q16881	Q9JMH6
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001093771	NM_001042513
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001087240	NP_001035978
Location (UCSC)	Chr 12: 104.61 – 104.74 Mb	Chr 10: 82.86 – 82.9 Mb
PubMed search

Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TXNRD1 gene.^[1]

This gene encodes a member of the family of pyridine nucleotide oxidoreductases. This protein reduces thioredoxins as well as other substrates, and plays a role in selenium metabolism and protection against oxidative stress. The functional enzyme is thought to be a homodimer which uses FAD as a cofactor. Each subunit contains a selenocysteine (Sec) residue which is required for catalytic activity. The selenocysteine is encoded by the UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTR of selenocysteine-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the sec insertion sequence (SECIS), that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding the same or different isoforms.^[2]

See also

• Thioredoxin reductase

References

PDB gallery 1h6v: MAMMALIAN THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE  2cfy: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE 1

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.