Stuart Parkin

Stuart Parkin

Parkin in 2009, receiving the Dresden Barkhausen Award.
Born Stuart Stephen Papworth Parkin
1955 (age 59–60)
Watford, England
Nationality British
Fields Material Sciences
Institutions Stanford University
IBM Research
University of Halle-Wittenberg
Alma mater Trinity College, Cambridge
Known for Discoveries on spintronic materials, that allowed a 1000-fold increase in hard disk data density
Notable awards Europhysics Prize (1997)
Humboldt Research Award (2004)
Dresden Barkhausen Award (2009)
David Adler Lectureship Award (2012)
Millennium Technology Prize (2014)

Stuart Stephen Papworth Parkin (b. 1955[1]) is an experimental physicist, IBM Fellow and manager of the magnetoelectronics group at the IBM Almaden Research Center in San Jose, California. He is also a consulting professor in the Department of Applied Physics at Stanford University and director of the IBM-Stanford Spintronic Science and Applications Center, which was formed in 2004.[2]

He is a pioneer in the science and application of spintronic materials, and has made discoveries into the behavior of thin-film magnetic structures that were critical in enabling recent increases in the data density and capacity of computer hard-disk drives. For these discoveries, he was awarded the 2014 Millennium Technology Prize.[3][4]

Life

A native of Watford, England,[5] Parkin received his B.A. (1977) and was elected a Research Fellow (1979) at Trinity College, Cambridge, England, and was awarded his Ph.D. (1980) at the Cavendish Laboratory, also in Cambridge. He joined IBM in 1982 as a World Trade Post-doctoral Fellow, becoming a permanent member of the staff the following year. In 1999 he was named an IBM Fellow, IBM's highest technical honor.[1]

In 2007 Parkin was named a Distinguished Visiting Professor at the National University of Singapore, a Visiting Chair Professor at the National Taiwan University, and an Honorary Visiting Professor at University College London, The United Kingdom. In 2008, he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.[6] The Materials Research Network Dresden granted him the Dresden Barkhausen Award in 2009.[7] Parkin has been awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Aachen, Germany and the Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.[1]

Work

Building on the work of Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg who identified giant magnetoresistance in oscillatory interlayer coupling in magnetic multilayers, Parkin discovered the same effect in sputter deposited magnetic metallic heterostructures in 1989 - the spin valve - which led to IBM's development of the spin-valve read head, which enabled a more than 1000-fold increase in magnetic hard disk drive data density.

Parkin also proposed using magnetic tunneling junction storage elements to create a high performance magnetic random access memory in 1995.[5] MRAM promises unique attributes of high speed, high density and non-volatility. The development by Parkin in 2001 of giant tunneling magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions using highly textured MgO tunnel barriers has made MRAM even more promising. IBM developed the first MRAM prototype in 1999 and is currently developing a 16 Mbit chip.

Most recently, Parkin has proposed and is working on a novel storage class memory device, The Magnetic Racetrack memory, which could replace both hard disk drives and many forms of conventional solid state memory.[8][9] His research interests also include spin transistors and spin-logic devices that may enable a new generation of low-power electronics.

Parkin's research interests include organic superconductors, high-temperature superconductors, and, most recently, magnetic thin film structures and spintronic materials and devices for advanced sensor, memory, and logic applications. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society, the American Physical Society, the Materials Research Society, the Institute of Physics (London), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Gutenberg Research College (GRC).

Parkin has authored approximately 400 papers and has around 90 issued patents.[8] He is also the Chief Editor of SPIN, one of World Scientific's newest journals, which publishes articles in spin electronics.[10]

Awards

Parkin is the recipient of numerous honors, including the Gutenberg Research Award (2008), a Humboldt Research Award (2004), the 1999–2000 American Institute of Physics Prize for Industrial Applications of Physics,[11] the European Physical Society's Europhysics Prize (1997), the American Physical Society's International New Materials Prize (1994), the MRS Outstanding Young Investigator Award (1991) and the Charles Vernon Boys Prize from the Institute of Physics, London (1991). In 2001, he was named R&D Magazine’s first "Innovator of the Year" and in October 2007 was awarded the The Economist's “No Boundaries” Award for Innovation.

In April 2014, Parkin was awarded the Millennium Technology Prize for his work on spintronic materials, "leading to a prodigious growth in the capacity to store digital information".[3][4]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Alexander von Humboldt Professorship – The Award Winners 2014". Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  2. ↑ IBM-Stanford Spintronic Science and Applications Center
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Physicist Stuart Parkin wins 2014 Millennium Technology Prize for opening big data era". Technology Academy Finland. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Davis, Nicola (April 9, 2014). "Stuart Parkin awarded prestigious Millennium Technology Prize". The Guardian. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Solon, Olivia (April 9, 2014). "Data storage pioneer wins €1m Millennium Technology Prize". Wired.co.uk. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  6. ↑ Election to U.S. National Academy of Sciences
  7. ↑ "List of the Barkhausen Awardees". Materials Research Network Dresden. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Stuart S.P. Parkin". IBM Research. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  9. ↑ "Hard disk pioneer Stuart Parkin wins Millennium Prize". BBC News. April 9, 2014. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ "Stuart Parkin, Chief Editor of SPIN". World Scientific. Retrieved April 24, 2014.
  11. ↑ "Stuart Parkin". American Institute of Physics. Retrieved April 9, 2014.

External links

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Preceded by
Linus Torvalds
Shinya Yamanaka		 Millennium Technology Prize winner
2014 		Succeeded by
TBA 2016