Stevan Šupljikac
| Stevan Šupljikac | |
|---|---|
 Stevan Šupljikac (1786–1848) | |
| Birth name | Stevan Šupljikac |
| Born |
1786 Petrinja, Habsburg Monarchy (modern Croatia) |
| Died |
15 December 1848 (aged 62) Pančevo |
| Buried at | Krušedol |
| Allegiance | |
| Service/branch |
|
| Years of service | fl. 1805–1814 |
| Rank |
|
| Battles/wars | Russian Campaign |
| Awards |
|
Stevan Šupljikac, known simply as Vojvoda Šupljikac (Serbian Cyrillic: Стеван Шупљикац;[lower-alpha 1] 1786 – 15 December 1848;) was a voivode (military commander) and the first Voivode of the Serbian Vojvodina, in 1848.
Life
He was born in Petrinja, in 1786. He had a brother Jovan who was also a fighter,[1] and a sister Anka who later married Gabriel Miletić.[2]
He entered the Austrian army in 1805, subsequently becoming a general. Between 1806 and 1814 he was officer of the Imperial French army. During the Russian Campaign of 1812, he was awarded with the Légion d'honneur. In 1814, he again served as officer in the Austrian army, as a commander of the Ogulin regiment at Banat and Lika. He then was brigade commander under Joseph Radetzky von Radetz, after which he was awarded with the Great Cross of the Iron Crown. In 1848 he took part in the suppression of Italian rebels in the Unification of Italy.
As part of the Revolutions of 1848, the Serbs under Austria-Hungary demanded what they had in the previous century; recognition of Serbian as official language, equality of the Orthodox church as with Catholics, and annual church assembly gatherings.[3] They met at Sremski Karlovci and Novi Sad.[3] Several thousand Serbs met at the May Assembly in Sremski Karlovci on May 1, 1848.[3] The delegates chose Šupljikac as voivode, the civil and military commander.[3] Josif Rajačić was elected the patriarch of the Serbs.[3] The Serbs demanded a national unit consisting of Banat, Backa, Baranja and part of Srem, known collectively as Vojvodina.[3]
During the revolutions, there was much fighting in Vojvodina, in June, Hungarian and Serbian bands began fighting.[3] General Stratimirović, head of the main committee, on May 10, urged Prince Aleksandar for assistance and asked Stevan Knićanin, a commissioner, to intercede.[4] Knićanin was elected military commander.[5] In June and July a large wave of volunteers from the Principality entered Vojvodina, Knićanin arrived at July 25.
Hungarians were not positive to the Serbs at this time, but support came from Vienna – the new emperor Franz Joseph approved the establishment of the Serbian Vojvodina, with Šupljikac as Duke.[3] He became the supreme military commander of the Serbian national troops on October 6. He died on December 15, at Pančevo, he was buried in the Krušedol Monastery.
Aftermath and legacy
| Government offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| First | Duke of Serbian Vojvodina May 1, 1848 – December 15, 1848 |
Succeeded by Josif Rajačić as Commissioner |
| Succeeded by Ferdinand Mayerhofer as Governor of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar | ||
| Military offices | ||
| Vacant Title last held by Vojvoda Dimitrijević |
Commander of Serbian national troops (In Habsburgs) October 5, 1848 – December 15, 1848 |
Succeeded by Unknown |
| Preceded by Unknown |
Commander of Ogulin regiment 1814 |
Succeeded by Unknown |
References
- ↑ His given name is Stevan or Stefan, his surname is Šupljikac. His name in other languages; Anglicized: Stephen Šupljikac, Slovak: Stépán Supljikac.
Sources
- Jovan Mirosavljević, Brevijar ulica Novog Sada 1745–2001, Novi Sad, 2002.
- Barbara Jelavich, History of the Balkans: Eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
- Vojna enciklopedija, Beograd, 1970, Book 1
- Radoš Ljušić, 2008, Ilija Garašanin on Serbia's Statehood
See also
- May Assembly
- Rulers of Vojvodina
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