Sterol-C5-desaturase-like

Sterol-C5-desaturase

Identifiers

SC5D ; ERG3; S5DES; SC5DL

External IDs

OMIM: 602286 MGI: 1353611 HomoloGene: 5044 GeneCards: SC5D Gene

1.14.21.6

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• C-5 sterol desaturase activity • iron ion binding • lathosterol oxidase activity
Cellular component	• endoplasmic reticulum membrane • integral component of membrane
Biological process	• lipid metabolic process • fatty acid biosynthetic process • cholesterol biosynthetic process • cholesterol biosynthetic process via lathosterol • small molecule metabolic process • oxidation-reduction process
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 11:
121.16 – 121.18 Mb

Chr 9:
42.25 – 42.26 Mb

PubMed search

Lathosterol oxidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SC5DL gene.^[1]^[2]

This gene encodes an enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. The encoded protein catalyzes the conversion of lathosterol into 7-dehydrocholesterol. Mutations in this gene have been associated with lathosterolosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described.^[2]

References

↑ Matsushima M, Inazawa J, Takahashi E, Suzumori K, Nakamura Y (Jan 1997). "Molecular cloning and mapping of a human cDNA (SC5DL) encoding a protein homologous to fungal sterol-C5-desaturase". Cytogenet Cell Genet 74 (4): 252–4. doi:10.1159/000134427. PMID 8976377.
↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: SC5DL sterol-C5-desaturase (ERG3 delta-5-desaturase homolog, S. cerevisiae)-like".

Shefer S, Salen G, Batta AK et al. (1995). "Markedly inhibited 7-dehydrocholesterol-delta 7-reductase activity in liver microsomes from Smith-Lemli-Opitz homozygotes.". J. Clin. Invest. 96 (4): 1779–85. doi:10.1172/JCI118223. PMC 185814. PMID 7560069.
Ves-Losada A, Brenner RR (1995). "Fatty acid delta 5 desaturation in rat liver cell nuclei.". Mol. Cell. Biochem. 142 (2): 163–70. doi:10.1007/BF00928937. PMID 7770068.
Takakuwa Y, Nishino H, Ishibe Y, Ishibashi T (1994). "Properties and kinetics of membrane-bound enzymes when both the enzyme and substrate are components of the same microsomal membrane. Studies on lathosterol 5-desaturase.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (45): 27889–93. PMID 7961720.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
Poisson JP, Dupuy RP, Sarda P et al. (1993). "Evidence that liver microsomes of human neonates desaturate essential fatty acids.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1167 (2): 109–13. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(93)90149-4. PMID 8466936.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.". Gene 200 (1-2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
Husselstein T, Schaller H, Gachotte D, Benveniste P (1999). "Delta7-sterol-C5-desaturase: molecular characterization and functional expression of wild-type and mutant alleles.". Plant Mol. Biol. 39 (5): 891–906. doi:10.1023/A:1006113919172. PMID 10344195.
Cho HP, Nakamura M, Clarke SD (2000). "Cloning, expression, and fatty acid regulation of the human delta-5 desaturase.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (52): 37335–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.52.37335. PMID 10601301.
Leonard AE, Kelder B, Bobik EG et al. (2000). "cDNA cloning and characterization of human Delta5-desaturase involved in the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid.". Biochem. J. 347 Pt 3: 719–24. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3470719. PMC 1221008. PMID 10769175.
Nishi S, Nishino H, Ishibashi T (2000). "cDNA cloning of the mammalian sterol C5-desaturase and the expression in yeast mutant.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1490 (1-2): 106–8. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00248-1. PMID 10786622.
Sugawara T, Fujimoto Y, Ishibashi T (2001). "Molecular cloning and structural analysis of human sterol C5 desaturase.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1533 (3): 277–84. doi:10.1016/s1388-1981(01)00160-3. PMID 11731337.
Brunetti-Pierri N, Corso G, Rossi M et al. (2002). "Lathosterolosis, a novel multiple-malformation/mental retardation syndrome due to deficiency of 3beta-hydroxysteroid-delta5-desaturase.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 71 (4): 952–8. doi:10.1086/342668. PMC 378549. PMID 12189593.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Krakowiak PA, Wassif CA, Kratz L et al. (2004). "Lathosterolosis: an inborn error of human and murine cholesterol synthesis due to lathosterol 5-desaturase deficiency.". Hum. Mol. Genet. 12 (13): 1631–41. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddg172. PMID 12812989.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.

Oxidoreductases: CH–CH oxidoreductases (EC 1.3)

1.3.1: NAD/NADP acceptor

1.3.3: Oxygen acceptor

1.3.5: Quinone

Succinate dehydrogenase
- SDHA
- SDHB
- SDHC
- SDHD

1.3.99: Other acceptors

Biochemistry overview
Enzymes overview
By EC number: 1.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 10
- 11
- 13
- 14
- 15-18
2.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
  - 2.7.10
  - 11-12
- 8
3.1
- - 3.1.3.48
- 2
- 3
- 4
  - 3.4.21
  - 22
  - 23
  - 24
- 5
- 6
- 7
4.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
5.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 99
6.1-3
- 4
- 5-6

Metabolism: lipid metabolism – ketones/cholesterol synthesis enzymes/steroid metabolism

Mevalonate pathway

To HMG-CoA	Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase HMG-CoA synthase (regulated step)

Ketogenesis	HMG-CoA lyase 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Thiophorase

To Mevalonic acid	HMG-CoA reductase

To DMAPP	Mevalonate kinase Phosphomevalonate kinase Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase

Geranyl-	Dimethylallyltranstransferase Geranyl pyrophosphate

To cholesterol

To lanosterol	Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase Squalene monooxygenase Lanosterol synthase

7-Dehydrocholesterol path	Lanosterol 14α-demethylase Sterol-C5-desaturase-like 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase

Desmosterol path	24-dehydrocholesterol reductase

To Bile acids

Steroidogenesis

To pregnenolone

Side-chain cleavage

To corticosteroids

aldosterone: 18-hydroxylase

cortisol/cortisone: 17α-hydroxylase
11β dehydrogenase
- HSD11B1
- HSD11B2

To sex hormones

To androgens	17α-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase 3β dehydrogenase 17β dehydrogenase 5α reductase 1 2

To estrogens	Aromatase

Other/ungrouped

Steroid metabolism: sulfatase
- Steroid sulfatase
sulfotransferase
- SULT1A1
- SULT2A1

Index of inborn errors of metabolism

Description	Metabolism Enzymes and pathways: citric acid cycle enzymes pentose phosphate intermediates glycoproteins enzymes glycosaminoglycans proteoglycan enzymes phospholipid metabolism cholesterol and steroid intermediates sphingolipids enzymes eicosanoids enzymes amino acid intermediates urea cycle enzymes nucleotide intermediates

Disorders	Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain Glycoprotein Proteoglycan Fatty-acid Phospholipid Cholesterol and steroid Eicosanoid Amino acid Purine-pyrimidine Heme metabolism Symptoms and signs

Treatment	Drugs other

Index of hormones

Description	Glands Hormones thyroid intermediates metabolism mineralocorticoids Physiology Development

Disease	Diabetes Congenital Neoplasms and cancer Other Symptoms and signs eponymous

Treatment	Procedures Drugs calcium balance corticosteroids oral hypoglycemics pituitary and hypothalamic thyroid

Sterol-C5-desaturase-like

References

Further reading