Sterling Professor

Sterling Professor is the highest academic rank at Yale University, awarded to a tenured faculty member considered one of the best in his or her field. It is akin to the rank of distinguished professor at other universities. The appointment, made by the President of Yale University and confirmed by the Yale Corporation, can be granted to any Yale faculty member, and up to forty professors can hold the title at the same time.[1][2] The position was established through a 1918 bequest from John William Sterling, and the first Sterling Professor was appointed in 1920.

History

John W. Sterling, namesake of the title

The professorships are named for and funded by a $15-million bequest left by John W. Sterling, partner in the New York law firm Shearman & Sterling and an 1864 graduate of Yale College. In addition to financing the university's largest construction projects throughout the 1920s, including the Sterling Memorial Library and flagship facilities for many of its professional schools, Sterling stipulated the bequest would allow "to some extent, the foundation of Scholarships, Fellowships or Lectureships, the endowment of new professorships and the establishment of special funds for prizes."[3][2] Sterling's trustees eventually left the university more than $5 million for this purpose—about $225,000 per chair.[1][4]

The first Sterling Professor was chemist John Johnston, who was awarded the rank in 1920, and was joined later that year by school administrator Frank E. Spaulding, biochemist Lafayette Mendel, and astronomer Ernest William Brown.[1][4] By the mid-1920s, the endowment allowed eighteen Sterling Professors to be appointed.[5] In 1958, the Yale Corporation capped the number of simultaneous appointments at 27,[1] but further endowment growth allowed this number to expand to 40 by 2011.[2] In addition to currently appointed faculty, a number of former Sterling Professors retain emeritus appointments at the university and continue to teach.[2]

The first woman to be named Sterling Professor was cell biologist Marilyn Farquhar, in 1987.[1] After Farquhar left Yale in 1989, Middle English scholar Marie Borroff and geneticist Carolyn Slayman were the next women appointed, in 1991.[1] Among the youngest appointees were John Farquhar Fulton, made Sterling Professor of Physiology in 1929 at age 30,[6] and later-U.S Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, appointed in 1932 at the age of 33.[7] Joan Steitz and Thomas Steitz, biochemists appointed in 1999 and 2001 respectively, are the only married couple to have both held the appointment.

List of Sterling Professors

Current

Name Field Appointed Notability Reference
Bruce Ackerman Law and Political Science 1987 Political philosophy; constitutional law [1]
Akhil Amar Law and Political Science 2008 Constitutional law [8]
Sidney Altman Biology 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry; Dean of Yale College [1]
Harold Attridge Divinity 2012 New Testament scholarship; Dean of Yale Divinity School (2002–2012) [9]
R. Howard Bloch French 2005 [10]
Harold Bloom Humanities 1983 Literary criticism; The Anxiety of Influence; The Western Canon [1]
Michael Donoghue Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 2011 plant evolution; TreeBASE; Director of the Peabody Museum of Natural History (2003–2008) [11]
Richard A. Flavell Immunology 2002 [12]
Roberto González Echevarría Hispanic and Comparative Literature 1995 National Humanities Medal [1][13]
Arthur Horwich Genetics and Pediatrics 2007 Chaperonin action [14]
Marcia Johnson Psychology 2011 Memory research; source-monitoring error and reality monitoring [15]
William L. Jorgensen Chemistry 2009 Computational chemistry [16]
Harold Koh International Law 2003 Dean of Yale Law School; Legal Adviser to Department of State [17]
Anthony Kronman Law 2003 Dean of Yale Law School [18]
John H. Langbein Law and Legal History 2001 Anglo-American and European legal history [19]
Richard P. Lifton Genetics 2002 Genetics of hypertension [20]
Jerry L. Marshaw Law 1995 Administrative law
David Mayhew Political Science 1998 American electoral politics; divided government [1][21]
Giuseppe Mazzotta Italian Language and Literature 2003 [22]
Mary Miller History of Art 2008 Mesoamerican art; Mayan history; Dean of Yale College (2008–2014) [23]
William Nordhaus Economics 2001 Economics of climate change [24]
Peter C. B. Phillips Economics 1989 Highly-cited econometrician; finite-sample theory; time series regression [25]
Thomas Pollard Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology 2006 Dean of the Yale Graduate School of Arts & Sciences [26]
David Quint Comparative Literature 2006 [27]
Joseph Roach Theater 2008 History of theater and dramatic literature [28]
Roberta Romano Law 2011 Corporate law [29][30]
Robert J. Schoelkopf Physics and Applied Physics 2013 Inventor of the single-electron transistor [31]
Alan Schwartz Law 2001
James C. Scott Political Science 2001 Peasant resistance; non-state spaces; infrapolitics; Seeing Like a State [32]
Ian Shapiro Political Science 2005 [33]
Robert Shiller Economics 2013 Real estate and financial markets; market bubbles; 2013 Nobel Prize in Economics [34]
Carolyn Slayman Genetics 1991 [1]
Jonathan Spence History 1993 Historian of China; President of the American Historical Association [1][35]
Dieter Söll Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry 2006 [36]
Joan Steitz Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry 1999 [37]
Thomas Steitz Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry 2001 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry; discovery of ribosome large subunit's atomic structure with Peter Moore [38]
John C. Tully Chemistry 2006 [39]
Sherman Weissman Genetics

Emeritus

Name Field Appointed Notability Reference
Robert Adair Physics 1988 [1][40]
Jerome A. Berson Chemistry 1992 [41]
Marie Borroff English 1991 Middle English translation and criticism [1][42]
Peter Brooks Comparative Literature and French 2001 [43][44]
Guido Calabresi Law 1978 Dean of Yale Law School (1985-1994) [45]
Robert A. Dahl Political Science 1964 Democratic theorist; polyarchy; pluralism; Johan Skytte Prize (1995) [46][47]
David Brion Davis American History 1978 Historian of American slavery; 1967 Pulitzer Prize for History [48]
Mirjan Damaška Law 1996 Scholar of comparative criminal law [49][50]
Peter Demetz Germanic Language and Literature President of the Modern Language Association [51]
Owen M. Fiss Law Legal theorist [52]
Geoffrey Hartman English and Comparative Literature Literary criticism; deconstructionism
Peter Gay History 1984 Western cultural history; life of Sigmund Freud [53]
Gerhard Giebisch Cellular and Molecular Physiology 1970 Renal transport physiology [1][54]
Donald Kagan Classics and History 2002 Historian of the Peloponnesian War, Dean of Yale College [55]
Howard Lamar History 1994 Historian of the American frontier [1][56]
Charles E. Lindblom Political Science and Economics Critique of polyarchy; Incrementalism; The Science of "Muddling Through" [57]
Peter Moore Chemistry 2002 Discovery of ribosome large subunit's atomic structure with Thomas Steitz [58]
Annabel Patterson English 2001 [59]
Jerome J. Pollitt Classical Archeology and History 1995 Hellenistic architecture and sculpture [60]
Herbert Scarf Economics 1979 [61]
Robert G. Shulman Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry 1994 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance techniques in biochemistry [62][63]
Vincent Scully History of Art 1983 [64]
Edward Zigler Psychology 1976 Child psychologist; architect of Head Start Program [1][65]

Left

Name Field Appointed Notability Reference
Nancy Cott History and American Studies 2001 Historian of marriage, gender, and sexuality [66]
Samuel J. Danishefsky Chemistry 1989 [67]
Marilyn Farquhar Medicine 1987 [1][68]
Ira Mellman Cell Biology 2002 Discovery of endosomes [69]
Samuel O. Their Medicine 1975 Effects of health policy on academic institutions

Deceased

Name Field Appointed Notability Reference
Erich Auerbach Romance Philology 1956 Literary critic; Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature [70]
E. Wight Bakke Economics 1940 Economic sociologist of labor and unemployment [71]
Frank A. Beach Psychology 1952 Ethologist; Patterns of Sexual Behavior [72]
Samuel Flagg Bemis Diplomatic History and International Relations 1945 Historian of United States diplomacy; 1927 Pulitzer Prize for History; 1950 Pulitzer Prize for Biography [73]
Thomas G. Bergin Romance Languages and Literature 1957 Scholar of Italian literature and Dante Aleghieri [74]
Alexander Bickel Law 1974 US Supreme Court historian and scholar of judicial restraint [75]
Boris Bittker Law 1970 Scholar of tax law; proponent of black reparations [76][77]
Charles Black Law 1975 [78]
Francis Gilman Blake Medicine 1927 Dean of the Yale School of Medicine [79][80]
Brand Blanshard Philosophy 1945 [81]
Leonard Bloomfield Linguistics 1940 Bloomfieldean linguistics [82]
Edwin Borchard International Law 1929 Scholar of wrongful conviction
David Allan Bromley Sciences 1994 Nuclear physicist; Science Adviser to George H.W. Bush; Dean of Engineering (1994-2000) [83]
C. F. Tucker Brooke English 1949 Scholar of Elizabethan dramatic literature and Shakespeare Apocrypha; Founder of The Yale Shakespeare [84]
Ernest William Brown Mathematics 1921 Lunar theory [4][85]
Robert L. Calhoun Historical Theology 1963 [86]
Brevard Childs Divinity 1992 Canonical criticism [1][87]
Charles Edward Clark Law 1929 Dean of Yale Law School (1929-1939); Judge for the U.S. Second Circuit Court of Appeals (1939–1963) [88]
Donald J. Cohen Child Psychiatry 2000 Tourette's syndrome; Autism [89][90]
Wilbur Cross English 1922 Dean of the Graduate School (1916–1930); Governor of Connecticut (1931–1939) [91][92]
Donald Crothers Chemistry 1997 [93][94]
Harvey Cushing Neurology 1933 Neurosurgery pioneer; Cushing's disease [6][95]
Leonard W. Doob Psychiatry 1997 1960 Guggenheim Fellow [96]
William O. Douglas Law 1931 Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court [7][97]
J. G. Dusser de Barenne Physiology 1930 [6][98]
Alvan R. Feinstein Medicine and Epidemiology 1991 [99]
Wiliam J. Fellner Economics 1959 [100]
Albert Feuillerat French 1929 [101]
Frederic Brenton Fitch Philosophy 1974 Logician; symbolic and combinatory logic; Fitch-style calculus [102]
John Farquhar Fulton Physiology and History of Medicine 1930 Primate neurophysiology [6]
Raymond Fuoss Chemistry 1945 [103]
Ralph Henry Gabriel History 1948 [1][104]
John Gassner Playwriting 1956 Drama critic [105]
Grant Gilmore Law 1973 [106]
Albrecht Goetze Assyriology and Babylonian Literature 1956 [107]
Abraham S. Goldstein Law 1978 Criminal law scholar; historian of insanity defense; Dean of Yale Law School (1970–1975) [108]
Henry S. Graves Forestry 1922 Founder of Yale School of Forestry; Chief of the United States Forest Service [91]
Ross Granville Harrison Biology 1927 Embryologist; inventor of artificial tissue culture [68][109]
Eric A. Havelock Classics 1963 [110]
Henreich E. K. Henel German 1963 [111]
Hajo Holborn History 1959 Historian of modern Germany [112]
John Hollander English 1995 Poet; translator; scholar of prosody [113]
Carl Hovland Psychology 1947 [114]
Vernon Hughes Physics 1978 [115][40]
Clark L. Hull Psychology 1947 Learning theorist; Drive reduction theory [116]
G. Evelyn Hutchinson Zoology 1952 Limnologist; "Father of modern ecology" [117]
Treat Baldwin Johnson Chemistry 1928 [118]
John Johnston Chemistry 1920 [1][119]
Eugen Kahn Psychiatry and Mental Hygiene 1930 [120]
Andrew Keogh Bibliography 1924 Yale University Librarian (1916–1938) [121]
Friedrich Kessler Law 1964 [122]
John Gamble Kirkwood Chemistry 1956 Kirkwood approximation [123][124]
Adolph Knopf Physical Geology 1938 [125]
George Kubler History of Art 1975 Art historian of Pre-Columbian and Ibero-American Art [126][127][128]
Kenneth Scott Latourette Missions and Oriental History 1949 Historian of Christianity and Christian missions [129]
Theodore Lidz Psychiatry Schizophrenia researcher [130]
Ralph Linton Anthropology 1946 [131]
Juan Linz Political and Social Science 1989 Regime types; democratic transitions; Johan Skytte Prize (1996) [132]
Cyril Long Chemistry 1938 Dean of the Yale School of Medicine; diabetes researcher [133]
Robert S. Lopez History 1970 Director of Peabody Museum of Natural History (1922–1938); proponent of orthogenetic evolutionary theory [134]
Charles T. Loram Education 1930 [135]
Floyd Lounsbury Anthropology American Indian linguist [136]
Richard Swann Lull Paleontology 1927 Director of Peabody Museum of Natural History (1922–1938); proponent of orthogenetic evolutionary theory [137]
Maynard Mack English 1965 Shakespeare scholar; Biographer of Alexander Pope [138][139]
Paul de Man Comparative Literature and French 1979 Major figure in literary deconstruction and Yale school [140]
Benoit Mandelbrot Mathematical Sciences 1999 Fractal geometry; Mandelbrot set [141]
Louis L. Martz English 1971 [1][142]
Georges C. May French 1971 Scholar of the French Enlightenment; Dean of Yale College (1963–1971); Yale Provost (1979–1981) [143]
Edwin McClellan Japanese Literature 1999 Translator of Japanese literature [21][144]
Myres McDougal International Law 1958 Founder of New Haven School of Jurisprudence [145][146]
Lafayette Mendel Physiological Chemistry 1921 [147]
Clarence W. Mendell Latin Language and Literature 1947 Dean of Yale College (1926–1937)
María Rosa Menocal Humanities 2006 [148][149]
James W. Moore Law 1943 Legal realist [150]
Underhill Moore Law 1929 [7]
Edmund Morgan History 1965 Biographer of Ben Franklin; historian of Puritanism; Pulitzer Special Citation (2006); National Humanities Medal [151]
John Spangler Nicholas Biology 1939 [152][153]
H. Richard Niebuhr Theology and Christian Ethics 1954 Historian of American religion and theology [154]
F. S. C. Northrop Philosophy and Law 1947 [155]
Wallace Notestein English History 1928 Historian of witchcraft [156]
Julian J. Obermann Semitic Languages 1951 [157]
Oystein Ore Mathematics 1931 [1][158]
George E. Palade Cell Biology 1975 Discovery of ribosome; protein transport; 1974 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine [68][159]
Edwards A. Park Pediatrics 1922 [91]
Jaroslav Pelikan History 1972 Historian of Christianity and Christian theology; Kluge Prize awardee (2004) [160]
Henri Peyre French 1938 1930 Guggenheim Fellow; President of the Modern Language Association [161]
Frederick A. Pottle English 1944 Editor of James Boswell's papers [162]
Martin Price English 1978 1957 Guggenheim Fellow [163]
Eduard Prokosch Germanic Languages 1930 [164]
Lloyd George Reynolds Economics 1952 1954 Guggenheim Fellow [165][166]
Frederic M. Richards Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry 1989 [167]
Abraham Robinson Mathematics 1967 Non-standard analysis [168]
James Harvey Rogers Political Economy 1931 Economic policy advisor to Franklin Roosevelt administration; monetary policy theorist [169]
Franz Rosenthal Near Eastern Languages and Literatures 1964 Scholar of Islamic and Arabic literature [170]
Michael Rostovzeff Ancient History and Classical Archeology 1925 Social and economic historian of Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire [171][172]
Eugene V. Rostow Law and Public Affairs 1964 Dean of Yale Law School (1955–1965) [173]
Frank Ruddle Biology 1988 Founder of Human Genome Project [1][174]
Edward Sapir Anthropology and Linguistics 1931 Founder of descriptive linguistics; Sapir–Whorf hypothesis [175]
Milton Senn Pediatrics and Psychiatry 1964 [1][176]
Charles Seymour History 1922 Biographer of Woodrow Wilson; Yale President (1937–1950); Yale Provost (1928–1937) [177][91]
Harry Shulman Law 1940 Dean of Yale Law School (1954–1955); labor arbitration scholar [178]
Edmund Ware Sinnott Botany 1940 Dean of the Yale Graduate School; Plant morphogenesis [179]
Albert J. Solnit Pediatrics and Psychiatry 1970 [180]
Frank E. Spaulding School Administration 1921 [4]
Nicholas J. Spykman International Relations 1934 [181]
Thomas W. Swan Law 1922 Dean of the Yale Law School (1916–1927); Judge for the U.S. Second Circuit Court of Appeals [91]
Chauncey Brewster Tinker English Literature 1923 Rare books collector [182]
James Tobin Economics 1957 Nobel Laureate in Economics [183]
Karl Turekian Geology and Geophysics 2003 Geochemistry; radiogenic isotope; environmental history and global environmental change [184][185]
Charles Hyde Warren Geology 1922 Dean of the Sheffield Scientific School (1922–1945) [91]
Hermann J. Weigand Germanic Literature 1954 Guggenheim Fellow [186]
Luther Allan Weigle Religious Education 1924 Dean of the Yale Divinity School [187]
Paul Weiss Philosophy 1962 1937 Guggenheim Fellow [188]
René Wellek Comparative Literature 1952 [189]
Harry H. Wellington Law 1983 Dean of Yale Law School (1975–1985) [190]
Stanley T. Williams American Literature 1944 Literary scholar of Washington Irving and Herman Melville [191]
William Kurtz Wimsatt, Jr. English 1974 Early theorist of New Criticism; progenitor of intentional fallacy [192]
Walter Jacob Wohlenberg Mechanical Engineering 1949 Dean of the School of Engineering (1948-1955)
Arnold O. Wolfers International Relations 1949 Realist international relations theory [193]
C. Vann Woodward History 1961 Historian of the American South; Pulitzer Prize for History (1982) [194][184]
Karl Young English 1938 [195]

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 Fellman, Bruce (February 1999). "How Sterling Professors Get That Way". Yale Alumni Magazine. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Dockendorf, Jay (21 January 2011). "The Sterling Professors of Yale: Evolution of a species". Yale Daily News. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  3. ↑ "The Sterling Bequest to Yale University". Science 48 (1230): 87. 26 July 1918. doi:10.1126/science.48.1230.87. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "University and Educational News". Science 53 (1373): 387. 22 April 1921. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  5. ↑ Hicks, Frederick C. (1930). "Review: 'John William Sterling'". Yale Law Journal. Faculty Scholarship Series (4712). Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Burrow 2002, pp. 128.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Smith 2004, pp. 141.
  8. ↑ Tam, Derek (7 November 2008). "Amar Earns Sterling Rank". Yale Daily News. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  9. ↑ "More News of Yale People". Yale Alumni Magazine. May 2012. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  10. ↑ "R. Howard Bloch appointed Sterling Professor of French". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 33 (29) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 30 May 2005. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  11. ↑ "Michael Donaghue Designated Sterling Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology". YaleNews. 21 January 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  12. ↑ "Flavell to hold Sterling chair in immunology". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 31 (14) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 4 Jun 2004. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  13. ↑ "Yale Literary Scholar Awarded National Humanities Medal". YaleNews. Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications. 2 March 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  14. ↑ "Horwich appointed to Sterling Professorship". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 36 (7) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 19 October 2007. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  15. ↑ "Marcia Johnson is named Sterling Professor of Psychology". YaleNews (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 21 January 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  16. ↑ "William L. Jorgensen Has Been Appointed as Sterling Professor of Chemistry". YaleNews (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 15 May 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  17. ↑ "Harold Hongju Koh Named Sterling Professor of International Law". Yale Law School. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  18. ↑ "Kronman Named Sterling Professor of Law". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 32 (31) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 4 Jun 2004. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  19. ↑ "Legal scholar John Langbein is named Sterling Professor". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 30 (8) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communication). 26 October 2001. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  20. ↑ "Lifton named as Sterling Professor of Genetics". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 31 (14) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communication). 26 October 2001. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "Two faculty members are honored with Sterling Professorships". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 27 (17) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 18 January 1999. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  22. ↑ "While You Were Away: The Summer's Top Stories Revisited". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 32 (2) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 12 September 2003.
  23. ↑ "Mary E. Miller named Sterling Professor of the History of Art". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 36 (29) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 16 May 2008.
  24. ↑ "Nordhaus is Sterling Professor of Economics". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 29 (21) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 2 March 2001.
  25. ↑ Mariano, Roberto S.; Xiao, Zhijie; Yu, Jun, eds. (2012). "Recent advances in panel data, nonlinear and nonparametric models: A festschrift in honor of Peter C.B. Phillips" (PDF). Journal of Econometrics 169 (1). doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2012.01.002.
  26. ↑ "Dr. Thomas D. Pollard named Sterling Professor of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 34 (15) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 13 January 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  27. ↑ "David Louis Quint named Sterling Professor of Comparative Literature". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 34 (29) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 19 May 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  28. ↑ "Joseph Roach appointed Sterling Professor of Theater". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 36 (29) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 16 May 2008.
  29. ↑ Lalwani, Nikita (21 June 2011). "First Woman at Law School Appointed Sterling Professor". Yale Daily News. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  30. ↑ "Roberta Romano ’80 Appointed Sterling Professor of Law; Henry Hansmann ’74 Named Oscar M. Ruebhausen Professor of Law". Yale Law School. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  31. ↑ "Robert Schoelkopf is named Sterling Professor of Applied Physics and Physics". YaleNews (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 1 April 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  32. ↑ "Scott is designated Sterling Professor of Political Science". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 29 (29) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 4 May 2001. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  33. ↑ "Ian Shapiro appointed Sterling Professor of Political Science". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 33 (28) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 20 May 2005. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  34. ↑ "Robert Shiller named to Sterling Professorship". YaleNews. Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications. 1 April 2003. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  35. ↑ Skinner, David (2010). "Jonathan Spence Biography". Jefferson Lecturers. National Endowment for the Humanities. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  36. ↑ "Dieter Söll named Sterling Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 34 (15) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 13 January 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  37. ↑ "Molecular geneticist Joan A. Steitz is named Sterling Professor". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 27 (8) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 23 October 1998. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  38. ↑ "Scientist Thomas Steitz honored with Sterling Professorship". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 29 (22) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 16 March 2001. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  39. ↑ "John C. Tully named Sterling Professor of Chemistry". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 34 (15) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 13 January 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 "Yale University". Array of Contemporary American Physicists. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  41. ↑ Gortler, Leon B. (21 March 2001). "Oral History with Jerome A. Benson". Chemical Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  42. ↑ "New Endowed Chair Honors Marie Borroff". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 36 (16) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 1 February 2008. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  43. ↑ "Brooks appointed to Sterling Professorship". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 29 (21) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 2 March 2001. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  44. ↑ "Senior Fellows". Center for Cultural Sociology. Yale University. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  45. ↑ "Guido Calabresi to Give 1997 DeVane Lectures". Yale Bulletin & Calendar (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 17 January 1997. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  46. ↑ "Memorial service for Professor Robert Dahl on May 29". Yale News. Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications. 15 May 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  47. ↑ Martin, Douglas (7 February 2014). "Robert A. Dahl Dies at 98; Yale Scholar Defined Politics and Power". New York Times. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  48. ↑ "David Brion Davis". Yale University Department of History. Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  49. ↑ "Curriculum Vitae: Mirjan R. Damaška". Yale Law School. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
  50. ↑ Koh, Harold Hongju (2008). "Mirjan Damaška:A Bridge Between Legal Cultures". In Jackson, John; Langer, Maximo; Tillers, Peter. Crime, Procedure and Evidence in a Comparative and International Context (PDF). Studies in International and Comparative Criminal Law. Bloombury. pp. 29–35. ISBN 9781847314628.
  51. ↑ "Czech Republic honors Demetz for scholarship". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 29 (13) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 8 December 2000. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  52. ↑ "Event focuses on legal scholarship of Owen Fiss". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 31 (22) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 21 March 2003. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  53. ↑ "Peter Gay: A Brief Biography". Haskins Lecture. American Council of Learned Societies. 2004.
  54. ↑ Geibel, John. "Gerhard Giebisch" (PDF). Kidney International 62: 1496–1497. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.t01-1-00644.x.
  55. ↑ "Donald Kagan Is Named Sterling Professor". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 30 (31) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 7 June 2002. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  56. ↑ Gould, Lewis L. (2000). "Howard Roberts Lamar". In Rutland, Robert A. Clio's Favorites: Leading Historians of the United States, 1945-2000. University of Missouri Press. pp. 84–97.
  57. ↑ Woodhouse, Edward J. (2007). "Lindblom, Charles Edward". International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (2nd ed.). Gale. p. 452. ISBN 9780028661179.
  58. ↑ "Peter Moore Is Appointed to Sterling Chair". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 30 (31) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 7 June 2002. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  59. ↑ "Patterson has been appointed Sterling Professor of English". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 29 (29) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 4 May 2001. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  60. ↑ Barringer, Judith M.; Hurwit, Jeffrey M. (2010). "Introduction". In Barringer, Judith M.; Hurwit, Jeffrey M. Periklean Athens and Its Legacy: Problems and Perspectives. University of Texas Press. p. xv. ISBN 9780292782907.
  61. ↑ Yang, Zaifu (2012). Herbert Scarf: A Distinguished American Economist (PDF) (12/06). York, UK: University of York. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  62. ↑ Weiss, Samuel (19 June 2002). "Retirement Rules Gone, the Ivory Tower Goes Gray". New York Times. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  63. ↑ "Shulman, Robert Gerson". The International Who's Who 2004. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 9781857432176.
  64. ↑ "Vincent Scully". National Building Museum. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  65. ↑ "Center renamed in honor of its founder" 33 (22). 18 March 2005. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  66. ↑ "Cott named to Sterling Chair in History, American Studies". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 29 (29) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 4 May 2001. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  67. ↑ "A Prominent Chemist Returns from Columbia to Yale". Columbia University Record 19 (8) (Columbia University). 22 October 1993. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 68.2 Lentz, Thomas L. (June 2011). "History of the Department of Cell Biology at Yale School of Medicine, 1813-2010". Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 84 (2). PMID 21698037.
  69. ↑ "Mellman Awarded Sterling Post in Cell Biology". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 31 (14) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 13 December 2002.
  70. ↑ Nelson, Lowry (2013). "Erich Auerbach". In Damico, Helen. Medieval Scholarship: Biographical Studies on the Formation of a Discipline. 2: Literature and Philology (2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 400. ISBN 9781317732020.
  71. ↑ "E. Wight Bakke". Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives (5522). Cornell University Library. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  72. ↑ Dewsbery, Donald A. (1998). Biographical Memoir of Frank Ambrose Beach: 1911–1988 (PDF). National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  73. ↑ Hench, John B. (October 1973). "Samuel Flagg Bemis" (PDF) 83 (2). Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society. pp. 196–202. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
  74. ↑ "Thomas G. Bergin, 82, An Authority on Dante". New York Times. 3 November 1987. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  75. ↑ "Guide to the Alexandar Mordecai Bickel Papers". Manuscripts and Archives (MS 762). Yale University Library. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  76. ↑ "Boris I. Bittker, 1916–2005" (PDF). Yale Law Review 53 (1). January 2006. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  77. ↑ "Guide to the Boris I. Bittker Papers". Manuscripts and Archives (MS 1869). Yale University Library. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  78. ↑ "Noted legal scholar and humanist Charles L. Black Jr. dies". Yale Bulletin & Calendar 29 (30) (Yale Office of Public Affairs & Communications). 18 May 2001. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  79. ↑ Burrow 2002, pp. 227.
  80. ↑ Paul, John Rodman (1954). Biographical Memoir of Francis Gilman Blake: 1887–1952 (PDF). National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  81. ↑ Walsh, F. Michael (2005). "Blanshard, Brand (1887–1949)". In Shook, John R. Dictionary Of Modern American Philosophers. Blomsbury Publishing. pp. 243–249. ISBN 9781847144706.
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References