St Ffinan's Church, Llanffinan

St Ffinan's Church, Llanffinan

The church from the north, showing the doorway at the west end
St Ffinan's Church, Llanffinan

Location in Anglesey

Coordinates: 53°15′19″N 4°15′24″W / 53.255188°N 4.256780°W
OS grid reference SH 495 755
Location Llanffinan, Anglesey
Country Wales, United Kingdom
Denomination Church in Wales
Website Church website
History
Founded c. 620
Present building 1841
Dedication St Ffinan
Architecture
Status Parish church
Functional status Active
Heritage designation Grade II
Designated 30 January 1968
Architect(s) John Welch (1841)
Architectural type Church
Style Romanesque revival
Specifications
Materials Stone with slate roof
Administration
Parish Llanfihangel Ysgeifiog (Gaerwen) with Llangristiolus with Llanffinan with Llangaffo
Deanery Malltraeth
Archdeaconry Bangor
Diocese Diocese of Bangor
Province Province of Wales
Clergy
Vicar(s) The Reverend E C Williams[1]
Curate(s) The Reverend E R Roberts[1]

St Ffinan's Church, Llanffinan is a small 19th-century parish church built in the Romanesque revival style, in Anglesey, north Wales. There has been a church in this area, even if not on this precise location, since at least 1254, and 19th-century writers state that St Ffinan established the first church here in the 7th century. The church was rebuilt in 1841, reusing a 12th-century font and 18th-century memorials, as well as the cross at the eastern end of the roof.

The church is still used for worship by the Church in Wales, one of four in a combined parish, and services are held weekly. It is a Grade II listed building, a national designation given to "buildings of special interest, which warrant every effort being made to preserve them",[2] in particular because it is considered to be "a good essay in a simple Romanesque revival style".[3] The church is at the end of a gravel track in the countryside of central Anglesey, about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) from Llangefni, the county town. It is also on a footpath to Plas Penmynydd, once home to Owen Tudor, founder of the Tudor dynasty.

History and location

St Ffinan's Church is in the countryside in the centre of Anglesey, north Wales, near the village of Talwrn, and about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) away from Llangefni, the county town of Anglesey.[3] The parish church is at the end of a gravelled track, off a country lane between the lower part of Talwrn and the hamlet of Ceint to the south.[4] It can also be accessed by public footpath from Plas Penmynydd, once home to Owen Tudor, grandfather of King Henry VII and founder of the Tudor dynasty.[4][5] The parish takes its name from the church: the Welsh word llan originally meant "enclosure" and then "church", with "-ffinan" denoting the saint.[6]

The date of construction of the first church in this area is uncertain, although a church was recorded here in 1254 during the Norwich Taxation of churches.[3] The 19th-century writers and antiquarians Angharad Llwyd and Samuel Lewis said that St Ffinan, to whom the church is dedicated, established the first church here towards the beginning of the 7th century, possibly around 620.[7][8] Llwyd described the old church in 1833 as "a small neat edifice".[8] The current building was designed by the architect John Welch and erected in 1841, with the first service held on 6 July of that year.[3][7] Welch also designed the church of St Nidan, Llanidan, in the south of Anglesey, which was built between 1839 and 1843.[9]

St Ffinan's is still used for worship by the Church in Wales. It is one of four churches in the combined benefice of Llanfihangel Ysgeifiog (St Michael's Church) with Llangristiolus (St Cristiolus's Church) with Llanffinan with Llangaffo (St Caffo's Church).[1] It is within the deanery of Malltraeth, the archdeaconry of Bangor and the Diocese of Bangor.[10] As of 2012, the vicar is Emlyn Williams, assisted by a curate, E. R. Roberts.[1] Williams was appointed in 2007; before that, the position had been vacant for 20 years despite many attempts by the Church in Wales to fill it.[11] Services are held every Sunday, either Holy Communion or Evening Prayer; there are no midweek services.[12]

John Jones, who was Dean of Bangor Cathedral from 1689 to 1727, was also rector of St Ffinan's during that time, as it was one of the benefices attached to the deanery.[13] Jones is commememorated by a stone tablet on the wall of St Mary's Church, Pentraeth, also in Anglesey.[14] The antiquarian Nicholas Owen was perpetual curate here from 1790 until his death in 1811; he is buried at St Tyfrydog's Church, Llandyfrydog, Anglesey.[15]

Architecture and fittings

The church is small and rectangular, built from stone with a slate roof; there is a bellcote at the west end of the roof. There is no internal structural division between the nave and the chancel. The style is Romanesque revival.[3] There is a round-headed window in each of the three bays of the church, and a three-part window in the chancel. The doorway at the west end has small windows on either side, and a window above; a stone slab between the upper window and the doorway has "1841" upon it.[3] Stained glass has been inserted into the windows in memory of parishioners.[16]

A survey in 1937 by the Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments in Wales and Monmouthshire noted a number of items that had been preserved from the old church. The circular font, made of gritstone, dates from the 12th-century; it has a "very crude interlacing strap ornament", and has been fitted upon a more modern base.[17] There are two memorials from the 18th century, one dated 1705 to "Iohn Lloyd of Hirdre Faig" and one dated 1764 to "Hugh, son of Richard Hugh of Ty-hen".[17]

Assessment

St Ffinan's has national recognition and statutory protection from alteration as it has been designated as a Grade II listed building – the lowest of the three grades of listing, designating "buildings of special interest, which warrant every effort being made to preserve them".[2] It was given this status on 30 January 1968 and has been listed because it is considered to be "a good essay in a simple Romanesque revival style".[3] Cadw (the Welsh Government body responsible for the built heritage of Wales and the inclusion of Welsh buildings on the statutory lists) describes it as "a small rural church".[3]

Samuel Lewis said that the new church was "a plain structure in the old English style, with strong buttresses, which have a good effect, being so well suited to the exposed situation of the building."[7] Writing in 1846, the clergyman and antiquarian Harry Longueville Jones said that the church, "a modern erection of the Pseudo-Norman style", stood in "a highly picturesque situation."[18] He said that the cross at the east end of the roof came from the old church.[18]

A 2009 guide to the buildings of the region describes the 1841 rebuilding work as "rectangular and harsh".[19] A 2006 guide to the churches of Anglesey says that it is "a good example of the small rural church", set in a "well-maintained churchyard".[16] It also notes that its style "is quite different to most Anglesey churches".[16]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Church in Wales: Benefices". Church in Wales. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 What is listing? (PDF). Cadw. 2005. p. 6. ISBN 1-85760-222-6.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Cadw (2009). "Church of St Ffinan". Historic Wales. Retrieved 26 January 2011.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Steele, Philip; Williams, Robert (2006). Môn Mam Cymru: The Guide to Anglesey. Magma. p. 95. ISBN 1-872773-77-X.
  5. ↑ "Hidden Houses of Wales visits Plas Penmynydd, Anglesey". BBC Online. 19 January 2010. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  6. ↑ "Religion and creed in place names". BBC Wales. Retrieved 24 June 2010.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Lewis, Samuel (1849). "Llanfinnan (Llan-Ffinan)". A Topographical Dictionary of Wales.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Llwyd, Angharad (2007) [1833]. A History of the Island of Mona. Llansadwrn, Anglesey: Llyfrau Magma. p. 129. ISBN 1-872773-73-7.
  9. ↑ Cadw (2009). "Church of St Nidan (new church)". Historic Wales. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  10. ↑ "Deanery of Malltraeth: St Ffinan, Llanffinan". Church in Wales. Retrieved 26 January 2011.
  11. ↑ "Church post filled after 20 years". BBC News Online. 21 May 2007. Retrieved 26 January 2011.
  12. ↑ "St Ffinan, Llanffinan". Church in Wales. Retrieved 26 January 2011.
  13. ↑ Wright, Evan Gilbert. "Jones, John (1650–1727), dean of Bangor, educationist, and antiquary". Welsh Biography Online. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  14. ↑ Cadw (2009). "Church of St Mary". Historic Wales. Retrieved 31 January 2011.
  15. ↑ Jenkins, Robert Thomas (2009). "Owen, Nicholas (1752–1811), cleric and antiquary". Welsh Biography Online. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 31 January 2011.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Jones, Geraint I. L. (2006). Anglesey Churches. Carreg Gwalch. p. 92. ISBN 1-84527-089-4.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments in Wales and Monmouthshire (1968) [1937]. "Llanffinan". An Inventory of the Ancient Monuments in Anglesey. Her Majesty's Stationery Office. pp. 78–79.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Longueville Jones, Harry (1846). "Mona Mediaeva No. III". Archaeologia Cambrensis (Cambrian Archaeological Association) I: 300–301.
  19. ↑ Haslam, Richard; Orbach, Julian; Voelcker, Adam (2009). "Anglesey". The Buildings of Wales: Gwynedd. Yale University Press. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-300-14169-6.

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