Soviet submarine B-427

B-427, on display in Long Beach, California
Career (USSR)
Name: B-427
Laid down: 10 April 1971
Launched: 22 June 1971
Commissioned: 4 December 1971
Decommissioned: 1994
Struck: 1994
Status: Sold into private ownership. On display as a museum vessel next to the RMS Queen Mary in Long Beach, California
General characteristics
Class and type:Foxtrot-class submarine
Displacement:1,952 long tons (1,983 t) surfaced
2,475 long tons (2,515 t) submerged
Length:299 ft 6 in (91.29 m)
Beam:24 ft 7 in (7.49 m)
Draft:20 ft (6.1 m)
Propulsion:3 × Kolomna 2D42M 2,000 hp (1,491 kW) diesel engines
3 electric motors; 2 × 1,350 hp (1,007 kW) and 1 × 2,700 hp (2,013 kW)
1 × 140 hp (104 kW) auxiliary motor
3 shafts, each with 6-bladed propellers
Speed:16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph) surfaced
15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) submerged
8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) snorkeling
Range:20,000 nmi (37,000 km; 23,000 mi) at 8 kn (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) surfaced
11,000 nmi (20,000 km; 13,000 mi) snorkeling
380 nmi (700 km; 440 mi) at 2 kn (3.7 km/h; 2.3 mph) submerged
Endurance:3–5 days submerged
Test depth:270–280 m (890–920 ft)
Complement:12 officers, 10 warrants, 56 seamen
Armament:• 10 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes (6 bow, 4 stern)
• Up to 22 torpedoes

B-427 was a Project 641 (Foxtrot-class) diesel-electric attack submarine of the Soviet Navy. The "B" (actually "Б") in her designation stands for большая (bolshaya, "large"). Commissioned in 1971, the submarine operated with the Russian Pacific Fleet until decommissioning in 1994. The boat was sold to a group of Australian businessmen, who converted her into a museum vessel, which was placed on display at the Australian National Maritime Museum (under the name Foxtrot-540) from 1995 until 1998, then at Long Beach, California (under the name Podvodnaya Lodka B-427 Scorpion) in 1998. The submarine is still on display as of 2015.

Service history

Her keel was laid down on 10 April 1971 at Sudomekh Shipyard of Leningrad. It was launched on 22 June 1971 and commissioned on 4 December 1971.

For twenty-two years B-427 patrolled the Pacific, protecting the ballistic missile submarine bastions of the Pacific Fleet while based out of Vladivostok, Russia with the exception of a few temporary postings as part of the Soviet Submarine Squadron that was for a time based at the former US Navy base at Cam Ranh Bay, Vietnam. Such postings were normally for a period of between 8 to 12 months before returning to Vladivostok.

In 1989, B-427 was returning to Vladivostok from Vietnam when it ran into a typhoon. A mechanical breakdown that could not be fixed in time prevented the sub from diving. The storm battered the boat, destroying the light hull and damaging the ballast tanks and high pressure air bottles. B-427 was taken back to Vladivostok where it was repaired and refitted with a new light hull.

Decommissioning and preservation

The submarine was decommissioned by the Russian Navy in December 1994.[1] She was one of the last three Foxtrot class submarines to serve in the Russian Pacific Fleet.[1] The boat was acquired by a group of Australian businessmen on a three-year lease purchase contract, and was towed from Vladivostok on 25 July 1995.[1][2] En route to Sydney, the tow company claimed that the deal for the Russian Navy to cover the cost of the tow was invalid, and claimed that A$150,000 in towing expenses was required.[2] The submarine arrived in Sydney on 31 August, and after some modifications, was loaned to the Australian National Maritime Museum for display as a museum vessel under the designation "Foxtrot-540" (the submarine's last pennant number while in service).[1] As the submarine was still the property of the Russian Navy for the duration of the lease, an Australian ex-submariner was commissioned into the Russian Navy to command and look after Foxtrot-540, with the boat's former engineering officer assisting.[1] The submarine was in near-operational condition; the diesel generators and electrical storage system, ballast tanks, and hotel load equipment were functional, and Russian personnel travelled to Australia to teach museum staff about maintenance and operation of the boat.[1] Foxtrot-540 spent three years berthed at the museum, attracting over 700,000 visitors during this period (including intelligence analysts from multiple nations during the first weeks on display).[1]

In May 1998, the submarine was loaded onto a heavy lift ship and relocated to Long Beach, California,[1] sailing from Sydney on 31 May and arriving on 25 June. On arrival, she was berthed next to RMS Queen Mary, and opened to the public on 14 July under the designation "Podvodnaya Lodka B-427 Scorpion".[3] On 19 April 2011, the company operating Queen Mary (Delaware North) announced that they had acquired Scorpion, and were planning to increase attendance at both attractions through combined ticketing and joint marketing campaigns.[3] The Scorpion Submarine is currently owned by NEWCO Pty Ltd LLC and is on a long term lease to the Queen Mary.

Citation

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Walsh, Soviet sub penetrates Sydney Harbour!, p. 105
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hyman & Dunsford, How to Value a Submarine, p. 223
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Target News Service, The Queen Mary and Soviet 'Scorpion' Sub Join Forces

See also

References

External links

Coordinates: 33°45′12″N 118°11′29″W / 33.753308°N 118.191475°W