South Pass City, Wyoming

South Pass City
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district
South Pass City in 1870, three years after gold was discovered
Location	South Pass Rd., South Pass City, Fremont County, Wyoming
Coordinates	42°28′06″N 108°47′59″W / 42.46833°N 108.79972°W / 42.46833; -108.79972Coordinates: 42°28′06″N 108°47′59″W / 42.46833°N 108.79972°W / 42.46833; -108.79972
Built	1867
Governing body	State
NRHP Reference #	70000670[1]
Added to NRHP	February 26, 1970

South Pass City is an unincorporated community in Fremont County, Wyoming, United States. It is located 2 miles south of the intersection of highways 28 and 131. The closest town is Atlantic City. A ghost town until recently, the entire community is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.^[1]

History

South Pass City sprang into existence as a stage and telegraph station on the Oregon Trail during the 1850s. The site of this first settlement was about 9 miles south of present-day South Pass City at what is today known as Burnt Ranch. Burnt Ranch was located where the Emigrant Trails crossed the Sweetwater River for the last time and ascended toward South Pass.^[2]

In 1866 gold was discovered in the vicinity, and a year later prospecting began on what would become the Carissa mine. Prospectors and adventurers quickly arrived and founded what is today known as South Pass City. Within a year the community's population had swelled to about 2,000. One of those who arrived in 1869 was Esther Hobart Morris. In 1870 she was the first woman in the U.S. to serve as a Justice of the Peace.^[3] In 1869, William H. Bright, a saloon owner and representative to the Wyoming Territorial Constitutional Convention, introduced a women's suffrage clause into the territorial constitution. When the constitution was approved by Territorial Governor John A. Campbell in December 1869, Wyoming became the first U.S. territory to recognize a woman's right to vote.

Within a decade the city's population shrank dramatically as the large gold deposits that had been hoped for failed to materialize. By the mid-1870s South Pass City's population was reduced to about 100 people. Over the next century the population of South Pass City declined further and many of the city's homes, mercantile stores, hotels and saloons fell into disrepair. A few businesses continued to operate in South Pass City with the last of the pioneer families finally moving on in 1949.

At the end of the 20th century steps were taken to renew the community and turn it into a historic site. As a result the community today consists of two areas: South Pass City, in which a handful of residents live, and South Pass City State Historic Site, which preserves more than 30 historic structures dating from the city's heyday in the 1860s and 1870s. In 1970, the community was added to the National Register of Historic Places.^[1] The town has been extensively documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey in drawings and in photographs by HABS photographer Jack Boucher.

Gallery

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to South Pass City.

• South Pass City Historic Site
• South Pass City State Historic Site, Wyoming Division of State Parks and Historic Sites
• South Pass City at the Wyoming State Historic Preservation Office
• City of Gold- The Story of South Pass City Documentary produced by Wyoming PBS
• South Pass City, General View, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS)
• B & H Mine, South Pass City vicinity, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Barney Tibbals Cabin, Price Street & South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Black Horse Livery Stable, Grant Street, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• The Carissa Mine, South Pass City vicinity, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Carrie Shields Mine, South Pass City vicinity, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• The Cave, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Dakota Street (Cabin), South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Dance Hall, South Pass Avenue & Dakota Street, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Duncan Mine, South Pass City vicinity, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Exchange Bank & Recorder's Office, South Pass Avenue & Price Street, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Grant & Price Streets (Commercial Building), Grant & Price Streets, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Grecian Bend Saloon, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Houghton-Colter General Store, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Idaho House, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Libby Cabin, State Route 28, (moved from South Pass City vicinity), South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Masonic Lodge, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Palmetto Gulch Stamp Mill, Willow Creek, Palmetto Gulch vicinity, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Privy I & II, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Roberts-Payne House, Dakota Street, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• School House, South Pass Avenue near Jefferson Street, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Sherlock House, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Smith-Sherlock Store, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Sweetwater County Jail, Grant Street, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS
• Tibbals-Sager Cabin, South Pass Avenue, South Pass City, Fremont, WY at HABS

Municipalities and communities of Fremont County, Wyoming, United States County seat: Lander Cities Lander Riverton Towns Dubois Hudson Pavillion Shoshoni CDPs Arapahoe Atlantic City Boulder Flats Crowheart Ethete Fort Washakie Jeffrey City Johnstown Unincorporated communities Kinnear Kotey Place Lysite Miner's Delight Moneta Morton St. Stephens South Pass City Ghost town Miner's Delight Indian reservation Wind River Indian Reservation