South African Class C2 4-6-4T

South African Class C2 4-6-4T ex NGR Class H 4-6-4T
NGR Class H 4-6-4T no. 39 arriving at Port Shepstone with the afternoon train from Durban, Natal, c. 1905
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Kitson and Company
Builder	Robert Stephenson and Company
Serial number	2487
Model	NGR Class G
Build date	1882
Total produced	37
Rebuilder	Natal Government Railways
Rebuild date	1896
Number rebuilt	1 from 4-6-0T
Specifications
Configuration	4-6-4T "Baltic"
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Leading wheel diameter	25 ³⁄₄ in (654 mm)
Driver diameter	39 in (991 mm)
Trailing wheel diameter	25 ³⁄₄ in (654 mm)
Wheelbase	25 ft 7 ¹⁄₄ in (7.804 m) total 5 ft (1.524 m) leading 7 ft 9 in (2.362 m) coupled 5 ft (1.524 m) trailing
Length	31 ft 5 ¹⁄₄ in (9.582 m)
Height	11 ft 7 ¹⁄₂ in (3.543 m)
Frame	Plate frame
Axle load	7.75 long tons (7.9 t) on 2nd driver
Weight on drivers	21.95 long tons (22.3 t)
Locomotive weight	33.1 long tons (33.6 t)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	2 long tons (2.0 t)
Water capacity	1,130 imp gal (5,100 l)
Boiler	3 ft 2 ⁷⁄₈ in (0.987 m) inside diameter 10 ft 3 ¹⁄₂ in (3.137 m) inside length 5 ft 7 in (1.702 m) pitch
Boiler pressure	145 psi (1,000 kPa)
Firegrate area	11 sq ft (1.022 m²)
Heating surface: – Tubes	130 tubes 1 ³⁄₄ in (44.4 mm) diameter 611 sq ft (56.764 m²)
– Firebox	58 sq ft (5.388 m²)
– Total	669 sq ft (62.152 m²)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	14 in (356 mm) bore 21 in (533 mm) stroke
Valve gear	Stephenson
Performance figures
Tractive effort	11,480 lbf (51.1 kN) at 75% pressure
Career
Operator(s)	Natal Government Railways South African Railways
Class	NGR Class H, SAR Class C2
Number in class	1
Number(s)	NGR 21, renumbered 39 SAR 86 ^[1]
Delivered	1882 ^[2]
First run	1896
Withdrawn	1931 ^[3]

The South African Class C2 4-6-4T of 1896 is a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Natal Colony.

Between 1879 and 1885 the Natal Government Railways placed thirty-seven 4-6-0 tank steam locomotives in service. In 1896 one of them was rebuilt to a 4-6-4T locomotive and in 1912, when it was assimilated into the South African Railways, this locomotive was renumbered and reclassified to the sole Class C2.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Manufacturers

The Natal Government Railways (NGR) Class G 4-6-0T tank locomotives, sometimes known as the K&S Class after their builders, Kitson and Stephenson, were delivered between 1879 and 1884. They had plate frames and used Stephenson valve gear.^[2]^[3]

In 1896 George William Reid, who was appointed as Locomotive Superintendent of the NGR on 1 July 1893, rebuilt one of the Stephenson batch of 1882, number 21, to a 4-6-4T wheel arrangement for use in shuttle service on the South Coast line. At the time there were no turntables or triangles available on this line and the modification was made to enable the locomotive to run equally well in either direction. The NGR later renumbered this locomotive to 39, but it remained known as a K&S type in NGR service until a classification system was introduced at some stage between 1904 and 1908 and it was designated the NGR Class H.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

The rebuilding into the first known 4-6-4T Baltic locomotive in the world resulted in a heavier locomotive, with its weight increased from 29.1 long tons (29.6 tonnes) to 33.1 long tons (33.6 tonnes). It had an 8 feet 11 inches (2.718 metres) longer wheelbase and was 5 feet 4 ¹⁄₂ inches (1.638 metres) longer over the buffers. A larger coal bunker increased its fuel carrying capacity from 1 long ton (1.0 tonne) to 2 long tons (2.0 tonnes) and larger water tanks increased its capacity from 700 to 1,130 imperial gallons (3,200 to 5,100 litres). The operating pressure of its boiler was reduced from 175 to 145 pounds per square inch (1,210 to 1,000 kilopascals).^[2]

Renumbering

The Union of South Africa was established on 31 May 1910, in terms of the South Africa Act. One of the clauses in the Act required that the three Colonial Government railways, the Cape Government Railways, the NGR and the Central South African Railways, also be united under one single administration to control and administer the railways, ports and harbours of the Union. While the South African Railways (SAR) came into existence in 1910, the actual classification and renumbering of all the rolling stock of the three constituent railways required careful planning and was only implemented with effect from 1 January 1912.^[1]^[6]

In 1912 this locomotive became the sole Class C2 on the SAR and was renumbered 86.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Service

The Class C2 remained in use on branchline work on the South Coast line and was later relegated to shunting work until it was withdrawn from service in 1931.^[3]

Gallery

SAR Class C2 no. 86, ex NGR Class H no. 21, renumbered 39, as depicted on a SAR Museum playing card

References

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South African Class C2 (4-6-4T)

↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer’s Office, Pretoria, January 1912, pp. 7, 11, 13, 20 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways, Volume 1: 1859-1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 87–89. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 10–11, 28–29. ISBN 0869772112.
↑ The Railway Report for year ending 31 Dec. 1908, Natal Government Railways, p. 39, par 14.
↑ NGR appointment dates - W. Milne & G.W. Reid
↑ The South African Railways - Historical Survey. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, p. 25.

Locomotives of South Africa

Steam

Brunel gauge	HBEL 0-4-0 HBTB 0-4-0T HBTB 0-4-0WT HBTB 0-4-0ST

Broad gauge	CGR Aid CGR Blackie CGR 0-4-2 CGR 2-4-0T NRC Durban NRC Natal NRC Perseverance

Cape gauge Tank	CGR Coffee Pot CGR 040 1873 CGR 040 1874 CGR 060 1876 CGR 060 1902 CGR 260 1900 CGR 260 1902 CGR 1st 040 1875 CGR 1st 440 1875 CGR 1st 040 1876 CGR 1st 260 1876 CGR 2nd 1882 CGR 3rd 1900 CGR RM CSAR C CSAR E CSAR Rack CSAR RM Dbn Congella Dbn Edward Innes Dbn John Milne Dbn Sir Albert HBPE 040 Kowie 060 Kowie 440 M&S 462 NGR Dbn & Pmb NGR I 262 NGR K 040 NGR K 060 NGR K 260 NZASM 10T NZASM 14T NZASM 18T NZASM 19T NZASM 32T NZASM 40T PPR 26T PPR 35T SAR RM SAR 0-4-0ST SAR 040 69 SAR A SAR B SAR C SAR C1 SAR C2 SAR D SAR E SAR F SAR G SAR H SAR H1 SAR H2 SAR J SAR K SWA 2-8-0T

Cape gauge Tender	CGR 1st 260 1876 BP CGR 1st 260 1876 K CGR 1st 260 1879 CGR 1st 440 1879 CGR 1st 1881 CGR 1st 1891 CGR 2nd 1875 CGR 3rd 1883 CGR 3rd 1884 CGR 3rd 1889 CGR 3rd 1898 CGR 3rd 1901 CGR 3rd 1903 CGR 4th 1880 CGR 4th 1882 CGR 4th 1884 CGR 4th 1897 CGR 5th 1890 CGR 5th 1891 NGR Havelock NGR I 260 Exp-1 Exp-2 Exp-3 Exp-4 Exp-5 Exp-6 SAR S SAR S1 SAR S2 SAR 1 SAR 1A SAR 1B SAR 2 SAR 2C SAR 3 SAR 3A SAR 3B SAR 4 SAR 4A SAR 5 SAR 5A SAR 5B SAR 6 SAR 6A SAR 6B SAR 6C SAR 6D SAR 6E SAR 6F SAR 6G SAR 6H SAR 6J SAR 6K SAR 6L SAR 6Y SAR 6Z SAR 7 SAR 7A SAR 7B SAR 7C SAR 7D SAR 7E SAR 7F SAR 8 SAR 8A SAR 8B SAR 8C SAR 8D SAR 8E SAR 8F SAR 8X SAR 8Y SAR 8Z SAR 9 SAR 10 SAR 10A SAR 10B SAR 10C SAR 10D SAR 11 SAR 12 SAR 12A SAR 12B SAR 13 SAR 14 SAR 14A SAR 14B SAR 14C SAR 15 SAR 15A SAR 15B SAR 15C SAR 15CA SAR 15E SAR 15F SAR 16 SAR 16A SAR 16B SAR 16C SAR 16D SAR 16DA SAR 16E SAR 17 SAR 18 SAR 19 SAR 19A SAR 19B SAR 19C SAR 19D SAR 20 SAR 21 SAR 23 SAR 24 SAR 25 SAR 25NC SAR 26 SWA 2-8-0

Cape gauge Articulated	CGR Fairlie CGR Kitson-Meyer SAR FC SAR FD SAR GA SAR GB SAR GC SAR GCA SAR GD SAR GDA SAR GE SAR GEA SAR GF SAR GG SAR GH SAR GK SAR GL SAR GM SAR GMA SAR GO SAR HF SAR KM SAR MA SAR MB SAR MC SAR MC1 SAR MD SAR ME SAR MF SAR MG SAR MH SAR MJ SAR MJ1 SAR U

2ft 6in gauge	CCC 1871 CCC Britannia CCC Caledonia CCC Clara CCC Condenser CCC Scotia NCC Pioneer

2ft & 600mm gauges	ACR NG-G16A CGR NG 060 CGR NG 462 CGR A CGR C NGR N SAR 040 1899 SAR NG1 SAR NG2 SAR NG3 SAR NG4 SAR NG5 SAR NG6 SAR NG7 SAR NG8 SAR NG9 SAR NG10 SAR NG-G11 SAR NG-G12 SAR NG-G13 SAR NG-G14 SAR NG15 SAR NG-G16 SWA Ha SWA Hb SWA Hc SWA Hd SWA Jung SWA Zwillinge

Diesel

-electric	SAR DS SAR DS1 SAR 31-000 SAR 32-000 SAR 32-200 SAR 33-000 SAR 33-200 SAR 33-400 SAR 34-000 SAR 34-200 SAR 34-400 SAR 34-500 SAR 34-600 SAR 34-800 SAR 34-900 SAR 35-000 SAR 35-200 SAR 35-400 SAR 35-600 SAR 36-000 SAR 36-200 SAR 37-000 SN 39-000 TFR 39-200 TFR 43-000 SAR 91-000 Afro4000

-hydraulic	SAR 61-000

Electro-diesel

SN 38-000

Electric