Soo Line Railroad

Soo Line Railroad
Map of the Soo Line Railroad, with post-1961 Soo trackage still operated in red, former Milwaukee Road trackage now operated by Soo in blue, and former Soo trackage spun off to Wisconsin Central Ltd. (now part of the Canadian National Railway) in green; Dotted blue lines are abandoned
Reporting mark	SOO
Locale	North Dakota to Michigan via Chicago
Dates of operation	1961–2000 (Under Independent Operation)
Track gauge	4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Headquarters	Minneapolis, Minnesota[1]

The Soo Line Railroad (reporting mark SOO) is the primary United States railroad subsidiary of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CP), controlled through the Soo Line Corporation, and one of seven U.S. Class I railroads. Although it is named for the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad (MStP&SSM), which was commonly known as the Soo Line after the phonetic spelling of Sault, it was formed in 1961 by the consolidation of that company with two other CP subsidiaries, the Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Railroad and Wisconsin Central Railroad. It is also the successor to other Class I railroads, including the Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway (acquired 1982) and Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (Milwaukee Road, acquired at bankruptcy in 1985). On the other hand, a large amount of mileage was spun off in 1987 to Wisconsin Central Ltd., now part of the Canadian National Railway. The Soo Line and the Delaware and Hudson Railway, the CP's other major subsidiary (before the 2008 DM&E acquisition), presently do business as the Canadian Pacific Railway, and most equipment has been repainted into the CP's scheme, but the U.S. Surface Transportation Board groups all CP's U.S. subsidiaries under the Soo Line name for reporting purposes.^[1]

System description

The company's main line begins at Portal, North Dakota on the Canadian border, and extends southeast along former MStP&SSM trackage to the Twin Cities (Minneapolis-St. Paul). Ex-Milwaukee Road trackage takes the Soo Line from the Twin Cities to Chicago via Milwaukee. Between Chicago and Detroit, where the CP-owned Detroit River Tunnel connects back into Canada, the Soo Line has trackage rights over the Norfolk Southern Railway and haulage rights over CSX Transportation.

Major branches include a connection from the border at Noyes to Glenwood, Minnesota and, until it was sold to the Indiana Rail Road in 2006, a line from Chicago to Louisville, Kentucky.

Through trackage rights over the BNSF Railway, the Soo Line also serves Duluth from the Twin Cities.^[2]

At the end of 1970, the railroad operated 4693 miles of road on 6104 miles of track; that year it reported 8249 million ton-miles of revenue freight and no passengers.

History

Soo Line 6022, an EMD SD60, pulls a train through Wisconsin Dells, WI, June 20, 2004.

Present Soo Line Railroad Companys was actually incorporated October 19, 1949 in Minnesota as the Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Railroad, as part of the plan for reorganizing the Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Railway and subsidiary Mineral Range Railroad. When CP consolidated several subsidiaries on January 1, 1961, it used this company to merge the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad and Wisconsin Central Railroad into, and renamed it to the present name, Soo Line Railroad. The Soo Line gained control of the Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway (MN&S), a Twin Cities-area short line, in June 1982.^[3]

Passenger service was mostly eliminated by the 1961 merger, but several trains remained for a few more years. These were a Saint Paul to Duluth daytime train known only as Trains 62 and 63 (discontinued June 1961);^[4] the overnight Chicago to Duluth Laker and its Saint Paul connection (both discontinued January 15, 1965);^[5] the Twin Cities to Winnipeg Winnipeger (discontinued March 25, 1967);^[5] and the Saint Paul to Portal, North Dakota Soo-Dominion that during the summer, ran through to Vancouver via a connection with Canadian Pacific Railway's The Dominion at Moose Jaw. It was discontinued in December 1963,^[6] and the western Canada cars were handled on the Winnipeger for two more summers before they too were pulled. The Soo Line's last passenger train was the Copper Country Limited, a joint service with the Milwaukee Road inherited from the Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic. This Chicago-Champion-Calumet service was discontinued May 8, 1968.^[5] In addition there were several mixed trains, with additional ones created to enable the discontinuance of the Saint Paul to Portal passenger train. Some mixed train services gained notoriety because passengers were conveyed in one direction only.

Soo Line boxcar, seen in 2010.

In 1984, CP incorporated the Soo Line Corporation in Minnesota as a holding company, exchanging stock in December to give the Soo Line Corporation total control over the railroad. Two months later, on February 19, 1985, the Soo Line purchased the property of the bankrupt Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad and assigned it to a newly created subsidiary, The Milwaukee Road, Inc. This company and the Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway were both merged into the Soo Line Railroad effective January 1, 1986. To cut costs, the Soo Line created the Lake States Transportation Division (LSTD) on February 10, 1986^[7] to operate the less-important lines, including the ex-Wisconsin Central line between Chicago and the Twin Cities. Unable to implement its proposed labor rule changes, the Soo Line sold the approximately 2,000-mile (3,200 km) LSTD to a new regional railroad, Wisconsin Central Ltd., in 1987 for $133 million.^[8] In 1990, CP gained full control of the Soo Line Corporation, of which it had previously owned about 56% of the common stock.^[3] In the 2000s, Soo line was consolidated into CP. Only few Soo locomotives remain in their original scheme. Most have been repainted into CP or scrapped.

Presidents

The Presidents of the Soo Line Railroad were:^[9]

• Leonard H. Murray, 1961–1978. Previously President of the Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Railroad and graduate of the University of Minnesota Law School.^[10]
• Thomas M. Beckley, 1978–1983.
• Dennis Miles Cavanaugh, 1983–1986, 1987–1989.
• Robert C. Gilmore, 1986–1987.
• Edwin V. Dodge, 1989–1996

Preserved equipment

Some of the railroad's diesel locomotives have been preserved:

• Soo 700, an EMD GP30, at the Lake Superior Railroad Museum, Duluth. Restored for use on their North Shore Scenic Railroad.
• Soo 703, an EMD GP30, at the Colfax Railroad Museum, Colfax, Wisconsin.
• Soo 715, an EMD GP30, is preserved at the National Railroad Museum in Green Bay, Wisconsin.
• Soo 500, an EMD FP7, at Ladysmith, Wisconsin.
• Soo 2500, an EMD FP7, at the Lake Superior Railroad Museum, Duluth. Also restored for use on their North Shore Scenic Railroad.

In addition, a number of the railroad's 145 steel cabooses have been preserved.

References