Sironidae

Sironidae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Opiliones
Suborder:	Cyphophthalmi
Superfamily:	Sironoidea
Family:	Sironidae Simon, 1879
Diversity
8 genera, > 30 species
Synonyms
Sironides

The Sironidae are a family of harvestmen with more than 30 described species.

The family shows a Laurasian distribution, with most species found in temperate Europe and the west coast of North America. The only exception is Suzukielus sauteri from Japan.^[1]

Name

Siro is the Latinized form of the French name "Ciron".^[1]

Species

• Cyphophthalmus (mostly Balkan)

• Cyphophtalmus duricorius Joseph, 1868 (Austria, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Italy)

• Cyphophtalmus duricorius bithynicus (Gruber, 1973) (Turkey: Bursa)
• Cyphophtalmus duricorius bolei (Hadzi, 1973) (Montenegro)
• Cyphophtalmus duricorius corfuanus <small(>Kratochvíl, 1937) (Greece: Corfu)
• Cyphophtalmus duricorius yalovensis (Gruber, 1973) (Turkey: Yalova)

• Cyphophtalmus eratoae Juberthie, 1968 (Greece)
• Cyphophthalmus ere Karaman, 2007 (Serbia)
• Cyphophthalmus gjorgjevici (Hadzi, 1933) (Republic of Macedonia)
• Cyphophthalmus klisurae (Hadzi, 1973) (cave near Klisura, Serbia)
• Cyphophthalmus markoi Karaman, 2007 (Republic of Macedonia)
• Cyphophthalmus minutus Kratochvíl, 1937 (Croatia, cave)
• Cyphophthalmus montenegrinus Hadzi, 1973 (Montenegro)
• Cyphophthalmus noctiphilus Kratochvíl, 1940 (Croatia: cave Vranjaca)
• Cyphophthalmus nonveilleri Karaman, 2007 (Serbia, cave)
• Cyphophthalmus ohridanus Hadzi, 1973 (Republic of Macedonia, cave)
• Cyphophthalmus serbicus Hadzi, 1973 (karstic region of east and central Serbia)
• Cyphophthalmus silhavyi Kratochvíl, 1937 (Croatia, cave)
• Cyphophthalmus teyrovskyi Kratochvíl, 1937 (Croatia, cave)

• Iberosiro (Portugal, cave)

• Iberosiro distylos de Bivort, 2004

• Odontosiro Juberthie, 1961 (Portugal, Spain)

• Odontosiro lusitanicus Juberthie, 1961

• Paramiopsalis Juberthie, 1962 (Portugal, Spain)

• Paramiopsalis ramulosus Juberthie, 1962

• Parasiro Hansen & Sørensen, 1904

• Parasiro coiffaiti Juberthie, 1956 (Spain, France)
• Parasiro corsicus (Simon, 1872) (Corsica)
• Parasiro minor Juberthie, 1958 (Italy, Corsica)

• Siro Latreille, 1796 (western Europe, North America)

• Siro acaroides (Ewing, 1923) (US west coast: Washington, Oregon, California)
• Siro beschkovi Mitov, 1994 (Bulgaria)
• Siro boyerae Giribet & Shear (not yet published)^[2] (Washington, Oregon)
• Siro calaveras Giribet & Shear (not yet published) (California)
• Siro carpaticus Rafalski, 1956 (Poland, Slovakia)
• Siro crassus Novak & Giribet, 2006 (Slovenia)^[3]
• Siro exilis Hoffman, 1963 (US east coast: Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland)
• Siro kamiakensis (Newell, 1943) (Washington, Idaho)
• † Siro platypedibus Dunlop & Giribet, 2004 (fossil, Tertiary amber from Bitterfeld, Germany)
• Siro rubens Latreille, 1804 (France)
• Siro shasta Giribet & Shear (not yet published) (California)
• Siro sonoma Shear, 1980 (Northern California)
• Siro valleorum Chemini, 1990 (Italy)

• Suzukielus Juberthie, 1970 (Japan)

• Suzukielus sauteri (Roewer, 1916)

• Tranteeva (Bulgaria)

• Tranteeva paradoxa Kratochvíl, 1958

The following genus is no longer included in Sironidae, but also not yet included in any new family:

• Marwe Shear, 1985 (Kenya)

• Marwe coarctata Shear, 1985

Footnotes

References

• Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog: Sironidae
• Checklist of the Cyphophthalmi species of the World
• Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G. (eds.) (2007): Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press ISBN 0-674-02343-9

Further reading

• Boyer, Sarah L.; Karaman, Ivo & Giribet, Gonzalo (2005): The genus Cyphophthalmus (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi) in Europe: A phylogenetic approach to Balkan Peninsula biogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36(3): 554-567. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.004

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