Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures

Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures

First edition of Science and Health (1875)
Author Mary Baker Eddy
Country United States
Language English
Publication date
 1875
Media type Print

Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures is the central text of the Christian Science religion. Mary Baker Eddy described it as her "most important work."[1] She began writing it in February 1872[2] and the first edition was published in 1875.

Précis

The scientific statement of being

There is no life, truth, intelligence, nor substance in matter. All is infinite Mind and its infinite manifestation, for God is All-in-all. Spirit is immortal Truth; matter is mortal error. Spirit is the real and eternal; matter is the unreal and temporal. Spirit is God, and man is His image and likeness. Therefore man is not material; he is spiritual.

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"God is All-in all." "God is good." [4]"God is Mind, and God is infinite; hence all is Mind."[5] Christian Science develops its theology and its healing method from these simple, yet radical statements. The conclusions are that we are all perfect spiritual ideas of the one divine Mind, and manifest Spirit, not a material body. The five physical senses, which take no account of Spirit, are the origin of all false beliefs. Sickness is just a belief, not a property of matter, and it must be annihilated by the understanding of the divine Mind. Praying from this standpoint removes the belief and brings healing. This proves that this Science is correct, and that one has understood it.

Structure

The latest edition of the book consists of a short preface, the main section, "Key to the Scriptures", and Fruitage. Some editions include a word index.

Main section

The main section is 500 pages long and comprises chapters titled

Key to the Scriptures

This section is 200 pages long, and comprises

Fruitage

The last 100 pages consist of 84 testimonials of the healing power derived from reading the text in Science and Health. There are descriptions of addiction, asthma, broken bone, cataract, cancer, deafness, eczema, a fibroid tumor, and rheumatism.

Copyright

1875–1934

The first edition was copyrighted in 1875[1][6] and went through more than four hundred revisions[7] before Eddy's death in 1910. The copyright for Science and Health went through several renewals including a posthumous renewal in 1934 by the Christian Science Board of Directors.[6]

1971 to date

At the request of the Christian Science Board of Directors, in December 1971 Congress passed a law [8] extending the copyright on Science and Health by 75 years.[9][10] However, following a legal suit brought by David James Nolan and Lucile J. Place of United Christian Scientists, the copyright extension was found unconstitutional in 1985 by Federal District Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson.[11] In 1987 the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia upheld the ruling of the district court.[12] As a result, Science and Health has been in the public domain since 1987.

Editions

The Bible (left) and Science and Health (right)

The first edition was printed by W F Brown & Co. Their invoice for 1000 copies, dated 30 October 1875, was made out to Geo. M Barry and Edward Hitchins for $2285.35. It consisted of 456 pages, plus 2 pages of errata. Unfortunately there were hundreds of typographic errors, some because the printer, not understanding the author's meaning, had tried to correct the wording without consulting her. The second edition, printed by Rand, Avery & Co, appeared in 1878, with 167 pages of new material. It was called "Science and Health Volume 2" to indicate that it was a supplement to the first edition, but it, too, was full of typographic errors. However the third edition, printed by John Wilson at the University Press in Cambridge was of a high standard. Twelve further two-volume editions followed, before the 16th edition appeared as a single volume in 1886. This edition of the book had 552 pages, plus an index of 38 pages, and "with Key to the Scriptures" had been added to the title. Mrs Eddy remained loyal to the University Press for the rest of her life, and in 1897 even made a substantial investment to save it from bankruptcy.[2]

Mrs Eddy closed her college and left Boston in 1889, in order to revise the text for the 50th edition (1891). This consisted of 578 pages plus a 73 page index, and for the first time included marginal headings. The 226th "thousand" (edition) appeared in 1902, and this included "Fruitage," making up the page count of 700 pages which remains to this day. The last numbered edition was the 418th, which appeared in 1906, but further changes were made right up until 1910.[2]

The German translation appeared in 1912. At Mrs. Eddy's insistence, the English text of each page was printed opposite the German translation. The same format was kept for the subsequent versions in other languages: Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, Greek, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish and Swedish.

During the 1990s, a trade edition was released which included an index and a banner headline "More than 10 million copies sold." This edition was intended for marketing through ordinary booksellers.

Summary

Science and Health encapsulates the teachings of Christian Science and Christian Scientists often call it their "textbook." At Sunday services, passages from the book are read along with passages from the Bible. Eddy called the two books Christian Science's "dual and impersonal pastor."[13]

Resources

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Eddy, Mary Baker (1892). Retrospection and Introspection. Christian Science Publishing Society. pp. 24, 37. ISBN 1-4219-6314-0.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Orcutt, William Dana (1950). Mary Baker Eddy and her books. Christian Science Publishing Society. pp. 16, 19.
  3. ↑ Eddy, Mary Baker (1910) Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures, p. 468.
  4. ↑ Eddy. Science and Health. p. 114.
  5. ↑ Eddy. Science and Health. p. 492.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Eddy, 1906: p. ii.
  7. ↑ Brosang, 1990: p. 6.
  8. ↑ Private Law 92-60, AN ACT For the relief of Clayton Bion Craig, Arthur P. Wuth, Mrs. Lenore D. Hanks, David E. Sleeper, and DeWitt John
  9. ↑ UPI (Dec 11, 1971). "Senate Gives Scientists 75-Year Text Extension". St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved Oct 3, 2014.
  10. ↑ U.S. Copyright Office (n.d.). "Chapter 31 Duration of Copyright". Library of Congress. Retrieved Oct 3, 2014.
  11. ↑ Staff reporter (Aug 22, 1985). "Christian Scientists fight over founder's book". Boca Raton News. Retrieved Oct 3, 2014.
  12. ↑ AP (Sep 23, 1987). "Christian Science Text's Copyright Is Ruled Illegal by Appeals Court". New York Times. Retrieved Oct 3, 2014. The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia said the law giving the church a copyright to all editions of "Science and Health With Key to the Scriptures" was unconstitutional because it "offends the fundamental principles of separation of church and state.
  13. ↑ Eddy, Mary Baker (1896). Miscellaneous Writings: 1886-1896. Christian Science Publishing Society. pp. 322:10. ISBN 0-87952-040-X.

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