San Marcos Pass

San Marcos Pass
Elevation 2,225 ft (678 m)
Traversed by State Route 154
Location Santa Barbara County, California, United States
Range Santa Ynez Mountains
Coordinates 34°30′42″N 119°49′29″W / 34.51167°N 119.82472°W

San Marcos Pass (el. 2,225 ft. / 678 m) is a mountain pass in the Santa Ynez Mountains in California.

It is traversed by State Route 154. The pass connects Los Olivos and the Santa Ynez Valley with Santa Barbara, California. The road has been designated as a daylight-headlight highway by the California Highway Patrol and Caltrans because of frequent accidents, particularly around the exit for Lake Cachuma.

Geography

The pass is one of three passages across the steep Santa Ynez Mountains, and the nearest to Santa Barbara. The Painted Cave community and Laurel Springs Ranch near Chumash Painted Cave SHP is four miles east of San Marcos Pass via East Camino Cielo Road, which intersects with SR 154 right at the summit.

"Battle" of Fremont's Pass

No shots were fired during this "battle", which consisted solely of John C. Frémont's California Battalion crossing the mountains via San Marcos Pass on the night of December 24, 1846. At that time the Pass was only a path, and a rough one at that. It was a rainy night, and while Frémont's battalion had lost 150 horses and mules from sliding down the muddy slopes during the crossing, the exhausted men were able to reach the Goleta Valley foothills by the next morning, where they camped for two days. On December 27, 1846, they entered into Santa Barbara and ran up the Stars and Stripes at the Thompson Adobe (now 809-811 State Street). No force defended the town: all local men had gone to Los Angeles earlier that week to join the forces under Captain Flores and General Andrés Pico. These forces surrendered to the Fremont on January 13, 1847, a little more than two weeks later, at Cahuenga Pass near Los Angeles.[1]

A California Historical Landmark marker commemorates the "battle", but is instead located at Gaviota Pass, where the Mexicans were waiting to ambush Fremont, expecting he would go through there instead of the San Marcos Pass.[2]

A local Army National Guard center is named after Frémont, in recognition of his capturing Santa Barbara and making it part of the United States.

The local legend of "Fremont's Cannon" derives from this battle.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Tompkins, p. 33-35
  2. ↑ "Gaviota Pass". Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks. Retrieved July 10, 2013. Here, on Christmas Day, 1846, natives and soldiers from the Presidio of Santa Barbara lay in ambush for Lieutenant Colonel John C. Frémont ... [he] learned of the plot and ... came instead over the San Marcos Pass to capture Santa Barbara

External links