San Antonio de Padua Parish Church (Pila)
| Pila Church | |
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San Antonio de Padua Parish Church Diocesan Shrine of San Antonio de Padua | |
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Facade of the first Antonine Church in the Philippines | |
.svg.png)  Pila Church Republic of the Philippines | |
| 14°14′01″N 121°21′52″E / 14.233731°N 121.364514°ECoordinates: 14°14′01″N 121°21′52″E / 14.233731°N 121.364514°E | |
| Location | Poblacion, Pila, Laguna |
| Country | Philippines |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| History | |
| Founded | 1578 |
| Founder(s) | Fr. Juan de Plasencia and Fr. Diego de Oropesa |
| Dedication | St. Anthony of Padua |
| Dedicated | 1581 (as Parish) |
| Architecture | |
| Status | Diocesan Shrine and Parish church (2002) |
| Functional status | Active |
| Architectural type | Church building |
| Style | Baroque |
| Completed | 1849 |
| Specifications | |
| Materials | Sand, gravel, cement, and bricks |
| Administration | |
| Archdiocese | Manila |
| Diocese | San Pablo |
| Province | Manila |
| Clergy | |
| Archbishop | Luis Antonio Tagle |
| Bishop(s) | Buenaventura M. Famadico |
| Priest(s) | Edwin D. Lusterio |
The Church of Pila also known as the San Antonio de Padua Parish Church designated as the Diocesan Shrine of San Antonio de Padua (Filipino: Pandiyosesis na Dambana ni San Antonio de Padua) of the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Pablo is a church dedicated to St. Anthony of Padua in the Philippines in 1578 and the first Antonine parish church in the Philippines in 1581 and probably in Asia.[1] In 1606, the Franciscans put up the second printing press of the Philippines under the supervision of Tomás Pinpín and Domingo Loag.[2] Its titular is St. Anthony of Padua whose feast is celebrated every June 13. The current parish priest is Father Edwin D. Lusterio.[3]
History
Establishment of a Parish and the first stone Church
The first missionaries in Pila were Augustinians who administered their missions from Bay.[4] The Franciscans then started to evangelize the townsmen of Pila through Fray Juán Portocarrero de Plasencia and Fray Diego de Oropesa de San José (known as the Apostles of Laguna and Tayabas[1]) in 1578.[2][5] They started to established "Villa de Pila" and soon built a church dedicated to St. Anthony of Padua made of cane.[6] From being a reducción, Pila was elevated to a parish on the feast of its titular on June 13, 1581, with Fray Oropesa as its pastor (parish priest) until 1583.[1] With its establishment, Pila became the first church dedicated to St. Anthony in the country.[7] The Spanish authorities gave the Pila the title, La Noble Villa de Pila due to the nobleness of its inhabitant. In 1599, permission was given by the Superior Gobierno to make it out of stone.[6] In 1617, the said Church and rectory of stone was finished in Pagalangan (place of reverence).[6] It took 18 years for the first stone church to be finished. The church was described by the Alcalde Mayor Don José Peláez, father of Padre Pedro Pablo Peláez, the leader of the secularization movement in the 19th century as “the most beautiful church in the province of Laguna”.
Start of a Printing Press
The Franciscans established the second printing press in the Philippines in 1606.[2] The first Tagalog dictionary Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala by the local pastor Fray Pedro de San Buenaventura was printed here in 1613 by Tomás Pinpín and Domingo Loag. The dictionary was used to facilitate the evangelization of the Tagalog region.
Infirmary at Pila
A hospital or infirmary (enfermería) of the male Franciscan religious from Lumban was transferred to Pila from the year 1618 until 1673 before its transfer again to the town of Santa Cruz.[8] At Pila's infirmary, around 75 Franciscan missionaries retired and died here and were buried at the local cemetery. These included Fray Miguel de Talavera (died 1622), a prolific writer in Tagalog, and Fray Blás de la Madre de Diós (died 1626), ex-provincial and author of the earliest Flora de Filipinas, Manila Archbishop Fernando Montero de Espinosa, newly arrived from Madrid, also died here in 1644 on his way to take possession of his see.
Third Oldest Bell in the Philippines
The oldest surviving church bell of Pila was cast on the centenary of the parish in 1681 with the Franciscan emblem and the inscription “San Antonio de Pila.” It survived from the British invaders in 1762 when the people of Pila submerged it in Laguna de Bay facing the church. It is now the third oldest church bell in the Philippines[7] and the oldest church bell dedicated to St. Anthony of Padua. When a new stone belfry was built in 1890, the parish recast an undated old bell in honor of St. Anthony in 1893.[1] Today, the oldest bell of Pila can be found at the church convent.
Transfer of the Church of Pila
Due to flooding in Pagalangan (today's Victoria), the church and rectory were demolished and transferred to its current site in Sta. Clara in 1800.[6] The land where the Pila Church and Municipal Hall of Pila stands is donated by Don Felizardo Rivera, the recognized founder of Pila and the existing edifice was constructed under the direction of the Fray Antonio de Argobejo and Fray Domingo de Valencia, the town contributing for it.[1] Due to controversies surrounding the transfer of the church, the relocation took almost two decades to complete.[1]
Filipino seculars serving Pila
From 1812 to 1835, Filipino secular priests served as acting pastors of Pila due to a shortage of Franciscan priests.[1] These includes Fray Lorenzo Samaniego (1812–1816); Pedro de los Santos (1816–1819); Pedro Alcántara (1819–1826); and Rudecindo Aquino (1826–1835).[4] The present church and convent was built in 1849 by Fathers Antonio Argobejo and Domingo de Valencia.[7] Both structure were badly damaged during the 1880 earthquake where the church's bell tower toppled. Repairs of the bell tower was reconstructed under by Father Damaso Bolanos and finished by Father Francisco de Santa Olalia. Its belltower was again rebuilt by Father Lope Toledo.[9] The present rectory or convent (casa parroquial) is also made of stone, constructed under the direction of the Father Benito del Quintanar (the longest serving parish priest of Pila) around 1840 until 1849.[6] Father Quitanar also ordered the prayer-poem in Latin to be inscribed in a rectangular stone tablet over the main gate of the convent:
- “Fave, Protege, Custod., 'Bened. Que S.e Antoni: 'Domui Istam Novam. 'Quam Tibi Dedicavi.”
- St. Anthony, look with favor on, protect, guard and bless this new house which is dedicated to you.
Fray Benito also started the Archicofradía del Nuestro Señor Padre San Francisco which was next in rank to the Venerable Orden Tercera (VOT) of the Franciscan Order. The religious festival of Flores de Mayo, for which Pila is now well known, was introduced in 1888 by Fray Benito de los Infantes and brought to the fore the deep Marian devotion in the parish.
In 1855, plans for a concrete belfry were drawn by the local architect and builder, Maestro Sebastián Bade and was built after the 1863 earthquake.
The 1896 Revolution and American Occupation
From being a calm town, Pila including the parish was rent asunder from 1896 during the Spanish revolution until the American occupation in 1902 where attempts of take over and reorganization of the government happened. American soldiers used the belfry and convent of Pila church for more than a year. At this time, church properties were destroyed and looted.
The first monument to the Sacred Heart of Jesus in the province of Laguna was inaugurated at the Pila Plaza during the town fiesta in 1922. It was donated by the president of the Apostolado de la Oración, Doña Concepción Diaz.[4]
The 20th century Pila Church and conferment as a Diocesan Shrine
During the second World War, the town including its church was miraculously spared from the bombings unlike its neighboring towns of Santa Cruz and Pagsanjan.[10] Since the beginning of the 20th century, Filipino pastors have been serving the faithful of Pila. The parish was transferred from the Archdiocese of Manila to the Diocese of Lipá when the latter was erected in 1910 and finally, to the newly established Diocese of San Pablo in 1966.
The Roman Catholic Diocese of San Pablo dedicated the Parish church of Pila as the Diocesan Shrine of San Antonio de Padua on July 9, 2002. It was led by Most Reverend Francisco San Diego, DD, former Bishop of San Pablo in the presence of His Eminence Ricardo Cardinal Vidal. The church was given such honor due to a large number of devotees seeking intercession of St. Anthony of Padua from nearby towns and cities and provinces.
Architectural features
The church has a three leveled facade with classical Doric columns. At the pediment is a niche reserved for the town's patron, St. Anthony. Windows of the choir loft can be seen at the second level while niches for the statues of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the Immaculate Heart of Mary are found at the lowest level. The semicircular arched doorway has the Franciscan seal on top. On the right side of the church is the convent, now used as a school building for Liceo de Pila while a square based octagonal bell tower is on the left side.[7]
Pila Historical Town
The church complex of San Antonio de Padua is part of the Pila Historic Town Center[11] together with the town center of Pila, and 35 old houses and buildings which was proclaimed as a National Historical Landmark by the National Historical Institute (NHI, now National Historical Commission of the Philippines) on May 17, 2000, by NHI Resolution no. 2, series of 2000. [12]The recognition lauds the well-preserved Spanish era houses and the town layout.[10]
Notable Religious from Pila
- Sor Assumpta (the former Miss Magdalena Alava y Bartolome) Sor Consuelo, OSB (the former Miss Milagros Relova y Rivera), the first nuns from Pila who joined the “Pink Sisters” of the Perpetual Adoration and the Benedictine order respectively in 1932
- Father Félix Codera, first priest from Pila. He was ordained in 1938
- His Eminence, Ricardo Cardinal Vidal, Archbishop-Emeritus of Cebu
In popular culture
The church of Pila was featured on The Amazing Race Asia 2 in 2007 and in the daytime television drama of ABS-CBN, Be Careful with my Heart.[10]
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Santiago, Luciano. "The Shrine of San Antonio de Padua in Pila, Laguna". Retrieved June 15, 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Toribio Medina, Jose. Historia de la imprenta en los antiguos dominios españoles de América y Oceanía.
- ↑ "General Reshuffle: Diocese of San Pablo". The Roman Catholic Diocese of San Pablo. Archived from the original on 3 May 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2014.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Santiago, p. 249-286
- ↑ Huerta 1865, p. 119
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Huerta 1865, p. 120
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "Bells of St. Francis". OFM Philippines Archives. Order of Friar Minors in the Philippines. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
- ↑ Huerta 1865, p. 121
- ↑ "With One's Past - Visita Iglesia". Retrieved June 15, 2014.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Castillo, Alexandra (April 8, 2014). "7 Churches, 1 Day: Explore Laguna, Visita Iglesia 2014". Retrieved August 27, 2014.
- ↑ Calleja, Niña Catherine (December 27, 2007). "Pila a historical landmark that withstood war, time". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 15, 2014.
- ↑ "Resolution No. 2, s. 2000 Declaring the Town Center of Pila in Laguna as a National Historical Landmark" (PDF). National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Retrieved October 15, 2014.
Bibliography
- Santiago, Luciano. "Sinaunang Pila: Mula Pailah sa Pinagbayanan hanggang Pagalangan" (PDF). Ang Saysay ng Inskripsyon sa Binatbat na Tanso ng Laguna. Bagong Kasaysayan, Inc. pp. 249–286.
- Huerta, Felix de (1865). Estado geográfico, topográfico, estadístico, histórico-religioso: de la santa y apostólica provincia de S. Gregorio Magno, de religiosos Menores descalzos de la regular y más estrecha observancia de N.S.P.S. Francisco, en las Islas Filipinas: comprende el número de religiosos, conventos, pueblos, situación de estos, años de su fundación, tributos, almas, producciones, industrias, cosas y casos especiales de su administración espiritual, en el archipiélago filipino, desde su fundación en el año de 1577 hasta el de 1865 [Geographical, topographical, statistical, historical and religious state of the holy and apostolic province of S. Gregorio Magno] (in Spanish). Binondo: Imprenta de M. Sanchez y Ca.
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