Salta (game)

Salta is two-player abstract strategy board game invented by Konrad Heinrich Büttgenbach in 1899 in Germany. Büttgenbach (1870–1939) was born in Heerdt, near Düsseldorf, Germany. The game attained its highest popularity in the early 1900s before World War I especially in France and Germany. The World Trade Fair of 1900 in Paris exhibited a Salta board made of mahogany with golden counters adorned with more than 5,000 diamonds. Famous players were the US chess master Frank Marshall, the German World Chess Champion Emanuel Lasker, and the French actress Sarah Bernhardt (the "Divine").

Salta means "jump" in Italian or Latin. The game is related to Halma, Chinese Checkers, and Conspirateurs. Players attempt to jump over pieces without capturing them, and be first to advance their pieces to the other player's side. Salta is played on a Continental Checker board with 10x10 chequered squares. One player has green markings on white pieces, and the other player has red markings on black pieces.

Salta should not be confused with El Asalto or The Assault or Salto which is a member of the Fox games.

Goal

The player that can first bring each of their pieces seven rows forward is the winner. The pieces must retain their original order in each row.

Equipment

A 10x10 chequered square board is used as in a Continental Checker board. Each player has 15 pieces that are initially lined up on the dark squares of the first three ranks of each player's side. The five pieces on the first rank are called stars, and are marked with one to five stars in ascending order from left to right. The five pieces on the second rank are called moons, and are marked with one to five moons in ascending order from left to right. The five pieces on the third rank are called suns, and are marked with one to five suns in ascending order from left to right. An alternative marking system is to simply number the stars 1 to 5 from left to right, number the moons 6 to 10 from left to right, and number the suns 11 to 15 from left to right. One player has the white pieces with the green markings, and the other player has the black pieces with the red markings. Pieces are only played on the black squares.

Rules and gameplay

  1. Players decide who will play green or red, and who will start first. Green moves first.
  2. Pieces are initially placed on the first three ranks as described under the Equipment section.
  3. Pieces are played only on the black squares.
  4. Players alternate their turns. Only one piece may be moved per turn. A piece can move diagonally forward or backward.
  5. Alternatively, a piece can diagonally jump over an adjacent enemy piece forward, and land on an unoccupied square on the other side. Only one piece may be jumped. The jumped piece is not captured as in draughts.
  6. Jumps are compulsory.
  7. If a player does not jump when presented with the opportunity, the other player calls "Salta", and the player must take back their last move, and jump before play continues.
  8. A player cannot block the other player's pieces such that he or she cannot perform a legal move. Each player must always have the ability to perform a legal move.
  9. An optional rule is called the 120-move rule. After 120 moves by each player, the game ends. Then each player calculates the minimum number of moves needed to accomplish their goal. This is accomplished by totaling the number of minimum moves needed for each piece not yet in its destined position. Friendly and enemy pieces are ignored on the path of a piece when calculating the minimum number of moves needed to reach its destination. The player with the least number is the winner. Since Green moves first, 1 point is added to the total number of Red's moves if Green finishes first.

See also

References

  • Bell, R. C. (1979) [1st Pub. 1969, Oxford University Press, London]. Board and Table Games From Many Civilizations II (Revised ed.). Dover Publications Inc. pp. 58–59. ISBN 0-671-06030-9.
  • Gering, Ralf (Winter 2001). Kerry Handscomb, ed. "Salta: The Humanistic Game". Abstract Games (Carpe Diem Publishing) (8): 12–13. ISSN 1492-0492.
  • Murray, H. J. R. (1978). "§3.8.2 Salta". A History of Board-Games other than Chess (Reissued ed.). Hacker Art Books Inc. p. 52. ISBN 0-87817-211-4.
  • Schmittberger, R. Wayne (1992). "Salta". New Rules for Classic Games. John Wiley & Sons Inc. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-0471536215.

External links

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Salta (game).