Rufous-naped wren
| Rufous-naped wren | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rufous-naped wren in Santo Domingo, Costa Rica | |
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Troglodytidae |
| Genus: | Campylorhynchus |
| Species: | C. rufinucha |
| Binomial name | |
| Campylorhynchus rufinucha (Lesson, 1838) | |
The rufous-naped wren (Campylorhynchus rufinucha) is a songbird of the Troglodytidae family, the wrens. It is a resident breeding species from central-southwest Mexico to northwestern Costa Rica.
This large wren breeds in lowlands and foothills from sea level up to 800 m (2,600 ft) altitude in forest or open woodland, scrub, second growth and savanna. It is found mainly on the Pacific side of the central mountain ranges. Its spherical nest has a side entrance and is lined with seed down. It is constructed 1.5 to 8 m (4.9–26.2 ft) high in thorny trees or shrubs, especially bull’s-horn acacia. This species sometimes nests close to the nests of wasps and there is experimental evidence that those that do so are afforded substantial protection from predation by doing so.[2][3]
The female alone incubates the three to five brown- or black-spotted white eggs for about two weeks until hatching, and the young fledge after about the same length of time again. After breeding, families sleep together in dormitory nests like those used for breeding.
The adult rufous-naped wren is 17 cm (6.7 in) long and weighs 36 g (1.3 oz). It has a black crown and eyestripe separated by a strong white supercilium, a rufous nape, and cinnamon-brown upperparts streaked with black and white, especially on the rump. The wings and tail are barred with black and greyish-white. The underparts are white. Young birds have duller upperparts and buff underparts.
This species has a short rasping call. The song is a mix of rich whistles, chatters and gurgles often given as a duet.
The rufous-naped wren forages actively in low vegetation in pairs or family groups. It eats mainly insects, spiders and other invertebrates. This species is often tame and inquisitive.
Three main populations vary markedly in size and coloration, and may represent separate species: Veracruz wren (restricted to central coastal Veracruz), rufous-naped wren (north and west from western Chiapas), and rufous-backed wren (south and east from western Chiapas).
References
- ↑ BirdLife International (2012). "Campylorhynchus rufinucha". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ Joyce, Frank J. (1993). "Nesting success of rufous-naped wrens (Campylorhynchus rufinucha) is greater near wasp nests". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology (Springer-Verlag) 32 (2): 71–77. doi:10.1007/BF00164038.
- ↑ Attenborough, David (1998). "The Demands of the Egg". The Life of Birds. Episode 8. 30:51 minutes in. BBC.
- Stiles, F. Gary; Skutch, Alexander F. (1989). A Guide to the Birds of Costa Rica. Comstock Publishing Associates. ISBN 0-8014-9600-4.
- Vázquez-Miranda, Hernán; Navarro-Sigüenza, Adolfo G.; Omland, Kevin E. (2009). "Phylogeography of the Rufous-Naped Wren (Campylorhynchus rufinucha): Speciation and Hybridization in Mesoamerica". The Auk (The American Ornithologists' Union) 126 (4): 765–778. doi:10.1525/auk.2009.07048.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Campylorhynchus rufinucha. |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Campylorhynchus rufinucha |
- Stamps for El Salvador and Nicaragua at bird-stamps.org
- Rufous-naped wren photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- Rufous-naped wren videos, photos, and sounds at the Internet Bird Collection
- Rufous-naped wren species account at NeotropicalBirds (Cornell University)