Rong Yiren

Rong Yiren 荣毅仁
Vice President of the People's Republic of China
In office March 12, 1993 – March 15, 1998
President	Jiang Zemin
Preceded by	Wang Zhen
Succeeded by	Hu Jintao
Personal details
Born	(1916-05-01)May 1, 1916 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
Died	October 26, 2005(2005-10-26) (aged 89) Beijing, China
Nationality	Chinese
Political party	Communist Party of China
Spouse(s)	Yang Jianqing (m. 1936–2005) (his death)

Rong Yiren (simplified Chinese: 荣毅仁; traditional Chinese: 榮毅仁; pinyin: Róng Yìrén; Wade–Giles: Jung Yi-Jen) (May 1, 1916 – October 26, 2005) was the Vice President of the People's Republic of China from 1993 to 1998 and was heavily involved with the opening of the Chinese economy to western investment. Rong is known both in China and in the West as "the Red Capitalist" because his family were some of the few pre-1949 industrialists to have been treated well by the Communist party of China in return for their co-operation with the government of the People's Republic of China.

Biography

Rong was born on May 1, 1916 in Wuxi, a town near Shanghai in Jiangsu Province.^[1] His father and uncle were the founders and operators of a flour- and cotton-milling business. He was educated at the Christian-run St. John's University, one of China's most prestigious colleges at the time. After graduation, Rong was assigned to manage a part of the family business and was running all 24 mills by the late 1940s.

At the end of the Chinese Civil War and the founding of the PRC, Rong chose to stay on the Chinese mainland instead of fleeing to Hong Kong or Taiwan as most businessmen did. His family was allowed to keep their business until 1956, when all private businesses became state-owned. His family was given $6 million in compensation. He was appointed the vice-mayor of Shanghai in 1957 and later served as an advisor on economics for the Communist Party of China.

During the Cultural Revolution, he was denounced as a "capitalist." He lost a great deal of his personal wealth and was the target of death threats from the Red Guards, radical youth organizations aligned with the new social and cultural policies of Mao Zedong. In a situation typical of disgraced government officials during the Cultural Revolution, Rong was given a demeaning job as a janitor for a period of time. He received some political protection from Zhou Enlai and was thus protected from further abuse and mistreatment.

After the death of Mao Zedong and the end of Cultural Revolution, Deng Xiaoping appointed Rong as an advisor for the economic opening of China. He set up the China International Trust and Investment Corp., or CITIC, in 1978, which was responsible for much of the initial western investment in China.

At the height of the pro-democracy movement in 1989, he risked his life by asking the top Chinese leaders to negotiate with the students. After the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989, many political analysts believed that he would receive severe punishment. Instead however, he was appointed to the ceremonial post of vice-president in 1993.

Rong retired in 1998 and died on October 26, 2005.^[1] He was listed as one of the richest men in Asia, with a family fortune of $1.9 billion.

Although regarded as a non-Communist during his lifetime, he was a member of Communist Party of China since 1985, according to his official obituary in Chinese; yet owing to his request that his membership be unveiled only after his death, almost nobody knew about his status as a communist even after his vice presidency.

References

Vice President of the People's Republic of China Common Program (1949–1954) Co-serving Zhu De Liu Shaoqi Soong Ching-ling Zhang Lan Li Jishen Gao Gang 1954 Constitution (1954–1975) Zhu De Soong Ching-ling Dong Biwu 1982 Constitution (1982–present) Ulanhu Wang Zhen Rong Yiren Hu Jintao Zeng Qinghong Xi Jinping Li Yuanchao