River Wyre

This article is about the River Wyre in Lancashire. There are other rivers with the same name such as the Afon Wyre in Ceredigion.
Wyre estuary shown within Lancashire
(grid reference SD340479)

The River Wyre is a river in Lancashire, United Kingdom, which flows into the Irish Sea at Fleetwood. It is approximately 28 miles (45 km) in length. The river is a County Biological Heritage Site.

Geography

The Wyre near St Michael's On Wyre

The river rises in the Forest of Bowland in central Lancashire, as two distinct tributaries, the Tarnbrook Wyre and the Marshaw Wyre, whose confluence is near the village of Abbeystead. In 1984 a pumping station, built just below the confluence as part of a water transfer scheme in the 1980s, was the location of the Abbeystead disaster, an explosion in which 16 people were killed and a further 22 were injured.

From Abbeystead, the river flows south through Dolphinholme to Garstang, where the Lancaster Canal crosses on a small aqueduct. One mile south, at Catterall, it meets its first major tributary, the River Calder. The river then turns westwards, flowing through St Michael's On Wyre where it is joined by its second major tributary, the River Brock. It becomes tidal below the weir at St Michael's.

It is crossed by a toll bridge (normal fee is 50 pence) at Cartford, between Little Eccleston and Out Rawcliffe. A former toll bridge, Shard Bridge, close to Poulton-le-Fylde, has been rebuilt and is now free. A pedestrian ferry runs between Fleetwood and Knott End but the ferry to the Isle of Man no longer runs.

Major industry existed at the former ICI site at Burn Naze, close to the estuary of the river. It was originally an alkali works taking brine from mines and wells across the river in and around Preesall. Later processes undertaken on the site included those dealing with Vinyl Chloride Monomer, although this was later moved to Runcorn and ICI activity on the site ceased. Industrial activity by a number of various companies continues by the river, albeit on a much reduced scale.

The area around Burn Naze on the western side of the Wyre Estuary was formerly known as Bergerode, believed to be an Old English term for "shallow harbour", beor grade.[1]

From Skippool, just downstream of Shard Bridge, to Fleetwood, the banks of the river form the Wyre Estuary Country Park. Facilities exist on the western bank. The park has its headquarters at Stanah. It has been the recipient of a Green Flag Award.

Fleetwood at the mouth of the river was a major fishing port up until the latter part of the 20th century. Wyre Dock was built there between 1869 and 1877. With the decline in the size of the fleet, most of the dock complex has subsequently been converted to a marina and the adjacent "Freeport" shopping village.

The river drains a total catchment area of approximately 175 square miles (450 km²). The tidal portion of the river below Cartford Bridge drains a catchment area of approximately 125 square miles (320 km2).[2]

The Wyre is reputedly the longest river in England whose estuary can be seen from its source.

The river's name possibly means 'winding river' in Celtic.[3]

Settlements

River Wyre

         Hambleton

St Michael's
Tarnbrook Source
Marshaw Source
Shown within Lancashire

Marshaw Wyre

Tarnbrook Wyre

Tributaries

River Wyre

Marshaw Wyre

Tarnbrook Wyre

Notes

  1. ↑ William John Thomas et al., Notes and Queries (1850). Oxford University Press.
  2. ↑ "Wyre Catchment Area Flood Management Plan". Environment Agency. January 2007. Retrieved 2007-10-25.
  3. ↑ Reaney, P. H. (1964). The Origin Of English Place-Names. Routledge and Keagan Paul. p. 80.

Coordinates: 53°55′23″N 3°00′23″W / 53.92301°N 3.00649°W

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to River Wyre.