Ricinoleic acid
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
(9Z,12R)-12-Hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid | |
| Other names
R12-Hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid | |
| Identifiers | |
141-22-0  | |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:28592 |
| ChemSpider | 558800 |
| |
| Jmol-3D images | Image |
| PubChem | 643684 |
| |
| UNII | I2D0F69854 |
| Properties | |
| C18H34O3 | |
| Molar mass | 298.461 g/mol |
| Density | 0.945 g/cm3 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data is given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa) | |
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| Infobox references | |
Ricinoleic acid, formally called 12-hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid is a fatty acid. It is an unsaturated omega-9 fatty acid.[1] It is a major component of the seed oil obtained from mature Castor plant (Ricinus communis L., Euphorbiaceae) seeds or in sclerotium of ergot (Claviceps purpurea Tul., Clavicipitaceae). About 90% of the fatty acid content in castor oil is the triglyceride formed from ricinoleic acid.
Production
Ricinoleic acid is manufactured for industries by saponification or fractional distillation of hydrolyzed castor oil.[2] The zinc salt is used in personal care products,[3] such as deodorants.[4]
The first attempts to prepare ricinoleic acid were made by Friedrich Krafft in 1888.[5]
Biological activities
Ricinoleic acid exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.[6]
Ricinoleic acid specifically activates the EP3 prostanoid receptor for prostaglandin E2.[7]
Ricinoleic acid acts as a specific algicide for the control of blue-green algae.[8]
See also
- Castor oil
- Ricinelaidic acid, the trans isomer of ricinoleic acid
- Ricinolein, the triglyceride of ricinoleic acid
- Sodium ricinoleate, the sodium salt of ricinoleic acid
- Polyglycerol polyricinoleate, a polymer of glycerol with ricinoleic acid side chains, used as an emulsifier in chocolate
References
- ↑ Frank D. Gunstone, John L. Harwood, Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The Lipid Handbook. 10: CRC Press. p. 1472. ISBN 1420009672.
- ↑ James AT, Hadaway HC, Webb JP (May 1965). "The biosynthesis of ricinoleic acid". Biochem. J. 95: 448–52. PMC 1214342. PMID 14340094.
- ↑ "zinc ricinoleate". Environmental Working Group.
- ↑ Tom's of Maine - About Our Products
- ↑ Rider, T.H. (November 1931). "The purification of sodium ricinoleate ". Journal of the American Chemical Society 53: 4130–4133. doi:10.1021/ja01362a031. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- ↑ Vieira C, Evangelista S, Cirillo R, Lippi A, Maggi CA, Manzini S (2000). "Effect of ricinoleic acid in acute and subchronic experimental models of inflammation". Mediators Inflamm. 9 (5): 223–8. doi:10.1080/09629350020025737. PMC 1781768. PMID 11200362.
- ↑ Tunaru S, Althoff TF, Nüsing RM, Diener M, Offermanns S (2012). "Castor oil induces laxation and uterus contraction via ricinoleic acid activating prostaglandin EP3 receptors". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109 (23): 9179–9184. doi:10.1073/pnas.1201627109. PMC 3384204. PMID 22615395.
- ↑ US 4398937, "Selective algaecides for control of cyanochloronta", published 1983