Resource-based economy
A resource-based economy or natural-resource-based economy is the economy of a country whose gross national product or gross domestic product to a large extent comes from natural resources.[1]
Suriname
Suriname's exports of bauxite account for more than 15% of GDP and 70% of export earnings.[2]
Russia
Of Russian exports, more than 80% are oil, natural gas, metals and timber.[3] Since Russia has a resource based economy, it depends most of all on the fluctuations of oil and gas demand and prices.[4]
Norway
Norway's export of oil and gas forms 45% of total exports and more than 20% of the GDP.[5]
Australia
Australia developed aspects of a resource-based economy in the later twentieth century, while retaining a foundation in agricultural exports, and latterly minerals.[6][7]
References
- ↑ Twaddell, Hannah (2007). Best practices to enhance the transportation-land use connection in the rural United States. Retrieved 2012-03-13. p.26
- ↑ CIA - World Factbook Suriname
- ↑ Ellman, Michael (2006). Russia's oil and natural gas: bonanza or curse?. Retrieved 2012-03-13. p.191
- ↑ Nesvetailova, Anastasia. "Why farmers in Belarus will profit under Putin’s sanctions". The Conversation. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
- ↑ OECD Environmental Performance Reviews OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Norway 2011. 2011. Retrieved 2012-03-13. p.60
- ↑ http://lockthegate.org.au/documents/doc-301-minerals-boom---australia-s-resources-curse.pdf retrieval June-1-2012
- ↑ http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08941929209380790 retrieve June-1-2012
Bibliography
- Barry C.Field (2000), Natural Resource Economics, McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-231677-2.
- Thomas H. Tietenberg (1988), Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, Scott-Foresman. ISBN 0-673-18945-7.
- Philip A. Neher (1990), Natural Resource Economics: Conservation and Exploitation, Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-31174-8.
- Steven C. Hackett (2001), Environmental and Natural Resources Economics: Theory, Policy, and the Sustainable Society, M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 0-7656-0682-8.
- Erhun Kula (1992), Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment, Springer. ISBN 0-412-36330-5.
- Juan C. Suris Regueiro, Manuel M. Varela Lafuente (1995), Introducción a la economía de los recursos naturales, Civitas. ISBN 84-470-0613-1.
- Pere Riera (2005), Manual de economía ambiental y de los recursos naturales, Thomson. ISBN 84-9732-369-6.
- Carlos Romero (1994), Economía de los recursos ambientales y naturales, Alianza Editorial. ISBN 84-206-6811-7.
- Alan Randall, Ricardo Calvet Perez (1985), Economía de los recursos naturales y política ambiental, Limusa. ISBN 968-18-1727-3.
- Roxana Barrantes (1997), Hacia un nuevo dorado: Economía de los recursos naturales, Consorcio de Investigación Económica. ISBN 9972-670-00-7.
External links
- "How to Sustain Growth in a Resource Based Economy? The Main Concepts and their Application to the Russian Case" (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe)