Rape in France
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In France, rape is illegal, marital rape is also illegal. In recent years there has been increase of rape cases in France.
Studies
Rape has been documented across French history. Georges Vigarello in his 2011 book writes about the history of rape in France, highlighting events from 16th to 20th century. He states that rape has historically been seen as a form of violence, but not punished as such.[1]
Statistics
In 1971, the rape rate stood at 2.0 per 100,000 people.[2] In 1995, it was 12.5.[3] In 2009, it stood at 16.2.[4]
According to a 2012 report, about 75,000 rapes take place each year.[5] In 2012, there were 1,293 reported rapes in a population of 66 million,[6] and 1,188 rapes in 2013 in a population of 66 million.[7]
Gang rape
According to a 2014 report, about 5,000 to 7,000 of the rapes are gang rapes.[8] In the Muslim immigrant culture of the banlieues, gang-rapes are referred to as tournantes, or "pass-arounds").[9][10] One of the first people to bring public attention to the culture of gang rape was Samira Bellil, who published a book called Dans l'enfer des tournantes ("In Gang Rape Hell").[9][10]
In October 2012, two girls in Fontenay-sous-Bois on the outskirts of Paris reported experiencing daily gang rapes in the high-rise tower blocks, sometimes by scores of boys. One witness described 50 boys "queuing" to rape her.[11]
Notable offenders
- Gilles de Rais (1404 - 1440) - Convicted of rape, murder, he was executed.[12]
- Pierre Chanal (1946 - 2003) - French soldier, convicted of rape and kidnapping, he received a ten-year jail sentence.[13]
- Émile Louis (1934 - 2013) - Sentenced to life imprisonment in 2004.[14]
- Michel Fourniret (1942 - ) - Convicted in 1987 for rape, and assault of minors.[15]
- Joseph Vacher (1869 - 1898) - Convicted of murder, rape. Executed in December 1898.[16]
- Roman Polanski (1933 - ) - Actor, convicted of raping a 13 year old.[17]
- Guy Georges (1962 - ) - Raped and murdered about seven women. Sentenced to life imprisonment in 2001.[18]
See also
- Ni Putes Ni Soumises
- Dans l'enfer des tournantes ("In Gang Rape Hell")
General:
Further reading
- Vigarello, Georges (2001). A History of Rape: Sexual Violence in France from the 16th to the 20th Century. Wiley. ISBN 9780745621692.
References
- ↑ Inger Skjelsb K; Inger Skjelsbæk. The Political Psychology of War Rape: Studies from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Routledge. p. 48. ISBN 9781136620928.
- ↑ Veeraraghavan, Vimala (1987). Rape and Victims of Rape: A Socio-psychological Analysis. Northern Book Centre.
- ↑ Simon, Rita James. A Comparative Perspective on Major Social Problems. Lexington Books. pp. 20–21.
- ↑ "Statistics : Crime : Sexual Violence". Unodc.org. Retrieved 2013-12-04.
- ↑ "Light Gang Rape Penalties Provoke Outcry in France". 11 October 2012.
- ↑ http://www.justice.gouv.fr/art_pix/1_stat_Chiffres_cles_2013.pdf
- ↑ http://www.justice.gouv.fr/art_pix/1_stat_livret_final_HD.pdf
- ↑ "Tournantes: le calvaire de Nina et Stéphanie - L'EXPRESS". Lexpress.fr. Retrieved 2014-04-10.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Ireland, Susan (Winter 2007). "Textualizing Trauma in Samira Bellil's Dans l'enfer des tournantes and Fabrice Génestal's La squale". Dalhousie French Studies 81: 131–141.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Hron, Madelaine (2010). Translating Pain: Immigrant Suffering in Literature and Culture. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-4426-9324-1.
- ↑ Gang rape trial shocks France and sparks row over justice system, Angelique Chrisafis (9 October 2012), The Guardian
- ↑ Dutton, Donald G. (2007). The Psychology of Genocide, Massacres, and Extreme Violence: Why "normal" People Come to Commit Atrocities. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 129.
- ↑ "French Serial Killer Pierre Chanal: The Military Superman - Yahoo Voices". voices.yahoo.com. 2005-01-26. Retrieved 2014-04-10.
- ↑ Mulholland, Rory (2013-10-21). "French serial killer Emile Louis dies aged 79". Telegraph. Retrieved 2014-04-10.
- ↑ Wendy De Bondt; Nina Peršak; Charlotte Ryckman (2012). The Disqualification Triad: Approximating Legislation, Executing Requests, Ensuring Equivalence. Maklu. p. 84.
- ↑ Stone, Ciana (2012). Redeemed. Ellora's Cave Publishing Inc. p. 38.
- ↑ "Roman Polanski's rape victim unveils controversial memoir cover". NY Daily News. 2013-07-25. Retrieved 2014-04-10.
- ↑ Vronsky, Peter (2004). Serial Killers: The Method and Madness of Monsters. Penguin. p. 32.