Réunion cuckooshrike
| Réunion cuckooshrike | |
|---|---|
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Campephagidae |
| Genus: | Coracina |
| Species: | C. newtoni |
| Binomial name | |
| Coracina newtoni (Pollen, 1866) | |
The Réunion cuckooshrike (Coracina newtoni) is a critically endangered bird in the cuckooshrike family from the island of Réunion, a French territory in the western Indian Ocean.
Description
The Réunion cuckooshrike is a small arboreal bird. The plumage is dimorphic between the sexes. The male is grey coloured with a darker back and lighter underside; the face is darker and has the impression of a mask. The female is quite different, being dark brown above and striped underneath with a white eye-line. The call of the species is a clear whistled tui tui tui, from which is derived its local Réunion Creole/French name, tuit-tuit.
Distribution and habitat
The species is restricted to the forest canopy, with a distribution limited to two small patches of Réunion's native subtropical mountain forests in the north of the island. Although it once ranged across Réunion in suitable habitat, its stronghold is the Plaine des Chicots – Plaine d'Affouches Important Bird Area near the island capital of Saint-Denis.[2] Its diet is principally insects, though fruit are also taken.[3]
Status and conservation
The Réunion cuckooshrike is a critically endangered species and is currently the focus of conservation efforts. Its range has declined significantly and is currently an area of just 16 km2. The population of the species is currently stable but at the low number of around 50 adult birds, and is very vulnerable to localised disasters such as forest fires or habitat degradation. Introduced cats and rats prey on the species (particularly on young birds), and introduced herbivores such as deer degrade what little habitat remains.[3]
Formerly classified as an endangered species by the IUCN,[4] it was suspected to be rarer than generally assumed. Following the evaluation of its status, this was found to be correct, and it is consequently uplisted to critically endangered status in 2008 as it is in immediate danger of extinction, numbering so few birds that it might be entirely wiped out by a single catastrophic event such as a tropical cyclone.[5]
Pilot studies have shown that controlling rat and cat numbers around nesting sites leads to increased survival of chicks, and the test programme of trapping and poisoning is going to be expanded. The species' survival plan also includes recommendations to translocate some individuals to suitable habitat in other parts of the island.[6]
Footnotes
- ↑ BirdLife International (2013). "Coracina newtoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ "Plaine des Chicots – Plaine d'Affouches". Important Bird Areas factsheet. BirdLife International. 2014. Retrieved 2014-03-05.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 BLI (2006a)
- ↑ BLI (2004)
- ↑ BLI (2008)
- ↑ BLI (2006b)
References
- BirdLife International (BLI) (2006a) Species factsheet: Coracina newtoni. Retrieved 9 October 2006
- BirdLife International (BLI) (2006b) Road to recovery for rare cuckooshrike. Retrieved 9 October 2006
- BirdLife International (BLI) (2008): [2008 IUCN Redlist status changes]. Retrieved 23 May 2008